Objective To study the value of tumor markers of CA153,CEA and CA125 in nipple discharge of breast intraductal papillary leision on detection of breast carcinoma.Methods 154 cases of breast intraductal papillary leision with nipple discharge were studied.Among them there were 58 cases with breast intraductal papillary carcinoma and 96 cases with intraductal papilloma.The nipple discharged and serum from the 154 cases were collected and CA153,CEA and CA125 levels were measured both in nipple discharge and serum with electrochemiluminescence method,and were compared with the results of ER,PR,HIF-1α and Ki-67 detected by SP method in breast tissue.Results The CA153,CEA and CA125 levels of nipple discharge in intraductal papillary carcinoma [(130.1 1±29.62) U/ml,(89.23±28.94) ng/ml,(41.29±16.61) U/ml]were significantly higher than those of the contrast groups,and had a positive correlation with the Ki-67,HIF-1αand lymphnode metastas (P ＜ 0.05),and negative correlation with the level of ER,PR and Her-2 (P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of CA153,CEA or CA125 in nipple discharge (62.07 ％,46.55 ％,55.17 ％) were significantly higher than that in serum (P ＜ 0.05).The sensitivity of the combined detection of the three tumor markes both in discharge and serum was 96.55 ％,and the negative predictive value was 97.30 ％,which were significantly higher than that in other detection (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The positive rate of CA153,CEA and CA125 in nipple discharge were significantly higher than that in serum.The dynamic combined detection of CA153,CEA and CA125 both in nipple discharge and in serum could increase the diagnosis rate of breast intraductal papillary carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the barium meal radiography and CT scans in diagnosing malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) of small intestine. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 16 patients with GISTs of small intestine which were diagnosed surgically and pathologically were analyzed and summarized. In this group CT scan and gastrointestinal barium exam(GI) was performed. Results The tumors included 6 low-malignant GISTs of small intestine and 10 high-malignants. The diameter varied from 3.2 cm to 7.2 cm, the average size was 5.6 cm. The main signs of barium meal of malignant GIST of small intestine included flattened or destroyed mucosa runae, partial lumen stenosis, and barium fleck and fistula in the tumor. On CT scans, the main manifestation was an extraluminal mass with multiple necrosis areas of low density. Conclusion Barium examination and helical CT scan are the major imaging techniques in the determination of the location of GIST of small intestine. The appearance of imperfect lumen and the irregular tumor with multiulcerations or low density regions and inhomoneneous enhancement may lead to the correct diagnosis of malignant GIST.

Objective To study the relationship between clinical-biological significance and the expression of CD44v6 and Survivin in multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to investigate the expression of CD44v6 and Survivin in 47 cases of multifocal PTC and adjacent tissues, and 122 cases of single focal PTC tissues. The expression of CD44v6 and Survivin and the risk factors among different clinical factors were analyzed between solitary PTC and multifocal PTC group. Results Tumor foci were found in 27.8 % (47/169) patients. The patients with multifocal were characterized by a higher ratio of family history of thymid tumor, lymph node metastasis and extra-thymidal extension (χ2 = 4.189, 6.159, 4.079, P ＜0.05), and not related with sex, age, size and the number of the tumors (P ＞0.05).The positive rates of CD44v6 and Survivin were 70.2 % (33/47) and 66.0 %(31/47), respectively, in multifocal PTC, both of which were significantly higher than that in nodular goiter,Hashimoto' s thyroiditis and normal thyroid tissues (χ2 =47.184, P ＜0.05). Overexpressions of CD44v6 and Survivin in multifocal PTC were related to the degree of the infiltration(χ2 = 4.723, P =0.030; χ2 =4.023,P =0.045) and lymph node metastasis (χ2 =5.771, P =0.016; χ2 =5.686, P =0.017), and not related with sex,age, family history and the number of the tumors (P ＞0.05).The expression of CD44v6 was correlated positively with Survivin (r =0.514, χ2 =10.15, P ＜0.01).There was no significant difference in expressions of CD44v6 and Survivin between multifocal and single focal PTC (P ＞0.05).By the sept.2010, the patients with single and mutiple focal PTC were all survival.Conclusion Multifocus is one of the clinical features of PTC.The high expressions of CD44v6 and Survivin in multifocal PTCs relate to the development, invasion and metastasis.

Objective To explore the clinical value of combined detection of CA15-3, TSGF, OPN and CA125 in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Methods The serum specimens from 187 patients with breast cancer (cancer group) were collected, tumor markers CA15-3 and CA125 were detected with electrochemiluminescence method, TSGF was detected with chemocolorimetry, and OPN was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Compared with 50 cases of patients with benign breast disease (control group), The relationship between these marker and clinical stage, recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer were analyzed. Results The serum levels of CA15-3, CA125, TSGF and OPN in cancer group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜0.05). Four markers in high clinical stage(Ⅲ and Ⅳ stage)[(83.21±28.67), (89.13±32.34), (278.66±137.23) U/ml and (97.4±11.7) ng/ml, respectively] were higher than those in low stage( Ⅰ and Ⅱ stage) [(60.03±19.35), (58.21±17.56), (155.79±113.11) U/ml and (77.5±10.81) ng/ml,respectively] (P ＜0.05), and those in lymphnode metastasis patients and in recurrence patients were significantly higher than those in corresponding groups (P ＜0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of the combined detection of four tumor markers were 96.3 % (180/187) and 80.0 % (40/50), respectively. The average time of combined detection of serum tumor markers was 2 months ahead of the mammographic features in the recurrence patients with breast cancer. Conclusion The dynamic combined detection of CA15-3, TSGF, OPN and CA125 are better markers for monitoring recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer,which are benefit to early diagnosis and interference.

