Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is a conginental disorder of enteric nervous system (ENS) and is associated with the abnormal migration of gut neural cerst cell (GNCC).Recent studies showed that the regulation of this migration is a complex gene network.By the development of epigenetic and stem cells,this network is becoming much more clear.Transplantation of the modified gut neural crest stem cells/gut neural crest precursors(GNCSC/GNCP) acquired from the HD bowl is becoming the potential therapy of HD.This paper summerizes the recent advances and is to promote better understanding the pathogenesis of HD.

Child ; Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; diagnosis

Objective To establish a satisfactory method of isolating,culturing and determining gut neural crest stem cells,which may provide theoretical basis for clinical application.Methods The guts of embryonic mice removed and dissociated were plated into serum-free DMEM/F12 medium.The mitogen-free DMEM/F12 medium supplementd with 10% fetal bovine serum was used to induce differentiation of GNCSCs.Neurospheres and their derivations were determined with immunocytochemical and immunofluorescent staning.Results Neurospheres were generated in the simplified serum-free medium.The staining results showed that enteric neurospheres were GNCSCs and could differentiate into neurons,glial cells and smooth muscle cells by serum-induction.Conclusion GNCSCs have the capacity of self-renewal and proliferation,and give rise to neurons,glial cells and myofibroblasts.

Objective To investigate the relationship between flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery(FMD) and cardiovascular risk factors as well as target organ damage in elder patients with isolated systolic hypertension(ISH).Methods Ninety patients with ISH were divided into two groups: ISH group(n=51) and ISH with hyperlipidemia group(n=39).Color Doppler ultrasound for FMD was performed on all the patients,and carotid artery ultrasound and cardiac ultrasound were also conducted. Results Patiens with hyperlipidemia had lower FMD than those of ISH group(P=0.021).It was revealed by univariate analysis that FMD was negatively related to systolic blood pressure,carotid intima-media thickness and total cholesterol(P

Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Disasters ; Earthquakes ; Humans

Objective To report the clinical effects of repairing skin defects in hand by reversed neu- ro-veno-fasciocutaneous flaps based on the superficial branches of radial nerve.Methods Eleven cases with soft tissue defects around the wrist and the dorsum of the hand were treated with superficial branches of radial nerve-cephalic vein neuro-veno-fasciocutaneous flaps.Results The flaps totally survived in the 9 cases,the others were small distal necrosis.Follow-up survey in the(6-48)months after the oporation showed the appear- ante and function were satisfactory.Conclusion Superficial branches of radial nerve neurofasciocutaneous flap is well supplied with blood and easy to perform.It is the ideal flap to repair the skin defects of the first finger web,radial palm and dorsum of hand.

Objective To discuss the genetic relationship between Chaoxian and the other populations with STR polymorphisms, and study the origination of Chaoxian with historical data, analyze the difference among them. Methods Samples were obtained from 91 unrelated individuals of Jilin province. PCR amplification was performed using PE9700, the results were analyzed with the GeneScan software and then using the Genetic Analyzer ABI377 and Genotyper2.5. Tests for Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and the clustering map were carried out using SPSS11.5. The DA (genetic distance) according to Nei's was calculated and a phylogenetic tree based on the neighbor-joining method using Mega2 software package was constructed. Results 81 alleles and 196 genotypes were observed, with the corresponding frequencies ranging from 0.0055 to 0.4615 and 0.0110 to 0.2747, the observed and expected of genotypes were evaluated using χ2-test and all of the loci were in accordance with Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). Chaoxian was clustered with the other Chinese ethnic groups, then the American Black and the White; it was clustered with the Baishan Han, the Beijing Han of China first, then the South Korean. Conclusion The differentiation among races is larger than that among minorities, and, the differentiation among minorities is related to and is consistent with their geographic location.

Objective:To observe the changes of salivary Lysozyme (LZM),immunoglobulin A (IgA),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),mean grey values (MGVs)of hard tissue of teeth and caries index(CSI)in patients after oral administration of glucocorticoid (GC).Methods:30 patients with oral administration of GC were included.The mixed saliva samples before and after 6 and 12 months of GC treatment were collected.LZMand IgA and LDH were examined.Surface layer panaorama films were taken and MGVs of hard tissue of teeth were measured.The decayed,missing and filled tooth(DMFT),decayed,missing and filled surface (DMFS), CSI were recorded.The same indexes were obtained from 30 age and gender matched healthy subjects as the control data.All statisti-cal analyses were performed using SPSS 17.0 software package.Results:After taking GC orally,the concentration of LZM,IgA and MGVs of hard tissue of teeth in the patients were lower than those in the controls(P <0.05),the LDH concentration,DMFT,DMFS and CSI in the patients were increased(P <0.05).In the patients the MGVs of hard tissue of teeth was negatively correlated with DM-FT,DMFS and CSI(P <0.01),LDH concentration was positively correlated with CSI(P <0.01),the concentration of LZMand IgA were negatively correlated with CSI(P <0.05).No change of the indexes was found in the controls.Conclusion:Oral administration of GC may increase DMFT,DMFS and CSI,decrease MGVs of hard tissue of teeth significantly reduce,the patients may be under higher risk of caries.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Dicliptera chinensis polysaccharide ( DCP) on liver injury induced by antituberculosis drugs. Methods Sixty mice were randomly divided into six groups, namely normal control group, model group, glucurolactone group (in the dosage of 200 mg·kg-1·d-1), and high-, middle- and low-dose DCP groups ( in the dosage of 600, 400, 200 mg·kg-1·d-1, respectively). Except for the normal control group, the rats in the other groups were given intragastric administration of isoniazid and rifampicin ( 100 mg/kg) to induce liver injury model, and were simultaneously treated with corresponding agents, once a day. On the experiment day 30, the blood and liver tissue were sampled. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) , alkaline phosphatase ( AKP) and microsomal nitric oxide ( NO) were detected by biochemical method. The contents of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in liver tissue were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) , and the hepatic histopathology was observed after HE staining. Results In DCP groups, the hepatic pathological changes of the mice were improved, the number of the inflammatory cells was reduced, and the activities of serum ALT, AST and AKP as well as the contents of hepatic TNF-α, IL-6 and NO were reduced ( P<0.05 or P<0.01 compared with those in the model group). Conclusion Dicliptera chinensis polysaccharide is effective for liver injury induced by antituberculosis drug, and the mechanism may be associated with its anti-inflammatory action.