The changes of skeletal muscle mitochondral monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in rats fed with low Se grains from a Keshan-disease area were observed. The rats were killed at the time for feeding 30, 60 and 90 days respectiely. The mitochondrium of skeletal muscle was isolated MAO activity was determined with fluorescent methed. The results showed that in low-Se group the mitochondrial MAO activity was significantly decreased only at the time for 90 days feeding however GSH-px activity in red blood cells and Se content in plasma were significantly decreased at all experimental period as compared to Se-supplemented or stock died group.

OBJECTIVETo explore the reasonable therapeutic strategy for different types of epicanthus.

METHODSPatients with epicanthus were classificated according to the shape, extent and inner canthal distance and treated with different methods appropriately. Modified asymmetric Z plasty with two curve method was used in lower eyelid type epicanthus, inner canthus type epicanthus and severe upper eyelid type epicanthus. Moderate upper epicanthus underwent '-' shape method. Mild Upper epicanthus in two conditions which underwent nasal augumentation and double eyelid formation with normal inner canthal distance need no correction surgery. The other mild epicanthus underwent '-' shape method.

RESULTSA total of 66 cases underwent the classification and the appropriate treatment. All wounds healed well. During 3 to 12 months follow-up period, all epicanthus were corrected completely with natural contour and unconspicuous scars. All patients were satisfied with the results.

CONCLUSIONSClassification of epicanthus hosed on the shape, extent and inner canthal distance and correction with appropriate methods is a reasonable therapeutic strategy.

Blepharoplasty ; methods ; Cicatrix ; Eyelids ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Humans ; Nose ; surgery

Three groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were fed on low-Se diet frow Keshan disease area, Se-supplemented diet and stock diet respectively, for observing the effect of Se on mitochoadrial monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities in myocardia. The results showed that cardiac mitochondrial MAO activities in the Se-deficient group were significantly decreased as compared to both the Se-supplemented and stock diet group, and Se content in plasma and GSH-Px activity in. red blood cells also were significantly reduced at 30, 60 and 90 days of feeding. In Se-supplemented group MAO and GSH-Px activities as well as Se content were comparable to levels in the stock diet group.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate surgical outcomes and the feasibility of robotic thyroidectomy and central neck dissection (CND).

METHODSThe clinical data of 40 patients of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma underwent total thyroidectomy (or lobectomy and isthmusectomy) and CND using the Da Vinci system through axillo-bilateral-breast approach in Jinan Military General Hospital of People's Liberation Army from February to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively (robotic group). Other forty patients of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma underwent total thyroidectomy (or lobectomy and isthmusectomy) and CND by open approach were selected as the control (open group). Cosmetic satisfaction was assessed after a month postoperation by the numerical score system. t-test and χ(2) test were used to compare the clinical characters, total operative time, intraoperative estimated blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, number of lymph nodes removed, visual analogue scale for pain, postoperative complications, and cosmetic effect between the 2 groups.

RESULTSAll 80 patients were diagnosed of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. The total thyroidectomy (or lobectomy/isthmusectomy) with CND of 40 patients were successfully performed by da Vinci Si surgical system. The numbers of total thyroidectomy of robotic group and the open group were 36 and 37, respectively. The numbers of metastatic lymph nodes of robotic group and open group were 14 and 15, respectively. The operation time of the robotic group was (130±12) minutes, which was longer than that of open group (98±11) minutes (t=12.432, P<0.05). The study showed statistical significant difference between the two groups regarding the visual analog scale pain assessment (1.9±0.9 vs.3.9±1.1, t=8.900, P<0.05). There were no statistical significant difference of intraoperative estimated blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, number of lymph nodes removed, and the complication rate between the 2 groups.Postoperative cosmetic result was more satisfying on the robotic group (9.1±0.5) than open group (4.8±1.5) (t=17.200, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe robotic total thyroidectomy (or lobectomy and isthmusectomy) and CND has similar surgery safety and feasibility as open procedures. The robotic thyroidectomy is a good alternative surgical modality for patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma who wish to avoid neck scars.

Axilla ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; surgery ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Nodes ; Neck Dissection ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy ; methods

Objective: To investigate differentiation direction of hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) in cholestatic liver fibrosis (CLF), and the role of Notch signaling pathway in the differentiation of HPCs. Methods: A CLF rat model was established by bile duct ligation (BDL) followed by monitoring changes of Notch signal pathway and the cellular origin of proliferating cholangiocytes. After intraperitoneal injection of DAPT (a Notch signaling inhibitor) after bile duct ligation, the progress of liver fibrosis and the proliferation of cholangiocytes after inhibition of the Notch pathway were analyzed. Results: Data showed that bile duct proliferation gradually increased along with inflammatory cell infiltration and proliferating bile duct cells surrounded by abundant collagen in the BDL group. Immunostaining confirmed markedly increased expression of CK19, OV6, Sox9 and EpCAM. In addition, RT-PCR results showed that Notch signaling pathway was activated significantly. Once the Notch signaling pathway was inhibited by DAPT, bile duct proliferation markedly suppressed along with significantly decreased the mRNA expression of CK19, OV6, Sox9 and EpCAM, compared with BDL group [(10.2±0.7) vs. (22.3±0.8), (7.6±1.5) vs. (18.1±3.7), (1.4±0.4) vs. (4.1±1.1), (1.3±0.3) vs. (5.0±1.4), respectively, P<0.01]. Moreover, liver fibrosis was also reduced significantly. Conclusion Notch signaling activation is required for HPCs differentiation into cholangiocytes in CLF and inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway may offer a therapeutic option for treating CLF.