Objective To study the clinicopathology characteristics of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thymiditis, HT) with occult papillary thyroid carcinoma (occult PTC) in order to improve its diagnostic and therapeutic accuracy. Methods A restrospective analysis was done on the clinical materials of 28 cases of HT with occult PTC from July 1999 to July 2005. All cases were confirmed by operation and pathologic biopsy. Clinical and gross findings were collected. All HE slides were reexamined and immunostains for CK19, galectin-3,and bcl-2 were performed (Envision method). Results In total 189 cases of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis,28cases (14.8%,28/189)had coexistent occult papillary thyroid carcinoma. There were 19 females and 9 males with median age of 36.7 years old. Normal TSH presented in 11cases (39.3%), high in 8 cases(28.6%), and low in 9cases (32.1%). All tumor diameter was counted for <0.8 cm, 16 cases (57.1%) tumor diameter 0.2～0.5 cm, 12 cases (42.9%) >0.5 cm. Coarse calcification was seen in 6 cases(21.4%) in color ultrasonic exam and CT scans. Follow-up data showed that 28 patients were all alive with no evidence of recurrence or metastasis for 2 to 7 years by December 2007. Conclusion There are no special clinical characteristics in coexistent HT with occult PTC.Coarse calcification in HT in the group of middle-aged women increase the likelihood of the diagnosis. But the diagnosis depends on pathology. Because of the high incidence of occult PTC in HT population, it would be necessary to keep an eye on this particular type of thyroid carcinoma, and multiple sampling in suspected area of HT specimen is advised in the hope not to miss any small tumor in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE:To develop an HPLC method for the determination of Tanshinone ⅡA in Lianchuang pills. METHODS:The chromatographic separation was performed on Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 (250mm?4.6mm,5?m) column with column temperature at 25℃. The mobile phased consisted of methanol-water (75∶25) at a flow rate of 1.0mL?min-1.The detection wavelength was set at 270nm.RESULTS:The linear range of Tanshinone ⅡA was 0.020 2～0.202 0?g(r=0.999 9).The average recovery was 99.79%(RSD=1.01%,n=6). CONCLUSION:The method is simple, rapid and accurate, and it could be used for the quality control of Lianchuang pills.

Objective To study the clinicopathological characteristics of hepatobiliary cystic neoplasms(cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma)in order to improve its diagnostic and therapeutic accuracy.Methods A retrospective analysis was done on the clinical materials of 9 cases of cystic biliary tumors hospitalized in the People's Hospital of Rizhao City from May 1993 to May 2007.All cases were confirmed by operation and pathologic biopsy.Results Six cases were biliary cystadenoma with muhilocular cyst.The other three cases were biliary cystadenocarcinoma,two with single cyst and one with multilocular cyst.Of the three cystadenocarcinorna,two cases had mural nodules and one case had papillary excrescences and cystic wall thickening.Irregular thickening of internal sept.was shown in the multilocular cyst cases.Two had calcification.Enhancement of the wall.internal septa and nlasses were seen in all the malignant tumors on CT scans. Metastatic lymph node was found in one cage. Conclusion There were no special clinical characteristics in difierentiation between hiliary cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma. Single cyst, mural nodules and papillary excrescences,irregular thickening of cystic wall and internal septa,coarse calcification and metastatic lymph node increase the likelihood of the diagnosis of the malignant tumors.But the diagnostic differentiation between cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma depends on pathology.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the identification of four chemicals-Ephedrina Hydrochloridum,prednisone acetate,codeine phosphate and dexamethasone acetate in antiasthmatic and antitussive Chinese patent medicine.METHODS:With Kening capsule(an antitussive) as positive control,the chemicals which were illegally added into the antiasthmatic and antitussive Chinese patent medicine were determined by HPLC with octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as loading agent.RESULTS:Under the same chromatographic condition,the four chemicals could all be detected.CONCLUSION:The method is simple,practical and specific,and it can be applied to detect the illegally added chemicals in antiasthmatic and antitussive Chinese patent medicine.

OBJECTIVETo study the acireductone dioxygenase (designated as SmARD) gene of Salvia miltiorrhiza through bioinformatics and characterization of its tissue expression and response expression on stress in shoot.

METHODSmARD gene was obtained by sequencing cDNA library constructed by us. BLAST was used for alignment, ORF finder software was applied to find open reading frame, prosite was used to analyze the protein characterization. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the gene expression level.

RESULTThe full -length cDNA of SmRAD was 688 bp long with a 591 bp ORF (open reading frame) that putatively encoded a polypeptide of 196 amino acids; with a predicted molecular mass of 23.27 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence of SmRAD of gene shared high homology with other known RADs. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that SmRAD was constitutively expressed in roots, stems, flower and leaves of S. miltiorrhiza, with the high expression in roots. In addition, SmRAD expression level under different stress condition was also analyzed in root, including signaling components for plant defence responses, such as methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid and ABA, as well as drought, cold and salt abiotic stress. The expression of SmRAD was suppressed by water deficit treatment for 3 d, 150 mmol x L(-1) NaCl, 4 degrees C cold and 100 mmol x L(-1) ABA treatment for 1 d, but induced by 100 mmol x L(-1) MJ and 10 mmol x L(-1) ETH.

CONCLUSIONA novel SmARD gene was cloned from S. miltiorrhiza. This study will enable us to further understand the role of SmARD in the defense response under different abiotic stress and in synthesis of active cmpounds in S. miltiorrhiza at molecular level.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dioxygenases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Roots ; genetics ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Stress, Physiological