1. Effects of air pollution on infant’s birth-weight in Ulaanbaatar city in 2012
Gantuya D ; Angarmurun D ; Chimedsuren O ; Undram L ; Munkh-Erdene ; Batbayar A
Innovation 2014;8(3):60-63
BACKGROUNDAir pollution issue has become the largest problem of Ulaanbaatar city in the last decade affecting health and wellbeing of its citizens. Air pollution levels are increasing considerably in winter as a result of coal burning by city dwellers living in ger areas. Our study purpose was to survey the impact of air pollution on infant health of Ulaanbaatar city in 2012.METHODSData of 7484 on births at Khan-Uul and Sukhbaatar districts residence mothers and infants of Ulaanbaatar city from 2012 and corresponding daily air pollution level data (CO, NO2, SO2 and PM10) from the Ulaanbaatar city air quality monitoring stations were used.RESULTSAir pollution levels in Ulaanbaatar city significantly affect birth outcomes. Exposure to high levels of СО2 of during the third trimester of pregnancy reduces newborn’s weight. Exposure to NO2 is not influencing to newborn’s weight. Mothers who lived in more polluted area during pregnancy period more likely had baby reduced weight in 44 grams.
2.Maternal smoking during pregnancy of risk factor avascular necrosis of the femoral head disease
Otgonchimeg T ; Naranbat L ; Budee B ; Otgonsaikhan N ; Erdenbileg A ; Jargalsaikhan B ; Zulai D ; Gantuya D
Innovation 2020;14(2):40-45
Purpose:
The etiology of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) remains unknown until today. A few
studies have suggested passive smoke inhalation may be a risk factor, although the association
is not confirmed and a causal relationship has not been established. Most mothers who smoke
during pregnancy may continue smoking after giving a birth, it would be difficult to determine
to what extent passive smoke inhalation adds to the risk of LCPD in these children. The causes
of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease are largely unknown, but this pediatric disease seems to result
from interruption of the blood supply to the proximal femur and is considered a vascular disease.
Because maternal smoking during pregnancy influences fetal development and is associated
with cardiovascular diseases in offspring, we hypothesized that this exposure and passive Tabaco
smoke exposure are risk factors for Legg-Calve-Perthes disease and also investigated other
markers of impaired fetal development and early-life exposures.
Methods:
We prospectively recruited total 96 patients, among those 32 patients with LCPD as
a case group and 64 patients attending the hospital for other orthopedic complaints as control
group. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the association between the exposures
and risk of LCPD.
Results:
The main risk factors for LCPD were family background, indoor use of a wood stove,
having a family member who smoked indoors (passive smoke) and smoke during pregnancy.
Children from the middle socioeconomic group appeared to be at a greater risk of developing
LCPD.
Conclusions
This study provides further evidence that environmental tobacco smoke is
associated with an increased risk of LCPD. Family background and exposure to wood smoke
also appears to be risk factors. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and other factors indicated
by impaired fetal development may be associated with an increased risk of Legg-Calvé-Perthes
disease. However, it remains unclear why there are profound differences in the incidence of
the disease between regions when the prevalence of smoking is comparable and why bilateral
involvement is infrequent, and it needs further study.
3.Significance of evaluation of D-dimer in COVID-19 patient: Case report
Bayarjavkhlan Ch ; Battulga Ch ; Buyanjargal E ; Byambalkham B ; Jargal-Erdene B ; Naranmandakh D ; Munkhsaikhan B ; Munkhbat T ; Oyungerel S ; Enkhnomin O ; Gantuya L ; Ulziitsetseg Ts
Health Laboratory 2021;14(2):23-32
Introduction:
Coronavirus infection 2019 (Ковид-19) is an infection caused by a novel virus and induces severe ARDS. КОВИД-19 pandemic has rapidly spreaded in 221 countries, 245,373,039 cases and 4,979,421 mortalities have been reported. Pulmonary and renal thrombotic angiopathy occur in patients with complications of ARDS, sepsis, and multi-organ failure. Elevated D-dimer in КОВИД-19 patients has been reported firstly by doctors in Wuhan, China. In addition, many studies have revealed that elevated D-dimer has been associated with the severity of the diseases, an increased rate of poor prognosis.
Objective:
We aim to determine D-dimer in КОВИД-19 patients, and patient condition a decrease of D-dimer level after administration of anticoagulant therapy.
Case report:
We introduce a rare case of КОВИД-19. Laboratory test results and the effect of anticoagulant therapy have been evaluated during the infection. 85 aged women were admitted with a diagnosis other than КОВИД-19. PCR for SARS-Cov-2 was negative on the previous day of admission, and Sars-Cov-2 Ag rapid test was also negative on the admission day. However, the D-dimer test result was much higher with 7120 ng/мл and X-ray and CT revealed a similar pattern to the КОВИД-19 patient. Then anti-Sars-Cov-2 test was positive with 4,08 COI. Based on laboratory test results of D-dimer, LDH, CRP, and CT pattern the patient was diagnosed with post-КОВИД-19 pneumonia, and anticoagulant therapy was initiated additionally to prevent hypercoagulation induced by КОВИД-19. D-dimer test taken before administration of anticoagulant therapy increased more to 10910 ng/мл. 3 days later D-dimer level decreased to 8180ng/мл and the patient’s condition was improved.
Conclusion
The evaluation of D-dimer of the patients with КОВИД-19 is highly significant. Anticoagulant therapy might be necessary for КОВИД-19 patients with high D-dimer level in serum. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term outcome of the illness and mortality.