The method of observation for quantitative evaluation of disc pattern in early diagnosis of simple glaucoma was discussed in view of necessity of quantitative analysis of disc pattern, outline of quantitative disc pattern, judgement of quantitative disc pattern, type of glaucomatous cupping and classification of grade for glaucoma etc. At this attempt, authors observed vertical cup and disc ratio of physiologic cupping, prior to the investigation of variations of glaucomatous changes of optic disc. The associated factors with this study were briefly mentioned for further study.
Classification ; Early Diagnosis* ; Evaluation Studies as Topic* ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle*

The measurement of the area of the optic disc is important to classification of congenital anomaly of optic disc and diagnosis and following up of glaucoma. This study was performed to measure easily the diameter and area of the optic disc using the retinal scale of the Volk lens although recently the study was reported to measure the optic disc with computerized optic disc analysis system. We evaluated the measurement of the diameter and area of the optic disc of 31 patients(56 eyes) using the retinal scale of Volk lens and then corrected the magnification of central fundus photographs using Litmann's method. The mean refractive power and the mean axial length was -0.24 diopter(range -4.5 to 4.25 diopter), and 22.91 mm (range 20.5 to 26.1mm), respectively. The mean horizontal diameter, the mean verticaI diameter, and the mean area of optic disc was 1.75 +/- 0.18mm, 1.90 +/- 0.19mm, and 2.62 +/- 0.50mm2, respectively. We think that the measurement of the optic disc area with Volk lens is useful method in following up of cup-disc ratio in outpatient basis.
Classification ; Diagnosis ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Retinaldehyde

In high myopic patients with optic disc tilting, reference height is underestimated and many parameters depending on reference height will be changed with previous Heidelberg Retina Tomograph[HRT, under version 1.01].Therefore, care must be taken to classify the patients with tilted optic disc because underestimation of the amount of their cup area and volume may cause faulty decision to normal disc. However, by using "tilted analysis method" in recent HRT program[ver.2.01], we can expect to overcome such problems so, in this study we try to find out how much the HRT results are different between tilted and untilted analysis methods.We evaluated 26 high myopic patients under -6 diopters with tilted optic disc and glaucomatous visual field defects from March 1998 to July 1998. We compared their HRT parameters measured by untilted and then tilted method to each other.The mean reference height was changed from 0.2735 to 0.2892, the cup volume from 0.1961 to 0.1790 and the neural rim volume from 0.3060 to 0.3358 but glaucoma classification, the final conclusion of test, was not changed significantly due to neural rim volume and height variation contour increase with constant cup shape measure. Therefore, although refrence height is lowered and cup volume decreased with HRT[ver.1.01]in high myopic patients, if considering other many parameters, we can interpretate results rightly.
Classification ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Retina* ; Visual Fields

PURPOSE: We assessed whether Heidelberg retinal tomograph(HRT)is helpful in predicting the progression of glaucomatous field defect. METHODS: The periodic HRT and visual field results were obtained from 103 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) or glaucoma suspect who had been in our hospital from 1998 to 2000. Except 45 patients who had undergone ocular operation or had a follow-up of less than 1 year, 58 patients (48 eyes with POAG and 29 eyes with glaucoma) were selected. RESULTS: For glaucoma patients, the sensitivity and specificity to HRT on progression of glaucomatous field defect showed 35.7% and 33.3%, respectively. Their positive predictive value was 78.9%, and negative predictive value 6.9%. According to the results obtained after adjusting the cutoff value of classification score in HRT to -0.32 through the ROC curve, the sensitivity and specificity of progression in the glaucomatous field for glaucoma patients were changed to 57.1% and to 33.3%. Furthermore, the positive predictive value was 86% and the negative predictive value was 10% after the adjustment above. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that there was no significant correlation between HRT and progression of glaucomatous field defect in POAG patients or glaucoma suspect patients.
Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Humans ; Retinaldehyde* ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Visual Fields*

We investigated whether there was any difference in the extent of cupping reversal after reduction of intraocular pressure(IOP) by trabeculectomy between advanced glaucoma(stage IV of Jonas classification; 6 eyes) and less advanced glaucoma(stage III or less; 5 eyes). Computer-aided morphometry was performed in 11 eyes of 10 adult patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma in whom reversal of glaucomatous cupping was apparent photographically. Mean preoperative IOP, postoperative IOP, and percent reduction of IOP respectively were 42.5+/-8.3mmHg, 12.5+/-3.8mmHg, and 69.1+/-13.2%(range, 40.6 to 81.0%) over a mean period of 22.7+/-14.6 months(range, 5 to 53 months). Mean cup area and cup to disc ratio decreased significantly(P<0.01, Wilcoxon signed rank test). The reversal of rim area/disc area ratio showed a marginally significant correlation with the percent reduction of IOP(Spearman`s correlation coefficient=0.57, P=0.07). The reversal of vertical cup to disc ratio was significaltly lower in eyes with advanced glaucoma than in eyes with less advenced glaucoma(P=0.03, Mann-Whitney U test). Although reversal of other disc parameters tended to be lower in eyes with advanced glaucoma, they were not statistically significant. In eyes with advanced glaucoma, reversal of rim area/disc area ratio was more pronounced in the nasal disc region than in the superior or inferior disc region. Our results suggest that the extent of cupping reversal after reduction of IOP may decrease in the advanced stage of glaucoma than in mild to moderate stages of glaucoma.
Adult ; Classification ; Filtering Surgery* ; Filtration* ; Glaucoma* ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Trabeculectomy

