Objective To analyze the psychological state of male nursing students in clinical practice.Method The method of qualitative research was used to interview 20 male nursing students to analyze data and come out with a theme.Results The psychological state of the male nursing students included the following three aspects:intense psychological pressure,unstable mood, low self-esteem and anxiety and depression.Conclusions Establishing nursing communication course using situational simulation and role play and inviting psychological consultants to have face-to-face communication with them for the improvement of mental conditions are good for them to complete their courses and find a nursing position in the future market?

Objective To explore the difference in the effect of isoflurane inhalation on long-term cognitive function between male and female rate.Methods Forty-two SD rats (22 female, 20 male) that exhibited normal spontaneous activity and behaved normally in passive avoidance and Morris water maze tests were used in this study. They were divided into 2 sex groups:group female (group F) and group male (group M). Each group was further divided into 2 subgroups: control subgroup (Fc, Mc groups) and isoflurane group (Fs, Ms groups). The animals were anesthetized with 3 % isoflurane in O2 for 2 h in the 2 study subgroups, while the control subgroups inhaled O2 for 2 h. The spontaneous activity test was performed at 1, 30, 60 and 90 d, while the passive avoidance task was performed at 2, 30, 60 and 90 d after isoflurane anesthesia. Morris water maze test was performed for 5 consecutive days at 3-7 d, 31-35 d, 61-65 d, and 91-95 d after isoflurane anesthesia.Results In spontaneous activity test the total distance and the speed were significantly decreased at 1 d after isoflurane anesthesia in both Fs and Ms subgroups as compared with Fc and Mc subgroups. There was no significant difference in the number of error and latency after isoflurane anesthesia compared with the control subgroups in both male and female rats in the passive avoidance task. In Morris water maze test the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly prolonged at 1 and 31 d after isoflurane anesthesia as compared with control subgroup in female rats and at 3-6d, 31-34 d and 61 d after isoflurane anesthesia as compared with control subgroup in male rats, and were significantly longer after isoflurane anesthesia in male than in female rats. Conclusion Two hour 3.0% isoflurane anesthesia can impair long-term cognitive function and the impairment is greater in male than in female rats.

ObjectiveTo investigate the difference in the effects of sevoflurane inhalation on hippocampal neuronal phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein between male and female rats.MethodsFiftyeight healthy SD rats aged 3 months weighing 180-440 g were randomly divided into 4 groups:group female control (Fc group,n ＝ 15) ; group female sevoflurane (Fs group,n ＝ 15) ; group male control (Mc group,n ＝ 14) and group male sevoflurane (Ms group,n ＝ 14).The 2 control groups (Fc group,Mc group) inhaled 95％ 02 for 2 h,while the 2 sevoflurane groups (Fs group,Ms group) inhaled 3％ sevoflurane for 2 h.The cognitive function was assessed by passive avoidance task performed on the 2nd day after sevoflurane inhalation and Morris water maze test once a day for 5 consecutive days from day 3-7 after sevoflurane.The animals were sacrificed after last cognitive function assessment test on the 7th day after sevoflurane inhalation and their brains were removed for determination of expression of hippocampal neuronal p-CREB1,Bcl-2 and caspase-8 protein expression.ResultsSevoflurane inhalation significantly increased the escape latency and swimming distance at day 3 after sevoflurane inhalation in group Fs and at days 3-6 in group Ms as compared with their control groups (Fc group,Mc group) in Morris water maze test.The escape latency and swimming distance were significantly longer at 4-6 d in Ms group than in Fs group.Sevoflurane significantly decreased p-CREB1 and Bcl-2 protein expression and increased caspase-8 expression in groups Fs and Ms as compared with their control groups (Fc group,Mc group).Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly higher in group Fs than in group Ms.ConclusionTwo hour 3 ％ sevoflurane inhalation can induce hippocampal neuronal apoptosis by down-regulating CREB1 phosphorylation and Bcl-2 expression and up-regulating caspase-8 expression.The effects are greater in male rats than in female rats.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that lung cancer stem cel s can be isolated from lung cancer cel lines. But there are few reports about in vitro isolation, culture and identification of lung cancer stem cel s in patients with lung squamous carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasible methods of harvesting lung cancer stem cel s from fresh lung cancer tissue in patients with lung squamous carcinoma.
METHODS:Side population cel s were isolated by col agenase digestion, Ficol density gradient centrifugation and Hoechst 33342 solution. The isolated cel s were suspended in conditioned medium for isolated culture. Flow cytometry method was used to detect lung cancer stem cel s based on the cel surface markers CD133 and CD44, and the positive rates of CD133+, CD44+and CD133+/CD44+cel s were recorded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Cel s adhered at 0.5 hour after incubation;typical cel colony was formed at 4 days of culture;cel s showed paving stone-shape at 7 days in a total number of 10 8. The positive rates of CD133+, CD44+and CD133+/CD44+cel s at passage 4 were increased significantly. These findings indicate that stem cel-like lung cancer cel s were obtained from fresh lung cancer tissue in patients with lung squamous carcinoma, which were stably and rapidly amplified in vitro, laying the foundation for the further study on the heterogeneity and resistance of lung cancer stem cel s in the future.

