Objective To study the methods and outcome of 71 patients with Parkinson's disease treated with microelectrode-guided stereotactic pallidotomy and thalamotomy. Method Pallidal and thalamal target sites are chosen by supervision of microelectrode recording technique in 71 patients with Parkinson's disease. The UPDRS motor score was used to evaluate the outcomes 12 weeks before and after operation Result After 12 months follow-up, tremor disappeared completely or nearly completely in 12 patients who underwent unilateral and l bilateral ventrolateral thalamotomy. Dramatic improvement of tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia were observed in 57 patients underwent posteroventral pallidotomy,including 6 underwent bilateral posteroventral pallidotomy. Intracerebral hemorrhage was observed in l patient. Conclusion Microelectrode-guided stereotactic pallidotomy and thalamotomy are effective in treatmenting Parkinson's disease, but with serious complications

Objective To explore the targeted nursing care for patients with severe traumatic brain injury complicated with intracranial infection. Methods 35 patients of severe traumatic brain injury complicated with intracranial infection from January, 2009 to December, 2011 were reviewed. Results There were 10 cases cured, 12 cases improved very well, 4 cases improved, 5 cases invalid and 4 cases died. The total effective rate was 62.86%and the fatality rate was 11.43%. Conclusion Intracranial infection can be controlled effectively by the venous and intrathecal injection of antibiotics and targeted care in the patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

Objective To explore the value of 3D time-of-flight MRI ( MRI 3D-TOF) combined with 3D reconstruction technique for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular compression of trigeminal neuralgia by magnetic resonance angiography combined with three-dimen-sional reconstruction technique.Methods A total of 80 patients with vascular compression of the trigeminal neuralgia in our hospital from January 2012 to February 2014 were diagnosed by axial MRI 3D-TOF,combined with 3D vascular and nerve reconstruction in the anatomy Department for further diagnosis and treatment.Results The patients were diagnosed according to the trigeminal nerve and the typings of pe-ripheral vascular compression.The diagnosis results for 29 cases of typeⅠ,19 cases of typeⅡ,32 cases of typeⅢfrom physician 1,the di-agnosis results for 48 cases of typeⅠ,21 cases of typeⅡand typeⅢin 11 cases from physician 2,the difference of the diagnosis bwtween two physicians was statistical significance (P=0.00).Compared with intraoperative diagnosis,the diagnosis of 3D reconstruction results was similar to the intraoperative diagnosis,and the difference was no statistical significance (P=0.98).Conclusion MRI 3D-TOF combined with three-dimensional reconstruction technique in the diagnosis of vascular trigeminal neuralgia shows clear images of the nerve and its sur-rounding vessels,which can be applied to the diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia.

Objective To build the dataset of Chinese visible human female. Methods After undergoing macroscopical, CT and MRI examinations to exclude organic lesions, a young female cadaver of medium height was selected as the subject. After morphological measurement and vascular perfusion, the cadaver was embedded with 5% gelatin and cryopreserved in a -30 ℃ icehouse for 1 week. A digital milling machine TK 6350 (milling accuracy of 0.001 mm) was used to shave off slices of the body layer by layer from head to foot in a laboratory at -25 ℃. The successive cross sections were photographed with a high definition digital camera, and the pictures were put into a computer to establish a dataset of human body. By utilizing the image dataset derived from the successive cross sections, 3D reconstruction and stereodisplay of human structure were finished with a SGI Workstation which was equipped with an independently self developed software package for 3D reconstruction. Results The selected specimen, a 22 year old female native of Chongqing, was 1 620 mm in height, 54 kg in weight and died of non organic disease. CT scans were made in every 1.0 mm for head and neck and every 2.0 mm for rest parts, and the thickness for MRI scans was 1.5 mm for head and 3.0 mm for rest parts. For serial cross sections, the thickness was 0.25 mm for head and 0.5 mm for rest parts. Thus, a total of 3640 slices were obtained, and the photo for every slice was saved as a 36 MB file in a resolution of 6 291 456 pixels (3 072?2 048). Finally, the complete data files reached to 131.04 GB. Conclusion ① This is the first formally reported case of Chinese visible human female, suggesting that China becomes the second country owning visible human female dataset of her population. We set up a website for the purpose of exchanging ideas and information on this subject. So, the results are issued simultaneously on the Internet (http://www.chinesevisiblehuman.com).② According to US Visible Human Project(VHP), the data of the 3 junctional parts of their female cadaver were absent because the body was cut into 4 segments. Taking the age of 59 year old into account, the visible human female's body was not exactly perfect. The sections of 0.33 mm in thickness were saved to pictures at a resolution of 2 490 368 pixels (2 048?1 216). While, the first Chinese visible human female reported here is a young female without organic disease or lesion. No sectional datum is lost for being acquired from successive sections of the whole body. The resolution of cross sectional image reaches to 6 291 456 pixels (3 072?2 048).

