No abstract available.
Albuterol* ; Asthma* ; Gases* ; Inhalation*

Dental Care ; Plasma Gases

The study was done to evaluate disturbances in blood gases and acid-base balance in 140 patients with chronic renal failure at the end stage (108 patients with hemodialysis, 32 patients without hemodialysis). The primarily results showed that: 33.3% arterial hypoxemia, 35.1% disturbances in PaCO2, 31.48% SaO2 decreased, 93.5% disturbances in AaDO2, 6.48% chronic respiratory failure with 71.49% type I and 28.51% type II. 77.8% pH decreased, 96.3% BE decreased, 94.45% HCO3 decreased, 92.56% TCO2 decreased. Disturbances in PaO2, PaCO2, AaDO2 of chronic renal failure with hemodialysis were lower than chronic renal failure without hemodialysis.
Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Gases

No abstract available.
Blood Flow Velocity* ; Fetus* ; Gases*

No abstract available.
Gases* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive*

Background: to assess the disturbances of blood gases in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), ventilation function was explored and blood gases were measured in 68 patients (mean age: 65.923.8) with COPD consisting of 40 males (58.8%) and 28 females (41.2%). Results: a large number of the patients hospitalized at late stages (32.35% at stage 1.25% at stage II and 42.5% at stage III). The main disturbance of blood gases in patients with COPD at stage I was a trivial PaO2 reduction with/ or without PaCO2 increase, on the contrary, the main disturbances of blood gases in those at stages II and III were severe exacerbation with a mixed feature (PaO2 reduction and PaCO2 increase). In the patients with COPD at stage I, PaO2 and PaCO2 did not significantly change (p>0.05); but there were significant disturbances in PaO2 and PaCO2 values in those at stages II and III (p<0.05). Conclusion: The result suggest that COPD should be identified, treated and managed at early stage because the chances of a fatal outcome are greater at late stage and, blood gases should be determined only at stage II and III COPD.
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Gases

This study was performed on 38 patients with chronic renal failure with intermittent dialysis. The results showed that changes of the blood gas: intermittent dialysis lessen PaO2¬ from 95.27 mmHg before dialysis to 89.39 mmHg after dialysis (p<0.01), PaCO2 increased from 31.34 to 34.24 mmHg (P<0.01), and SaO2 increased from 93.78 to 95.64% (p<0.001). However, those changes were in the allowable limit. Balance of acid-base: Disordered balance of acid-base in chronic renal failure patients at the end-stage has been metabolic acidosis. Intermittent dialysis method improved the situation of the disorder; blood pH and HCO3- were recovered (p<0.001).
Kidney Failure, Chronic ; ventilation ; gases

Study of the nutrition of workers on 5 sea objects on March 2003 showed that , each worker received 5000 Kcal per day from diet. The ration provided enough calories but it is not balanced according to the standard: over 20% of energy from protein (66.4% of them from animal products), 3% of energy from lipid (66.4% from animal products). This ration have no good influences on worker’s health, the excess of animal protein and lipid will lead to the risks of chronic diseases such as hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and gout.
Nutritional Status ; Malnutrition ; Oils ; Gases

This study was designed to investigate the ranges of pH, PaO2 PaCO2, and SaO2, before and during halothane-N2O-O2-pancuronium anesthesia under controlled ventilation (Vr: 500-600ml, f: 18-20/min). For the study, 25 surgical patients were selected with physical status ASA class l and ll and age ranging from 20 to 60 years. Samples of arterial and venous blood were collected before and during anesthesia, and sent for immediate gas analysis. The arterial blood gas samples before and during anesthesia revealed values within normal limits. After testing, we were able to control the blood gas patterns by ventilation to produce ideal conditions for patients undergoing anesthesia.
Anesthesia* ; Gases* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ventilation

Continuous assessment of arterial oxygenation is important in the clinical management of critically ill patients. Analysis of arterial blood gas is reliable but is invasive and only provides intermittent informations. In order to determine the accuracy of pulse oximeters in ICU patients, arterial oxygen saturation was measured in 58 patients in ICU using two kinds of pulse oximeters (Ohmeda, CSI), while simutaneously analyzing arterial blood gases. The relationship between the pulse oximeters saturation (SpO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) was evaluated, Group l consisted of 102 samples of SpO2 using an Ohmeda pulse oximter in 45 of 72 patients. Group ll included 102 samples of SpO2 using a CSl pulse oximeter in 45 of 72 patients. Both Ohmeda and CSI pulse oximeters were applied to 32 patients. Group lll had 204 samples, thE Sum of Groups l and ll. The results were as follow ; 1) The correlation coefficients of SpO2 to SaO2 in Groups l, ll and lll were 0.97, 0.90 and 0.96 (p < 0.775). 2) Mean difference between SaO2 and SpO2 in Groups l, ll and lll were almost within the limit of 1%. 3) The correlation coefficient of SpO2 between Ohmeda andcsr pulse oximeter was 0.79, and there was no mean difference between them in the 32 patients who were tested with both the Ohmeda and the CSI pulse oximeters. In conclusion, a pulse oximter is an accurate noninvasive device which assesses arterial oxygenation and provides information continuously. Wider clinical indication will follow.
Critical Illness ; Gases ; Humans ; Oximetry* ; Oxygen