Objective To explore the effectiveness of visual feedback in retraining upper limb function after stroke.Methods Sixty-one hemiplegic stroke patients were randomly assigned to a treatment group (31 cases)which received motion training using visual feedback in addition to routine neurodevelopment treatment and a motor relearning program,and a control group (30 cases) which received only the neurodevelopment treatment and a motor relearning program.The Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and the modified Ashworth scale (MAS) were used for as-sessment before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment.Results After 4 weeks of treatment,the FMA and MAS scores of both groups had improved significantly,as had the strength of the forearm flexors.The improvements were significantly greater in the treatment group than in the control group.Conclusion Motion training with visual feed-back can alleviate upper limb spasticity after stroke significantly better than routine rehabilitation alone.

OBJECTIVE:To promote rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS: By reviewing the pertinent literature both at home and abroad, the causes of ADRs induced by Chinese medicine injections were analyzed. RESULTS: the reasons accountable for ADRs induced by Chinese medicine injections were as follows: the active ingredients in the Chinese herbal medicine; poor stability of preparation and the unreasonable preparation process; failing to follow indications in the treatment, drug incompatibility, improper dosage, improper administration and individual differences. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to strengthen monitoring in clinical application of Chinese medicine injections. Only through strictly following indications, probing into allergy history before drug use, making sure the quality of the injection is qualified, paying special attention to drug compatibility can the ADRs be greatly reduced or avoided.

At present implementation of cost accounting is necessary for hospitals to strengthen operational management, rationally allocate medical resources, adapt to competitions on the medical market, perfect the excitation mechanism, and standardize medical management. Cost accounting in Chaoyang Hospital has transformed from an imperfect stage lasting from 1997 to 1999 to a fairly perfect stage dating from 2000. As a result of the implementation of cost accounting, the awareness of costs and effects on the part of the entire staff in the hospital has been enhanced, competition for equipment, space, manpower, etc. among the various departments has been restrained, and the outcome of the hospital has been markedly improved.

BACKGROUND: In the process of bone defect repair, as their respective shortcomings, both autograft and al ograft cannot obtain satisfactory outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of soft composite materials for bone regeneration established in vitro in skul defect repair. METHODS: Soft composite materials for bone regeneration (bone morphogenetic protein 7-derived polypeptide, chitosan, nano hydroxyapatite and col agen) were established in vitro. Twenty-four Sprague-Dwley rats were enrol ed to prepare skul defect models, and were randomly equivalently divided into two groups. The rats were repaired with chitosan/nano hydroxyapatite/col agen composite materials as control group, and those repaired with soft composite materials of bone regeneration as experimental group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The soft composite material of bone regeneration exhibited a loose and porous structure and bone morphogenetic protein 7-derived polypeptide was released in a gradual y rising trend. Compared with the control group, bone mineral density of the defect region in the experimental group was higher, which was similar with that of the normal bone tissue, and additional y numerous newborn bones could be found. These results show that the soft bone regeneration composite material exerts a better repair effect in skul defect.

Objective To evaluate the value of low dose multilayer spiral CT (MSCT) threedimensional reconstruction in diagnosis of children tracheobronchial foreign body.Methods Forty-three children with tracheobronchial foreign body which was confirmed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy were enrolled,and all of the children underwent low dose MSCT three-dimensional reconstruction.The volume data were reconstructed on work station (Siemens) with the techniques of multiple plane reformation (MPR),curved planar reconstruction (CPR),minimum intensity projection (MinIP),volume rendering (VR),CT virtual bronchoscopy (CTVB),and the results of MSCT were compared with fiberoptic bronchoscopy.Results The fiberoptic bronchoscopy results were used as the localization and qualitative diagnosis results.Locations of the foreign body were trachea and bifurcation of trachea (6 cases),right bronchus (23 cases) and left bronchus (14 cases),and the coincidence rate of localization diagnosis of MSCT was 100％ (43/43).Natures of the foreign body were nuts in 21 cases,beans in 5 cases,corn in 2 cases,fruits and vegetables in 6 cases,and other kinds in 4 cases.Qualitative diagnosis by MSCT was medium density foreign body,and the coincidence rate was 100％ (38/38).Five cases had bone mass,qualitative diagnosis by MSCT was high density bony foreign body,and the coincidence rate was 5/5.In 43 children,MPR (CPR) showed 41 cases (95.3％),CTVB showed 33 cases (76.7％),MinIP showed 34 cases (79.1％),VR showed 23 cases (53.5％),and axial scan showed 21 cases (48.8％).MPR (CPR) in showing foreign body rate was higher than other several postprocessing methods,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in the showing of foreign body between CTVB and MinIP (P ＞ 0.05),but CTVB and MinIP were higher than VR and axial scan,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Low dose MSCT three-dimensional reconstruction is satisfactory in the diagnosis of children tracheobronchial foreign body.It can accurately evaluate the exact size,location,shape and pulmonary complications of foreign body,thus it plays an important role in the diagnosis of suspicious tracheobronchial foreign body.