Objective To achieve computer visualization of the first Chinese visible male and female Methods After acquisition of the dataset of the first Chinese visible male and female (2 518 cross sections were obtained from the visible male, the complete data files take up 90 468 GBs; while 3 640 cross sections from the female, the complete data files take up 131 04 GBs ), we processed 2 D images in an SGI Workstation and on P4 computer respectively Then, image registration was performed through reserved scaling point Reconstruction was achieved by two approaches: volume rendering reconstruction and surface rendering reconstruction Results We visualized the whole body and special parts of Chinese visible male and female on an SGI Workstation and a personal computer respectively Furthermore, by optimizing 3 D reconstruction and data processing technique, interactive 3 D visualization of the dataset was achieved Conclusions ①The dataset of the first Chinese visible male and female proves to be eligible for 3 D visualization research ②The platform setup of interactive 3 D visualization of Chinese visible male and female dataset provides foundation for digital human anatomy and virtual surgery ③The models of human organs and parts built through data segmentation, classification, registration and drawing lay basis for rendering complex structures of the whole human body delicately

Objective To establish more detailed dataset of Chinese visible human male. Methods After undergoing macroscopical, CT and MRI examinations to exclude organic lesion, a young aged, middle sized male cadaver was selected as the subject. First, morphological measurement and vascular perfusion were performed. Second, after embedding with 5% gelatin, the cadaver was put in ice house and frozen to -30 ℃ for 1 week. Third, TK 6350 numerical control milling machine (milling accuracy of 0.001 mm) was used to shave off slices of the body layer by layer from head to foot at -25 ℃ in low temperature laboratory. Fourth, the successive cross sections were photographed with high resolution digital camera and scanned into an animation computer. Thus, data acquisition from cadaver model was completed to obtain structural dataset of the human body. Results The selected sample was a 21 year old, 1 820 mm in height, 66 kg in weight male died due to non organic disease. CT with 1.0 mm slice thickness for the head and neck and 2.0 mm for the rest of the body was performed. MRI with 1.5 mm slice thickness for the head and neck and 3.0 mm for the rest of the body was also performed. A total of 18 398 serial cross sections with the thickness of 0.1 mm of each section were obtained. The digital photographs were sampled at a resolution of 10 989 056 (4 064?2 704) pixels. The data file of each section occupies 62.9 MB. The complete data files occupy 1 157.23 GB. The research results are issued simultaneously on the Internet (http://www.chinese visiblehuman.Conclusion ① Review of the related literatures reveals that the thinnest thickness of the reported cross section of the visible human dataset is 0.2 mm(the thickness of the sections of the skull base of the first case of Chinese visible human reported by our research group is 0.1 mm.), and the slices consist of several thousands of serial cross sections with several millions of pixels. The data files occupy several tens of GB or more than 100 GB. However, the thickness of the cross sections of the whole body of the dataset achieved in our research is 0.1 mm. The total slices consist of 18 398 serial cross sections with the photographic resolution of 11 million pixels and the total data file reaches 1 157.23 GB. The three indexes mentioned above are elevated by 1 log unit. ② We have solved the key technical problems in data acquisition of visible human such as super thin serial cross sectioning, enormous quantity of data storing and display of tiny blood vessels.