0.05).The maximum deviation on the liver was 4.49%.The CT value error of each tissue and organ was less than 5%between phantom and human, which is reaching the standard of experiment.Conclusion:The Chinese anthropomorphic chest phantom can be used to study of low-dose CT based on objective evaluation criteria.

Disability insurance is one of main component of isurance. This paper made comparison of disability standard of insurance among some countries and regions and drawn serveal chracteristics. With the review of Chinese Disability Standard for Insurance (1998 version),implications and strategies had been proposed for further revision.

SHP-1 is the protein tyrosine phosphatase which is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of hematopoietic-derived cells,and it is the key factor to change the levels of intracellular phosphorylation.SHP-1 can generate different intracellular signals in different cells,and it can play various functions.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Foot Diseases ; therapy ; Garlic ; chemistry ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Warts ; therapy ; Young Adult

This paper introduces the risk classification and listing way of medical devices in the United States, and according to the contents in various situations, FDA provides the requirements for clinical evaluation. At the same time, through the comparative study on the similarities and differences between USA and our country of the clinical evaluation, the paper puts forward some suggestions.
Equipment and Supplies ; standards ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration

Ear, Middle ; pathology ; Female ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell ; pathology ; Humans ; Mastoiditis ; pathology ; Middle Aged

Dental Impression Materials ; Disinfection

Perineural invasion(PNl) is regarded as a factor associated with local recurrence and an important prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer.Little is known about the mechanism of PNI in Pancreatic cancer.This review summarizes the role of innervation, clinicopathologic factors, lymhatic vessels, vascularity, cytokines, adhesion molecules, some immunoglobulin superfamily members and mucin in PNI.Because PNI is often followed by poor survival.An ear-lier diagnosis can improve pancreatic cancer prognosis.IPEUS,CT scan and immunostaining CK-19, K-ras gene a-nalysis can be used to diagnose perineural invasion pre-, in-tra-or postoperatively.A wide surgical exeresis with an enough lymph nodes clearance together with surrounding connective and nervous tissue can get a better long term survival rate.

Objective To examine the expression of lipoxygenases (LOXs)on human pancreatic carcinoma and their effects on proliferation and apoptosis of human pancreatic carcinoma in vitro.Methods Expression of 5- LOX and 12-LOX in the tissue of human pancreatic carcinoma and pancreatic cancer cell line (SW1990) was detected by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR.To examine the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on pancreatic cancer cell line,the proliferation rate of SW1990 cells treated with arachidouic acid (AA),docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentenoic acid (EPA) was analyzed by MTT and the incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) methods.An annexinV/propidium iodide (PI) assay with flow cytometry and in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin end labeling (TUNEL) assay were used to identify potential induction of apoptosis by the unsaturated fatty acids.The effects of 5-LOX inhibitor (MK-886) and 12-LOX inhibitor (baicalein) on the proliferation of SW1990 cells were determined by above methods.Results Both 5-LOX and 12-LOX were over expressed in the tissue of human pancreatic carcinoma and the pancreatic cancer cell line.AA had a stimulatory effect on the growth of SW1990 cells while EPA and DHA had an inhibitory effect in a dose-dependent manner.The apeptosis of SW1990 cells co-cultured with DHA or EPA lasting for 24 hours was increased markedly.Furthermore, both MK-886 and baicalein in a dose-dependent-manner inhibited the growth of SW1990 cells ard induced a significant increase of apoptotic cells rate.Conclusions Expression of lipoxygenase is up-regulated in human pancreatic cancer. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have regulatory effects on the growth of pancreatic carcinoma in vitro.AA stimulates proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell line,while DHA and EPA suppress proliferation,simultaneously inducing apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell line.Blocking the functions of lipoxygenase with its inhibitor exerts a negative regulatory effect on the growth of pancreatic carcinoma in vitro.Lipoxygenase might be a novel therapeutic target for the pancreatic cancer.

Objective To evaluate the techniques and effects of post-operational surgery of colorectal cancer for metastatic tumor on caudate lobe of liver. Methods For the patients admitted from Jan. 1999 to Jan. 2007 to the Navy General Hospital of PLA and undergone metastasectomy on caudate lobe of liver after colorectal cancer operation, the operative procedure and effects were studied retrospectively. Results A total of 18 cases of metastasectomy on caudate lobe of liver were successfully performed. The mean diameter of the metastases was 6.3cm (3.2-11.3cm). The types of operation included total caudate lobectomy (6 cases), total caudate lobectomy combined with extended hepatectomy (9 cases) and partial caudate lobectomy (3 cases). The mean operative time was 198min (154-360min) and the average intraoperative blood loss was 975ml (400-3250ml). No intraoperative death occurred, while the remarkable complications were found in 5 cases (27.8%). The survival rates of follow up for 1, 3 and 5 years were 83.3%, 61.1% and 27.8%, respectively. Conclusions The metastases on caudate lobe of liver after colorectal carcinoma resection usually involve all the hepatic portals. Surgical resection, though sophisticated in technique, remains to be a safe and effective treatment, and the first choice for treating metastases.