Objective: The Notch signaling pathway is closely related to biliary fibrosis. Previous studies have shown that Astragaloside (AS) can prevent the progression of cholestatic liver fibrosis. The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of AS on the regulation of Notch signaling pathway in biliary fibrosis. Methods: Cholestatic liver fibrosis was established by common bile duct ligation (BDL) in rats. Two weeks after BDL, the rats were randomly divided into a model group (i.e., BDL), an Astragalosides group (AS), and a sorafenib (SORA) positive control group and treated for 3 weeks. Bile duct proliferation and liver fibrosis were determined by tissue staining. Protein and gene expression were determined by immunostaining, immunoblotting and RT-PCR, respectively. Activation of the Notch signaling pathway was evaluated by analyzing expressions of Notch-1, -2, -3, -4, Jagged (JAG)1, Delta like (DLL)-1, -3, -4, Hes1, Numb and RBP-Jκ. Statistical analysis of variance analysis, q test, P < 0.05 showed that the difference was statistically significant. Results: (1) AS significantly reduced the deposition of collagen and the Hyp content of liver tissue (500.15 ± 86.10 vs. 625.72 ± 105.62, P = 0.031), and inhibited the activation of hepatic stellate cells. (2) AS significantly decreased the protein and mRNA expressions of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (1.02±0.15 vs. 1.89±0.36, P = 0.007; 1.17±0.18 vs. 1.68±0.29, P = 0.013, respectively) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA, 0.41±0.11 vs. 0.72±0.16, P = 0.003; 1.71±0.57 vs. 2.68±0.46, P = 0.008, respectively) compared with BDL group. In contrast, AS significantly enhanced expression of the Smad 7 protein compared with the BDL group (0.72±0.008 vs. 0.33±0.001, P = 0.005). AS also reduced biliary epithelial cell proliferation. AS reduced the mRNA levels of CK7, CK8 and CK18 (1.31±0.39 vs. 2.63±0.82, P = 0.009; 0.71±0.09 vs. 0.87±0.08, P = 0.031; 2.56±0.32 vs. 3.41±0.39, P = 0.010, respectively) and reduced the positive areas of CK19 and OV6 (62 337.17±21 873.38 vs. 22 5472.67±26 933.63, P = 0.000; 92 237.43±15 894.11 vs. 171 298.13±61 761.37, P = 0.000, respectively). (3) The mRNA expression of Notch-2, -3, -4 and JAG1 were significantly reduced in the AS group compared to the BDL group (1.07±0.19 vs. 1.51±0.28, P = 0.044; 0.99±0.24 vs. 1.18±0.10, P = 0.043; 1.36±0.42 vs. 3.40±0.44, P = 0.048; 2.62±0.43 vs. 3.73±0.83, P = 0.046, respectively). In contrast, the mRNA level of Numb was clearly enhanced after AS treatment (0.90±0.05 vs. 0.75±0.11, P = 0.019). In addition, consistent with the mRNA levels, the protein expressions of Notch-2, -3, -4 and JAG1 were reduced significantly (1.27±0.18 vs. 1.71±0.26, P = 0.004; 0.99±0.11 vs. 4.38±0.60, P = 0.001; 1.76±0.32 vs. 4.01±0.74, P = 0.002; 1.62±0.33 vs. 2.74±0.63, P = 0.002) and the Numb protein level was increased significantly (1.50±0.15 vs. 0.85±0.11, P = 0.001) in AS group compared with BDL group. Conclusion AS may prevent cholestatic liver fibrosis via inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the abnormal proliferation of biliary epithelial cells. Results indicate that AS may be a potential treatment for cholestatic liver disease.

Objective To evaluate the application value of golden angle radial sparse parallel(Grasp)sequence in contrast-enhanced MRI of liver.Methods The imaging data of 30 patients who underwent gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid contrast-enhanced MRI of liver were collected.With the same equipment,images were collected by Grasp sequence and breath-hold sequence separately,with an interval of less than 3 months.The subjective and objective scores of the late arterial phase and portal venous phase images were evaluated.Results There were no significant differences in all subjective scores of the late arterial phase and portal venous phase images between the two sequences(P＞0.05).The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of the late arterial phase images in the Grasp sequence was lower than that in the breath-hold sequence(148.4±52.8 vs 195.6±68.4),and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Although the SNR of the portal venous phase in the Grasp sequence was lower than that in the breath-hold sequence,the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).There was no statistical difference in the other objective scores between the two sequences(P＞0.05).Conclusion The image quality of Grasp sequence in contrast-enhanced MRI of liver can meet the diagnositic requirements,and it is suitable for patients with poor breath-hold capacity,which has important application value.

Objective To investigate the roles of three Tiao-Bu Fei-Shen Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)therapies in improving airway mucus hypersecretion in rats with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Ninety rats were divided randomly into nine groups:control(Control)group,model(COPD)group,Bu-Fei Jian-Pi Formula(BJF)group,Bu-Fei Yi-Shen Formula(BYF)group,Yi-Qi Zi-Shen Formula(YZF)group,ERK1/2 inhibitor(PD98059)group,Bu-Fei Jian-Pi combined with inhibitor(BJF+PD98059)group,Bu-Fei Yi-Shen combined with inhibitor(BYF+PD98059)group,and Yi-Qi Zi-Shen combined with inhibitor(YZF+PD98059)group.A rat model of COPD was established by exposing rats to cigarette smoke followed by repeated bacterial infection from weeks 1～8.From weeks 9～16,rats in the control and COPD groups were given 2 mL normal saline,rats in the BJF,BYF,and YZF groups were given the three Tiao-Bu Fei-Shen formulas by gavage,and rats in the PD98059,BJF+PD98059,BYF+PD98059,and YZF+PD98059 groups were given PD98059 by intraperitoneal injection for 7 days at the 16th week.Lung function tests were conducted after 16 weeks and lung tissue morphology,lung water content,inflammatory cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,and serum levels of inflammatory factors were also assessed.Goblet cell proportion was determined by Alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff staining,and Muc5AC and Muc5B expression levels were detected by immunohistochemistry.mRNA expression levels of ERK1,ERK2,ENaC,CFTR,and AQP5 were detected by polymerase chain reaction and protein expression levels of ERK1/2 and P-ERK1/2 in lung tissue were determined by Western Blot.Results TV,MV,FVC,FEV0.1,FEV0.1/FVC were significantly decreased(P＜0.01)in COPD rats compared with those in the control group.Lung pathology revealed alveolar disorder,massive fracture of the alveolar wall,and severe shrinkage/thickening of the airway wall accompanied by extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells.Lung tissue water content was significantly increased in COPD rats(P＜0.01),while the proportion of macrophages in BALF was significantly reduced(P＜0.01)and the proportions of neutrophils and lymphocytes were significantly increased(P＜0.01).Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly increased in COPD rats(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The percentage of goblet cells and expression levels of Muc5AC and Muc5B in airway epithelial cells were significantly increased(P＜0.01),mRNA expression levels of ERK1,ERK2,and ENaC in lung tissue were significantly elevated(P＜0.01),while mRNA expression levels of CFTR and AQP5 were significantly decreased(P＜0.01)in COPD rats compared with levels in the control group.The expression of P-ERK1/2,ERK1/2 in lung tissue was significantly increased(P＜0.01)Rats in the treatment groups demonstrated improvements in the above indicators(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)compared with the COPD group,the groups receiving the three Tiao-Bu Fei-Shen formulas combined with PD98059 showing superior efficacy compared with the single treatment groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusions The three tested Tiao-Bu Fei-Shen therapies can ameliorate airway mucus hypersecretion in COPD rats by inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum soluble CD155 (sCD155), soluble CD163 (sCD163) and chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:A total of 126 patients with DLBCL admitted to Handan Central Hospital from May 2018 to May 2020 (DLBCL group) and 126 healthy subjects (control group) were prospectively selected to compare serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels. According to the chemotherapy effect of DLBCL patients, they were divided into effective group and ineffective group, and the serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels were compared before and after treatment. The effective rate of chemotherapy in patients with different serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels was compared. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels and 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of DLBCL patients. Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the prognostic factors of DLBCL patients.Results:The serum levels of sCD155 and sCD163 in DLBCL group were higher than those in control group before treatment (all P<0.05). The effective rate of chemotherapy in 126 DLBCL patients in this group was 69.8%(88/126). Compared with the effective group, the serum levels of sCD155 and sCD163 were higher in the ineffective group before and after treatment (all P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels in the effective group were decreased after treatment (all P<0.05). The effective rate of DLBCL patients in sCD155 and sCD163 high level groups was lower than that in sCD155 and sCD163 low level groups (all P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 3-year OS and PFS of DLBCL patients in the low level group of sCD155 and sCD163 were higher than those in the high level group (all P<0.05). The high level of sCD155 and sCD163 were independent risk factors for 3-year PFS and OS in DLBCL patients (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Abnormal levels of serum sCD155 and sCD163 in DLBCL patients may reduce the efficacy of chemotherapy and lead to poor prognosis.

Breast cancer is one of the most serious diseases threatening women's life and health in the world, and the mortality rate is the second in the world. With the progress of nanotechnology and the advantages of nanomaterials in the field of electrochemistry and biosensor, various nanomaterials have been applied in electrochemical biosensors. This makes the electrochemical nano-biosensor in the field of rapid detection of breast cancer has been widely concerned and studied. This paper introduces the important components of electrochemical nano-biosensor for breast cancer detection and the research progress of each component in breast cancer detection, as well as the performance of electrochemical nano biosensor in breast cancer detection and the prospect of its application.
Biosensing Techniques ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Electrochemical Techniques ; Female ; Humans ; Nanostructures ; Nanotechnology