OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value as well as correlation between blood drug level and blood routine results in patients using cyclospone A (CsA) following renal transplantation via analyzing varies of immunosuppressive agents used in renal transplantation. METHODS: Retrieval-related contents were collected by computer from Chinese Journal Full-Text Database with of "renal transplantation, CsA, and therapeutic drug monitoring". Simultaneously, data of patients who received CsA treatment after renal transplantation in the Department of Laboratory, Liaoning Provincial Electrical Hospital were selected. All the literature was retried and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 717 patients were included in the final analysis. It demonstrated that 6 sorts of immunosuppressive agents, such as mizoribine, sirolimus, zenapax, mycophenolate, and basiliximab play an important role in immune suppression after organ transplantation. However, there still exist problems need to be further explored. CsA was more suitable for clinical application with lower price and good curative effect, which worked better combined with other immunosuppressive agents. CONCLUSION: A best curative effect of CsA can be achieved by timely adjusting therapeutic regimen under the patient's condition. Meantime, a high efficiency and low toxicity drug with specific tolerance is the ultimate goal of immunosuppressive agents.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogenous disease with multiple signaling pathways contributing to its pathogenesis.A key driver of AML is the mutation of FMS-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (FLT3) gene.Mutations in FLT3,primarily the FLT3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD),are associated with decreased progression-free and overall survival.Due to the importance of FLT3-ITD and its pathway in the prognosis of patients with AML,it has stimulated efforts to develop therapeutic inhibitors of FLT3.Although the FLT3 inhibitors show a certain degree of antileukemia activity,their clinical effect has some limitations as a single drug.Now,Quizartinib (AC220) is the potent second generation FLT3 selective inhibitors.Based on the resistance mechanism for FLT3 inhibitom,more and more scholars has been studying the inhibition of FLT3-ITD+ cell lines and primary leukemia cells by AC220 alone and in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapies/protein kinase inhibitors as well.However,the clinical effects of a variety of combination plan remain to be further investigated.

In order to adapt to the changes of medicine mode and market needs, the Nursing Department of Fujian TCM gave an elective course of nursing etiquette, and made teaching designs for the course, including the designs of teachers training, teaching objects, teaching contents and teaching methods. At the end of the course, the authors conducted questionaire, interview and examination among the students, and analyzed the data by statistical methods, and believed that the result was good. Besides, the article discussed the meaning of setting the Nursing etiquette course, and gave some suggestions on the course building.

The Chinese medicine could alleviate clinical symptoms, improve the quality of life in the treatment of lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion. TCM showed its certain characteristics and advantages. This paper summarized the literatures about the treatment of lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion with Chinese medicine in recent years in the light of oral Chinese herbal medicine, external use of Chinese medicine, pleural perfusion with traditional Chinese medicine.

BACKGROUND:Latest researches suggest that delayed endothelial repair in drug-eluting stents may cause thrombosis and coronary occlusion.Therefore,a novel kind of drug stent,which is characterized by satisfactory anti-proliferative action as well as inhibitive effects on thrombosis,needs to be developed.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the recent research progress and clinical applications of drug-eluting stents (DES) and to seek the direction of new developments.RETRIEVE STRATEGY:The retrieve staffs were the research personnel for this paper.A computer-based online search was conducted in PUBMED for English language publications containing the key words of "drug eluting stents,percutaneous coronary intervention,coronary disease" from January 2002 to April 2007.Relevant data were also searched in international conference reports on the Internet between January 2005 and June 2007.The number of total retrieved Iiteratures was 15.Inclusion criteria:①reports about drug stents;②reports on research progress in the field of drug stents;③reports on the clinical application of drug stents.Exclusion criteria:low relevance and duplicated articles.LITERATURE EVALUATION:There were 264 articles about research and clinical applications of DES.Of those,42 literatures and 5 conference reports with high relevance and timeliness were included in this report.DATA SYNTHESIS:An ideal DES is comprised of a platform,a drug carrier vehicle and a pharmaceutical compound in harmony with each other.Given the ongoing development of DES materials and drugs,more effective DESs are introduced in the clinical practice.Recently,clinical data on DES encourage the interventional cardiologist to use DES in more challenging coronary lesions,such as chronic total occlusions,complex lesions and multivessel lesions.However,concern that DES may be associated with a risk of late thrombotic events arose,suggesting an imbalance between safety and efficacy of DES.Therefore,novel strategies including bioabsorbable stents,and stents coated with pro-healing agents are promising.CONCLUSION:The development of DES is a breakthrough in interventional cardiology that bring great benefit to patients with coronary disease,especially for restenosis and revascularization.Nevertheless,more endeavour will be necessary to create DES with high efficacy as well as low risk.

