The multi drug resistance(MDR) of tumor cells has become a difficult problem in the chemotherapy of tumor, meanwhile, the mechanism of MDR are various:relevant drugs with reversal effects have been discovered. This review will provide the most impossible mechanisms of MDR and some prospecting reversal drugs.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetic features of Fagopyrum tataricum total flavonoids. METHODS:6 Beagle dogs were intragastrically given single dose of 80 mg F.tataricum total flavonoids (with content of quercetin at 1.2% and the content of eldrin at 24.7%). HPLC-UV spectrophotometry was adopted to determine the content of total quercetin in the hydrolyzed plasma samples. RESULTS:Taking the total quercetin as the index of the pharmacokinetic features of the F. tataricum total flavonoids in the Beagle dogs,the main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:AUC0→t:(9.92?1.49)?g?h?mL-1;AUC0→∞:(10.81?1.86)?g?h?mL-1;Cmax:(1.07?0.19)?g?mL-1. CONCLUSION:The pharmacokinetics of the F.tataricum total flavonoids in the Beagle dogs conforms to two-compartment model,and the concentration-time curves are characterized by multiple peak pharmacokinetics.

Pioglitazone treatment significantly improved the euglycemic clamp-determined insulin sensitivity (IS), raised adiponectin level, decreased TNF-α and FFA levels in rats with obese and hyperglycemia.

Objective To review the diagnosis and causes of iatrogenic injury to the distal choledochus at operation. Method The case notes of the patients with bile duct injuries that were treated in my Department from 1990.2-2005.2 were reviewed. Results To detect distal bile duct injuries, a sound in the bile duct had an accuracy rate of 95 % while injection of water into the bile duct to detect leakage had an accuracy rate of 100%. Using a long arm T tube in the common bile duct was an effective method to treat the injury. In 18 patients with an average follow-up time of 20. 8 months, the results were satisfactory. Conclusions Injecting water into the bile duct to diagnose distal common bile duct injury at operation was an effective way to detect distal bile duct injury. Adequate exposure of the opeative field is the best method to prevent bile duct injury.

Aged ; Bronchogenic Cyst ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Infection ; complications ; Mediastinal Cyst ; complications

Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; genetics ; prevention & control ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; genetics ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Phytotherapy ; Presenilin-1 ; genetics

Biological Clocks ; Genetic Therapy ; Heart Diseases ; therapy ; Humans ; Stem Cell Transplantation

Objective To observe the value of the corresponding solutions for MRI static magnetic field artifacts after analyzing their generating mechanism.Methods Different solutions was used to eliminate static magnetic field artifacts,such as improving inner and outer background,calibrating software and hardware,editing parameters,instructing patients,etc.in scanning patients or phantom with Siemens Impact 1.0T and GE Signa 1.5T MR by the use of SE or GRE sequences.Results Static magnetic field artifacts were controlled to different extent and the quality of the mass MR images were improved.Conclusion Most static magnetic field artifacts can be eliminated completely or reduced by using corresponding solutions,so more corrective information can be provided to clinic.

Humans ; Nasal Septum ; abnormalities ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical feature and treatment of extracranial and intracranial complications caused by otitis media. METHOD: Three hundred and twenty patients of acute and chronic otitis media were admitted to our department between 2005 and 2014. Among them, 34 patients were diagnosed with extracranial and intracranial complications. The clinical features and treatment outcome were retrospectively studied. Of the 34 patients associated with complications, 25 had a single complication,8 had two complications and 1 had three complications. Complications included labyrinthitis in 14 cases, facial paralysis in 11, postauricular subperiosteal abscess in 6, Bezold abscess in 1, thrombophlebitis of sigmoid sinus in 2, otitis meningitis in land otogenic brain abscess in 8. RESULT: Thirty-three patients were cured or improved and 1 patient died. CONCLUSION Due to the widespread use of antibiotics, the clinical manifestations of extracranial and intracranial complications of otitis media become more hidden and atypical. The surgery is the primary treatment method.
Brain Abscess ; complications ; Chronic Disease ; Facial Paralysis ; complications ; Humans ; Labyrinth Diseases ; complications ; Mastoiditis ; complications ; Meningitis ; complications ; Otitis Media ; complications ; physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome