Nonsyndromic hereditary gingival fibromatosis ( HGF) was a rare hereditary condition characterized by a progressive increase in gingival tissue , simultaneously with hypertrichosis and mental retardation.The patients often had troubles with mastication , appearance and pronunciation.The measure include surgical therapy.One case of HGF was reported and its relevant literature reviewed.

Objective : To discuss the treatment of pneumoparotid and to provide a reference for clinical practice. Methods: A case of refractory pneumoparotid was reported, and the diagnosis and treatment of parotid emphysema were reviewed and analyzed in combination with the literature. Results : This child had parotid gland enlargement without any obvious cause for more than 1 month. Conservative treatment, such as anti-inflammatory agents, psychological interventions and physical compression were ineffective. The patient had a history of cerebral palsy with epilepsy and involuntary cheek bulging behavior. Therefore, we considered it a refractory case. It was cured after parotid duct ligation and partial parotidectomy of the superficial lobe. A literature review showed that a pneumoparotid is a rare parotid enlargement. Most of the clinical cases were considered to be caused by the return of air into the parotid gland through the parotid duct due to an increase in oral pressure. The diagnosis of pneumoparotid mainly depends on intermittent parotid gland swelling and other clinical manifestations and imaging examination methods, such as ultrasound, CT, MRI and angiography. Its treatment mainly includes conservative anti-inflammatory treatment, physical therapy and psychological intervention. Surgical treatment is indicated for refractory parotid emphysema. Conclusion Pneumoparotid cases may further develop into parotid inflammation, which is generally treated conservatively. For some severe, recurrent and poor compliance cases, surgical treatment is sometimes needed.

Objective : To investigate the feasibility of epidural catheters in parotid gland duct anastomosis and the function of the affected side gland after parotid gland duct anastomosis. Methods: Thirteen patients who were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Xuzhou Central Hospital using an epidural catheter as the scaffold for parotid gland catheter anastomosis were enrolled from Jan. 2019 to June 2021. The swelling, salivary fistula and catheter patency in the parotid gland area were evaluated two weeks after the operation. 99mTcO4- single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was used for quantitative detection of salivary gland secretion function Results: Thirteen patients had no swelling or salivary fistula in the parotid gland area of the affected side two weeks after the operation, and the catheter secretion was unobstructed. There was no significant difference in the uptake rate between the parotid gland on the affected side and the parotid gland on the healthy side (t = -0.859, P = 0.399), and there was no significant difference in the excretion rate between the parotid gland on the affected side and the parotid gland on the healthy side (t = 0.693, P = 0.495). The parotid gland excretion function of the affected side was excellent three months after the operation. Conclusion Parotid duct anastomosis with an epidural catheter as the stent has good feasibility, and parotid gland secretion function recovers well after the operation, which is worthy of clinical application.

To explore the clinical value of superselective lingual artery embolization in treating the severe hemorrhage in patients with advanced carcinoma of tongue. Four patients with advanced tongue cancer hemorrhage from March 2014 to February 2016 were enrolled in this study. T3N2M0 (2 cases) and T4N1M0 (2 cases) were diagnosed preoperatively. Two cases of advanced tongue carcinoma tumors had severe bleeding and the other 2 cases of hemorrhage were after radiotherapy. All cases including 3 squamous cell carcinoma and 1 adenocarcinoma were firstly demonstrated by arterigraphy under seldinger technique with digtial subtraction angiogarphy to ensure the rupture site and then all cases were followed by superselective artery embolization. The efficacy and complications of interventional embolizationg were observed. There was no serious complication of central nervous system injury such as hemorrhage and hemiplegia during follow-up. Superselective lingual artery embolization can accurately locate the responsibility of blood vessels, and the injury is small, significant effect, fewer complications.

DNA-encoded chemical library (DEL) links the power of amplifiable genetics and the non-self-replicating chemical phenotypes, generating a diverse chemical world. In analogy with the biological world, the DEL world can evolve by using a chemical central dogma, wherein DNA replicates using the PCR reactions to amplify the genetic codes, DNA sequencing transcripts the genetic information, and DNA-compatible synthesis translates into chemical phenotypes. Importantly, DNA-compatible synthesis is the key to expanding the DEL chemical space. Besides, the evolution-driven selection system pushes the chemicals to evolve under the selective pressure, i.e., desired selection strategies. In this perspective, we summarized recent advances in expanding DEL synthetic toolbox and panning strategies, which will shed light on the drug discovery harnessing in vitro evolution of chemicals via DEL.