BACKGROUND: Routine magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scans can comparatively show intra-articular soft tissue structures,but there are still some limitations in the diagnosis of intra-articular lesions and injury due to deficiency in contrast of imaging.Enhanced MRI scan has been applied to the liver,brain and other parts,which effectively improves the diagnostic accuracy,but there are few reports on the enhanced scans of knee.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical application value of MRI enhancement pattern in diagnosis of knee injury.METHODS: Totally 21 patients with knee injury(22 knees)were routinely scanned by 0.5T Signa Contour MRI scanner(GE company,USA).Then enhancer was injected into knee joint by the same physician and MRI enhancement pattern was performed in these patients.Film-reading and comparison were completed by two associate chief physicians.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Different levels of joint structural damage,such as bone,meniscus,ligaments,and articular cartilage and so on,were found in all patients by routine MRI scan.The extent and scope of its damage had been more clearly displayed by enhanced MRI scan.Meanwhile,misdiagnosis of meniscal injury by routine MRI scan was confirmed by enhanced MRI scan in 2 patients.Some damaged parts that were not found by routine MRI scan were Confirmed by enhanced MRI scan.All these demonstrated that positive rate of knee injury in MRI enhancement pattern was higher than conventional MRI scan.There was significant difference in meniscus injury between two patterns(P = 0.035).MRI enhancement pattern in comparison with conventional MRI can further improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of knee injury.

Objective To explore the role of claudin-3, claudin-4 in carcinogenesis and progression of ovarian mucous cystoadenocarcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization method were employed to detect the expression of claudin-3, -4, claudin-4 mRNA in ovary epithelium, mucinous cystadeno-nut, mucinous cystadenoma of borderline, mucous cystadenocarcinoma. Results claudin-3, -4 expression was lowest in ovarian epithelium and mucinous cystadenoma, higher in borderline mucinous cystadenoma, and high-est in ovarian cystadenocarcinoma(P<0.05 ). The expression of claudin-3, -4 in poor differentiated ovarian carcinoma was stronger than that in well- differentiated and moderately differentiated carcinoma (P< 0.05 ),but there was no significant difference between well-differentiated and moderately differentiated carcinoma(P>0.05). Conclusion The overexpvession of claudin-3, -4 is correlated closely with the carcinogenesis and advancement of ovarian mucinous carcinoma, and may have correlation with the differentiated degree of o-varian carcinoma, claudin-3, -4 may become the specific markers of ovarian mucous cystadenocarcinoma.

Autogenous vein graft is one of the frequent methods to treat ischemia in Vascular Surgery.However, the patency rate of vein grafts is unhappy because of the injury, the difference structure between arteries and veins, and the change of hemedynamics after grafted. The restenosis of vein graft contains three syntrophic component elements-thrombosis, intima hyperplasia, and scleratheroma. In this article, we will discuss the relationship between the changed hemodynamics and the restenosis of the vein grafts.

Objective To explore the inhibitory effects of RNAi targeting survivin to suppress the expression of survivin and to induce the apoptosis of human renal cancer cell line 786-O.Methods The target gene fragments were cloned into pcDNATM 6.2-GW/EmGFPmiR vectors,and then the recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors were transfected into 786-O cells with liposomes.The expression changes in survivin mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical assay,and the proliferation inhibitory rate (IR) of 786-O cells was detected by M'TT assay.Results The mRNA and protein expressions of survivin in the siRNA group were significantly inhibited by the eukaryotic expression vectors,and it also inhibited significantly the growth and proliferation of 786-O cells.Conclusion Silencing survivin gene by the RNAi technique can not only effectively decrease the expressions of survivin gene and protein,but also inhibit the cell proliferation in 786-O cells.This may provide the experimental evidence for the survivin gene as a target of gene therapy in renal cancer.

Objective To evaluate the value of coronary arteriongraphy(CAG)in diagnosing angina.Methods 219 patients with angina in clinical analysis were selected and divided into 2 groups:the stable angina(SA)group and unstable angina(UA)group.They all were accepted CAG first time.Then analysis were carried out between clinical diagnosis and results of CAG.Results The total positive rate of CAG in diagnosing angina is 58.90%.The positive rate of SA group(56.52%)shows no significant difference with that of UA group(60.00%).Single vessel lesion and multiple vessels lesion of SA group have little difference,however,the main coronary artery lesions of UA group is single vessel.Conclusions CAG is extremely important in diagnosing angina,but it has its own limit.Experience and new technique should be applied to retrieve locatization of CAG.