We investigated whether there was any difference in the extent of cupping reversal after reduction of intraocular pressure(IOP) by trabeculectomy between advanced glaucoma(stage IV of Jonas classification; 6 eyes) and less advanced glaucoma(stage III or less; 5 eyes). Computer-aided morphometry was performed in 11 eyes of 10 adult patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma in whom reversal of glaucomatous cupping was apparent photographically. Mean preoperative IOP, postoperative IOP, and percent reduction of IOP respectively were 42.5+/-8.3mmHg, 12.5+/-3.8mmHg, and 69.1+/-13.2%(range, 40.6 to 81.0%) over a mean period of 22.7+/-14.6 months(range, 5 to 53 months). Mean cup area and cup to disc ratio decreased significantly(P<0.01, Wilcoxon signed rank test). The reversal of rim area/disc area ratio showed a marginally significant correlation with the percent reduction of IOP(Spearman`s correlation coefficient=0.57, P=0.07). The reversal of vertical cup to disc ratio was significaltly lower in eyes with advanced glaucoma than in eyes with less advenced glaucoma(P=0.03, Mann-Whitney U test). Although reversal of other disc parameters tended to be lower in eyes with advanced glaucoma, they were not statistically significant. In eyes with advanced glaucoma, reversal of rim area/disc area ratio was more pronounced in the nasal disc region than in the superior or inferior disc region. Our results suggest that the extent of cupping reversal after reduction of IOP may decrease in the advanced stage of glaucoma than in mild to moderate stages of glaucoma.
Adult ; Classification ; Filtering Surgery* ; Filtration* ; Glaucoma* ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Trabeculectomy

A classification and analysis according to sex, age, disease entity and operation was done on 772 inpatients (1008 eyes) admitted to the department of ophthalmology at Chonnam University Hospital. The results were as follows: 1) There were 477 males(61.6%) and 300 females (38.9%). Males far outnumbered females. 2) According to age, the largest group was under age 10,131 (17.0%), and the smallest group in their thirties. 68 (8.8%). 3) Surgical procedures were performed on 517 patients(67%) and not on 255(33%) 4) There were no significant differences in the distribution of the involved site; 272 (35.2%) were left eyes, 266 (34.5%) right eyes, and 234(30.3%) both eyes. 5) The most common ocular diseases were, in order of frequency, catarct(35.1%), trauma, glaucoma, and strabismus.
Classification ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Inpatients* ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Ophthalmology* ; Strabismus

The glaucomatocyclitic crisis was first described by Posner and Schlossman in 1948, and belongs to the classification of secondary open angle glaucoma. It is unilateral and recurrent. and characterized by minimal inflammatory signs and symptoms. The inflammation may be confined to the trabecular mesh work. The facility of outflow reduced while attacks last from a few hours to over 2 weeks. Etiopathogenic nature of glaucomatocyclitic crisis is not clear but recently the role of allergy is suggested in this disease entity. A 35 year old man was found to have a glaucomatocyclitic crisis in his right eye that was treated with systemic diamox and topical corticosteroid.
Acetazolamide ; Adult ; Classification ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Inflammation

PURPOSE: This study investigated whether the combined use of Frequency Doubling Technology and Heidelberg Retina Tomography II increases the usefulness of glaucoma detection. METHODS: The study subjects were, 59 patients with POAG and 34 normal persons were selected. The authors defined a total of six discriminative criteria: F1, in which the conventional analysis of FDT was used; F2, in which the FDT scoring system was used; F3, in which the Moorfield classification of HRT was used; F4, in which the new HRT discrimination function `Z' was used; F5, in which F1 and F3 were combined, and F6, in which F2 and F4 were combined; The usefulness of each criterion was investigated. RESULTS: The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve of the six discriminative criteria were: 86.4%, 58.8%, and 0.740 in F1, 4.5%, 80.0% (cutoff: 12.50), and 0.882 in F2, 79.7%, 61.8%, and 0.679 in F3, 77.6%, 74.3% (cutoff: 0), and 0.857 in F4, 77.6%, 71.4% (cutoff: 1.0805), and 0.767 in F5, and 86.2%, 91.4% (cutoff: 0.495) and 0.931 in F6. CONCLUSIONS: Combined use of functional (FDT) and morphological (HRT) aspects, which are early parameters of glaucoma damage, gave more useful results than a single analysis of each. Thererfore, the combined use will help the early detection of glaucoma.
Classification ; Discrimination (Psychology)* ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Retina* ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective: To determine the occurrence of the various types of glaucoma seen at the Ophthalmology Department of a tertiary training hospital. Methodology: Descriptive study based on the medical records available at the glaucoma clinic of a tertiary training hospital from January 1999 to August 2000 Results: 310 medical records were reviewed of which 34.84 percent were of males and 65.16 percent females. 84 percent of the patients were older than 40 years old. 54.83 percent of the patients had primary glaucomas of which primary angle closure (34.83 percent) was the most common followed by the open angle type (20 percent). 12.58 percent of the patients had secondary glaucomas Conclusion: The predominant form of glaucoma in the region remains to be primary angle closure and this has been demonstrated in this present study.
Human ; Male ; Female ; Aged 80 and over ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Child ; EY DISEASES ; GLAUCOMA ; GLAUCOMA/CLASSIFICATION ; GLAUCOMA/EPIDEMIOLOGY ; GLAUCOMA, ANGLE-CLOSURE ; GLAUCOMA, OPEN-ANGLE ; HOSPITALS ; HOSPITAL/CLASSIFICATION