Objective To establish the role of hypothalamic neuroendocrine nuclei in neuroimmunomodulation,peripheral immune challenge\|linduced changes of immune cytokine receptor expression in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN) and supraotic nucleus(SON) were studied. Methods Following LPS or SEB was administered intraperitoneally,the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) of splenic cells and IL\|1 receptor type Ⅰ in PVN and SON were observed by using immunocytochemistry.Double fluorescent labeling technique was used to determine the relationship of IL\|1 receptor type Ⅰ co\|expressions with arginine vasopressin or oxytocin. Results 1.Compared with the controls,the expression of PCNA of mouse splenic cells was significantly enhanced by LPS or SEB ( P

Objective To study the expressions of IL-1 receptor type Ⅰ(IL-1RI) mRNA and IL-1? protein in the rat carotid body. Methods In situ hybridization,immunofluorescence double staining and Western blotting methods were used. Results The result of in situ hybridization showed that the positive signal of IL-1? mRNA was mainly located in the glomus cells of the carotid body.The result of immunofluorescence double staining showed that IL-1? protein also expressed in the glomus cells of the organ.The Western blotting proved that the IL-1? immunoreactive band appeared at 18kD,consistent with the molecular weight of the cytokine.Conclusion The glomus cells of the rat carotid body not only express IL-1RI mRNA,but also IL-1?.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and αl-adrenergic antagonist on treating patients with ureteral stones.Methods A total of 128 patients with ureteral colic due to ureteral stones were randomly divided into control and treatment group,and 64 cases in each group.Both two groups were treated with tamsulosin 0.4 mg oral,intravenous injection of saline 1000 mL Patients in treatment group were received intramuscular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(10 mg) and patients in control group were received pethidine hydrochloride(10 mg).Ultrasound exam were performed after 6-8 h to evaluate the stone expulsive rate.Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and other treatment were underwent when the stone was still not discharge.Results The effective rate of analgesia was 96.9％ (62/64) in treatment group and 100％ (64/64) in control group(x2 =2.03,P =0.50).The stone expulsion rate in treatment group was 28.1％ (18/64),higher than that in control group(12.5％ (8/64),x2 =4.83,P =0.05).Conclusion It is effective to relive ureteral cohc with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs only,and it is better than pethidine in promote stone expulsion when they both used with α1-adrenergic antagonist.

Objective To determine whether there is correlation between intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis in patients with ischemic stroke,and to understand the difference of the main risk factors between them.Methods One hundred and sixty-eight patients with symptomatic ischemic stroke were selected in order to analyze the correlation and risk factors of intracranial arterial stenosis and extracranial arterial stenosis.Results In the 168 cases,123 patients(73.2%)were with abnormal artery(include intimal thickening)and 100 patients(59.5%)were diagnosed with artery stenosis,including 33 cases of intracranial artery stenosis,48 cases of extracranial artery stenosis and 19 cases of intracranial and extracranial stenosis.The rate of extracranial artery stenosis(39.9%)was higher than that of intracranial artery stenosis(31.0%),but there was no significant difference between them(χ2 =2.93,P=0.11).There was no definite correlation between them(χ2 =0.35,P=0.61)and there were statistically significant differences in age and arterial pressure between patients with intracranial and mean extracranial artery stenosis(t=1.98,P=0.05;t=5.42,P<0.001),but the gender,blood pressure,blood glucose and dyslipidemia rate showed no significant difference (χ2 =1.15,3.41,0.43,0.81,P>0.05).Conclusion Extracranial arterial stenosis may not predict the possibility of intracranial arterial stenosis,and extracranial arterial stenosis may be more likely to cause ischemic stroke.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of transthoracic minimally invasive patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occlusion in infants and young children.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 105 infants and young children who received the transthoracic minimally invasive PDA occlusion in our hospital from 2012-10 to 2014-10. According to PDA diameter, patients were divided into 2 groups:Group A, the patients with PDA diameter ≥ 4 mm,n=64 and group B, the patients with 2 mm ≤ PDA diameter < 4 mm,n=41. All patients received the left third parasternal intercostal incision under suprasternal echocardiography guidance. The operative effect was evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography, and the follow-up study was performed at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months period and then annually after the operation by echocardiography.
Results: All 105 patients had successfully implanted PDA occluders. The patients’ gender, age, body weight, tracheal intubation time and the in-hospital time were similar between 2 groups,P>0.05. Compared with Group B, Group A had the larger diameters of PDA (5.7 ± 1.4) mm vs (2.7 ± 0.6) mm, P<0.001, PDA occluders (10.6 ± 1.8) mm vs (7.2 ± 1.3) mm, P<0.001, and the higher rates of moderate and severe post-operative thrombocytopenia 10.9% (7/64) vs 0% (0/41),P=0.028, immediate post-operative residual shunt as 15.6% (10/64) vs 2.4% (1/41),P=0.031. There was 1 patient in Group A suffered from pericardial tamponade due to hemorrhage at 2 days after operation and he was cured by emergent pericardial drainage. The patients were followed-up for (11.6 ± 7.8) months. The 1 month post-operative residual shunt was similar between 2 groups as 1.6% (1/64 ) vs 0% (0/41),P=0.421, and there was no residual shunt at 3 months after the operation. There were no complications of occluder detachment, hemolysis, pericardial effusion, left pulmonary artery or descending aortic stenosis occurred during the follow-up period.
Conclusion: Transthoracic minimally invasive PDA occlusion is a safe and effective method to treat the relevant infants and young children, while the post-operative residual shunt and thrombocytopenia should be closely observed in patients with large PDA.