Objective To investigate the association between Metabolic syndrome and colon cancer.Methods A literature search was performed through PubMed,Ovidsp,CNKI and Wangfang Data within the time limit of January 1 990 to May 2014.Ac-cording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the studies were screened and the data were extracted.Then Meta-analysis was per-formed using Stata Statistical Software version 12.0.Results A total of 8 studies(6 cohort studies and 2 case-control studies)met the inclusion criteria.Meta analysis showed that patients with Metabolic syndrome had a higher risk of colon cancer incidence com-pared with the control group without Metabolic syndrome(OR =1.43,95%CI :1.23 - 1.66,P <0.05 ).Stratified analysis showed Metabolic syndrome had a higher risk of colon cancer incidence in male(OR=1.50,95%CI :1.22-1.84,P <0.05),but in female, this association was not found(OR=1.39,95%CI :0.98- 1.96,P =0.07).In addition,Meta analysis showed that Metabolic syn-drome was not associated with an increased risk of colon cancer mortality(OR=1.22,95%CI :0.92-1.63,P =0.1 7).Conclusion This Meta analysis indicated a positive association between Metabolic syndrome and colon cancer incidence in male,but not in fe-male.Metabolic syndrome might not be associated with an increased risk of colon cancer mortality,yet it needs more prospective co-hort studies to confirm the conclusion.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that lung cancer stem cels can be isolated from the lung cancer cel lines, But there are few reports on in vitro isolation, culture and identification of lung cancer stem cels in patients with lung squamous carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE:To establish the feasible methods of harvesting lung cancer stem cels from fresh lung cancer tissues in patients with lung squamous carcinoma, and to investigate the alterations in cel number and function during primary culture.
METHODS: Side population cels were isolated by colagenase digestion, Ficol density gradient centrifugation and Hoechst 33342 efflux properties. The isolated cels were isolated and cultured in conditioned medium. Flow cytometry method was used to detect lung cancer stem cels based on the cel surface markers CD133 and CD44, and the positive rates of CD133+, CD44+ and CD133+/CD44+ were recorded. The single cel clones assay, flat colony formation assay and the cel sphere formation assay were used to identify the stem-like characteristics of lung cancer stem cels between the first and fourth generations.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The positive rates of CD133+, CD44+ and CD133+/CD44+ cels at the fourth generation were increased significantly, and the positive rates of CD133+ and CD133+/CD44+ cels at passage 4 were significantly higher than those at the first generation. The abilities of single cel clone formation, the flat colony formation and the cel sphere formation in the fourth-generation cels were greatly enhanced compared with the first-generation cels. Experimental findings showed that stem cel-like lung cancer cels were obtained from fresh lung cancer tissue in patients with lung squamous carcinoma, which stably and rapidly amplified in vitro, laying the foundation for the further study of the heterogeneity and drug resistance of lung cancer stem cels.

Objective: To understand knowledge, attitude and behavior toward Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) among middle school students in Wuhan, in the phase of normalized control and prevention of COVID 19, so as to provide evidence for further health education. Methods: In January 2021, cluster random sampling method was used to select one middle school from Hongshan and Dongxihu District, as well as Donghu high tech zone, respectively. By using the "questionnaire star" platform, questionnaire QR code were sent to students through QQ or wechat by schools. A total of 4 531 middle school students were investigated. Results: Preventive knowledge and behavior rate was 71.5% (3 238) and 56.0% (2 537), respectively. Preventive behaviors towards COVD 19 was reported in 56.0% (2 537) of participants. Students with parents as health care workers reported higher preventive behaviors(P<0.05).Girls had a higher rate of possession of health knowledge for prevention and control than boys. Compared with "essentially no concern about the epidemic","students with less concern about the epidemic" and "those with similar concern as 2020" were more likely to have higher awareness of health knowledge for prevention and control. Compared with the first-year junior middle school students, high school students were less likely to have the rates of knowledge for prevention and control health [OR(95%CI）=1.24（1.09-1.43）,2.56(1.54-4.25),3.30(1.99-5.48),0.49(0.39-0.62),0.45(0.36-0.57),0.63(0.46-0.88)].In terms of health behavior rate, middle school students whose mothers are undergraduates, whose incomes were more than 8 001-15 000 and 15 000 yuan, "whose attention to epidemic situation has declined" , "whose attention is the same as that in 2020" , "who did not plan to study medicine before" , "who are determined to study medicine, and who plan to study medicine more firmly after epidemic situation " were more likely to have health behavior,[OR(95%CI)=1.29(1.04-1.60),1.39（1.07-1.82）,1.74(1.32-2.29),1.77(1.06-2.96),3.47(2.08-5.81)] ,The grade-2 high middle school students had lower probability of preventing and controlling health behaviors [OR(95%CI)=0.74(0.60-0.90)](P<0.05). Preventive knowledge and behaviors towards COVID 19 are mainly from school education, communication with parents and mobile learning. Conclusion Preventive knowledge and behaviors towards COVID 19 among Wuhan middle school students are needed to be improved and targeted health education should be implemented accordingly.

AIM:To observe and analyze the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass ( CPB) for 30 min on surface ultra-structure and mechanical properties of the erythrocyte membrane by atomic force microscopy (AFM).METHODS:Ten cases of elective patients in cardiac surgery were selected in the study and divided into control ( CON) group and CPB group.The central venous blood (2 mL) before surgery and 30 min after CPB was collected with heparin anticoagulation . The non-circular red blood cells were counted under a stand fluorescence microscope .AFM was used to examine the ultra-structure of the membrane surface and measure the force curve of the erythrocytes .RESULTS:The percentage of non-cir-cular red blood cells in CPB group showed no statistically significant differences as compared with CON group .AFM images showed that the significant differences of membrane surface concave and convex , evenness , particle distribution , the sur-face average roughness (Ra), the surface root mean square roughness (Rq) and cell membrane adhesion between CPB group and CON group were observed .However, the membrane deformation resilience and curve slope had no significant difference between the 2 groups.CONCLUSION:Cardiopulmonary bypass for 30 min changes the morphology and ultra-structure of the erythrocyte membrane surface , and increases the adhesion between cells .

OBJECTIVETo design a kind of adjustable triangle external fixator, and to use it for treating calcaneal fractures.

METHODSThe external fixator was installed into extremity near the both sides of three Kirschner wires crossing the calcaneal tubercle, the lower end of the tibia and the first cuneiform. The support rod length was adjusted to ensure the Kirschner wires affecting the calcaneal tubercle, so the Böhler angle and anteroposterior diameter of the calcaneus were recovered. From April in 2003 to April in 2008, the external fixators were used to treat 34 patients with calcaneal fractures, including 30 males and 4 females, ranging in age from 19 to 54 years, with an average of 36.7 years. The Böhler angles were -5 degree to 15 degree, with an average of 13.5 degrees. According to Sander's classification, 2 patients were type II, 20 patients were type III, and 12 patients were type IV.

RESULTSThirty-four patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 3 months to 4 years, averaged 25 months. The Böhler angle recovered to 30 degree to 40 degrees, with a mean of 32.5 degrees. The Maryland mean score improved from preoperative (24.76+/-15.05) to postoperative (83.26+/-16.81). Based on Maryland criteria, 8 patients got an excellent result, 21 good, 3 fair and 2 bad.

CONCLUSIONThe adjustable triangle external fixator for treating calcaneal fractures has the following advantages : simple approach, good recovery, little reinjury and complications, effectiveness to recovery Böhler angle and anteroposterior diameter of calcaneal, which is an ideal method to treat calcaneal fractures.

Adult ; Calcaneus ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; External Fixators ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Theoretical ; Radiography ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

While surgical operation is the preferred treatment for liver malignancies,the postoperative recurrence rate remains high. In the early 21 st century,Japanese scientists first reported the use of indocyanine green(ICG) in liver resection. Follow-up studies also found its potential applications such as identifying tumors,determining surgical margins,delineating segmental boundaries,and preventing bile leakage. At present,ICG fluorescence imaging is applied to some types of hepatectomy with excellent effect and is expected to assist in generating surgical strategies for liver malignancies. However,its safety and efficacy still need further studies to evaluate.