Objective To study the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on neural function and brain cell apoptosis in rats after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Methods Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and EPO group with 24 in each group.A rat model of asphyxial cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was established.The neurological functions were assessed using neurological deficit score (NDS) 12 h and 24 h after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.The expressions of the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and caspase-3 mRNA in cerebral cortex tissue were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at 0 h,12 h,and 24 h,respectively.Results Compared with the DNS scores in the control group (12 h:(60.00± 3.38) ;24 h:(54.50±2.56),respectively),12 h and 24 h NDS scores were (70.50±4.04) and (65.88±2.64) in EPO group after cardiopulmonary resuscitation,and the difference was statistically different (P＜0.01).The AIF mRNA expression levels of 12 h (1.31±0.26) and 24 h (1.87±0.17) after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in EPO group were obviously lower than those in the control group (12 h:(1.88 ± 0.18),24h:(2.71 ± 0.24),respectively),and the differences were statistically different (P＜0.01).The Caspas-3 mRNA expression levels of 12 h (1.49± 0.15) and 24 h (1.56±0.10) after cardiopuhmonary resuscitation in EPO group were obviously lower than those in the control group (12 h:(1.68± 0.10),24h:(1.84 ± 0.16),respectively),and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).Conclusion EPO can reduce AIF and caspase-3 mRNA transcription,reduce apoptosis in cortical neurons caused by the cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation,and therefore improve brain function.

Du meridian is one of the eight extra meridians, having the functions of defending pathogenic factors,inducing diaphoresis to dispel cold, warming the viscera and bowels, elevating the pure yang, promoting the flow qi by warming channels, promoting blood circulation to stop pain, clearing heat by dredging du meridian, treating carbuncle and malaria, dredging du meridian to treat encephalic disease, nourishing brain and nourish marrow, benefiting intelligence and spirit, waking up patient from unconsciousness, relieving convulsion, calming the nerves, stopping endogenous wind, calming the spirit. Moreover it also has the functions of sectional treatment and antidotal health care. Du meridian is widely used clinically in treating many kinds of diseases.

The authors first describe the concept and connotation, origin and functions of clinical pathways and then give an account of the selection of disease groups or cases in clinical pathways and the formulation of means and procedures. They argue that in the implementation of clinical pathways, reform of the manner of hospital payment is the driving force, transformation of physicians idea of service is the key, and coordination and cooperation between various departments is the guarantee.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the hypotensive effect of Urapidil in operation on patients with fundus oculi disease accompanying hypertension.METHODS:Urapidil was injected iv first and then dripped.The SP,DP and heart rate were ob?served at given times and ECG was monitored.RESULTS:The total effective rate was95.1%,average SP decreased43.97mmHg(P

BACKGROUND: Being a kind of anti-oxidizing agent, vitamin E has the function of eliminating free radical and reducing the free radical injury of antioxidant enzyme in sports, which can alleviate appearance of fatigue and improve sports ability. OBJECTIVE: Though the intervention of vitamin E upon exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), the study was designed to investigate the effect of vitamin E on the morphology of EIMD and to provide the experimental basis of research on morphology and mechanism of EIMD. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized block animal experiment was performed in the Key Laboratory of General Administration of Sport of China in Shenyang Sport University and the Microelectronic Laboratory of Chinese Medical University from May to October 2007. MATERIALS: A total of sixteen male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, exercise, normal saline, and vitamin E groups. METHODS: The rats in the vitamin E group was administered (i.p.) 1-1.2 mg/kg vitamin E capsules once every eight hours four times one day before experiment, and the amount of injecting volume was 4 mL/kg. The rats in the normal saline group were administered (i.p.) normal saline with same volume and time. The rats in the exercise group only took some exercises without administering vitamin E or normal saline. The rats in the control group received not any intervention and treatment. The injury model was established by taking a bout of exhaustive downhill running. The triceps brachii muscles extracted from the right side of rats after exercise were prepared for electron microscope specimens. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The arrangement of myofibrils and sarcomeres, the changes of Z-line, and the morphology changes of cell membranes, nucleus, mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, transverse tubule, and satellite cells were observed. RESULTS: In the vitamin E group, the muscular ultrastructures of EIMD were improved obviously. Though the sarcoplasmic reticulum showed edema, the regular arrangement of myofibrils was observed. The light and dark zone of Z-line and nucleus appeared clearly. CONCLUSION: Supplement of vitamin E could decrease the muscular morphological changes of EIMD after eccentric exercise. The arrangement of myofibrils was more regular and sarcomeres appeared more clearly. The function might relate to the antioxidation and promoting synthesis of proteins of vitamin E.