Objective: To evaluate the changes in the endoplasmic reticulum stress in the spinal cord of rats with diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). Methods: Clean-grade healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8 weeks, weighing 120-160 g, were fed a high-fat and high-glucose diet for 8 weeks, then diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin 35 mg/kg and confirmed by blood glucose level >16.7 mmol/L 3 days later.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured at day 14 after injection.The establishment of DNP model was considered successful when MWT and TWL were lower than 85% of the baseline value.Fifteen rats in which the DNP model was successfully established served as DNP group, 15 rats in which the DNP model was not successfully established served as non-NDNP group (NDNP), and another 15 normal rats were selected and served as control group (group C). The MWT and TWL were measured at 3, 7 and 14 days after successful establishment of the model.The rats were then sacrificed, and the lumbar enlargement segments (L_4-6) of the spinal cord were harvested to detect the expression of inositol-requiring enzyme-1α, phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) and Beclin1 by Western blot. Results: Compared with C and NDNP groups, the MWT was significantly decreased and the TWL was shortened at 3, 7 and 14 days after successful establishment of the model, and the expression of inositol-requiring enzyme-1α, p-JNK and Beclin1 was up-regulated in DNP group (P<0.05). Conclusion The mechanism of development and maintenance of DNP may be related to aggravated endoplasmic reticulum stress in the spinal cord and to autophagy induced by up-regulated expression of p-JNK in rats.

OBJECTIVETo avoid the radiation injuries and use of contrast agent, we assessed the safety and efficacy of percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure solely under thoracic echocardiography guidance.

METHODSFrom June 2013 to June 2014, thirty patients (mean age: (6.3 ± 2.5) years, mean body weight:(22.5 ± 7.3) kg) with pure patent ductus arteriosus were continuously included in this study. The mean diameter of patent ductus arteriosus was (3.8 ± 0.9) mm. Patients were all treated by percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure via right femoral artery solely under thoracic echocardiography guidance. The efficacy of the procedure was evaluated by thoracic echocardiography. Follow-up was performed at one month after procedure.

RESULTSAll 30 cases were successfully treated with percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure solely under thracic echocardiography guidance. The procedural time was (32.8 ± 5.7) minutes. The mean diameter of Amplatzer ADO II was (4.9 ± 1.0) mm. Postoperative trivial residual shunt occurred in six patients immediately after the procedure. All patients survived without peripheral vascular injury or complications such as cardiac perforation. Hospitalization time was (3.4 ± 0.7) days. At one-month follow-up, no complications such as residual shunt or pericardial effusion were observed.

CONCLUSIONEchocardiography guided percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure by femoral artery approach is safe and effective, and can avoid X-ray and the use of contrast agents.

Body Weight ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; surgery ; Echocardiography ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Prostheses and Implants ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Interventional