Tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in neoplastic evolution process as it may provide functional interactions between neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells involved in tumor invasion,metastasis and angiogenesis,which implies that it can be regarded as a novel target for the antitumor therapy of polysaccharides.This review focuses on the protumor variations existing in tumor microenvironment,such as growth factors,immunosuppressive factors,proteases,glycoproteins,etc.,which may offer possible mechanisms of polysaccharides on the regulation of their corresponding functions.

To investigate whether chemically modified non-anticoagulation heparin derivate (periodate oxidation/borohydride reduction-modified heparin (OR-heparin)) could inhibit high glucose-induced human mesangial cell apoptosis and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods:Mesangial cells were exposed to high glucose or high glucose with OR-heparin for 24 h.Apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst 33258 staining and Fluorescent activated cell sorting analysis.The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins ( p53,Bcl-2,Bax,cytosolic cytochrome C) were determined by Western blotting.NF-kB translocation was observed under fluorescence microscopy by using Cy3-1abeled antibody.Caspase-3 activity was detected by colorimetry.Results:OR-heparin significantly inhibited high glucose-induced mesangial cell apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins.It also blocked NF-kB translocation induced by high glucose.Conclusion:OR-heparin inhibits high glucose-induced mesangial cell apoptosis through inhibiting the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and it may be due to the blockage of the translocation of NF-kB.

Objective:To study the effect of surrounding tissues on the minimum cross-section area(minCSA) of upper airway in non-snoring males.Methods: Upper airway scanning by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) was conducted in 83 non-snoring males aged 22 to 57 years. The correlation between the minCSA of upper airway and the linear, area and volume measurement items about the morphology of the surrounding tissues was analyzed. Results: The minCSA was in velopharynx or glossopharynx. In non-snoring males,the main relative factors to minCSA were transverse dimension/ transverse distance between mandible(r=0.700), transverse dimension/ pharyngeal wall thickness(r=0.680), and parapharyngeal fat volume(r=-0.290). The velopharynx was more prone to be affected by the surrounding tissues than the glossopharynx. The location of the parapharyngeal fat, the lateral pharyngeal wall and parapharyngeal fat volume had the most obvious influence on the velopharyngeal size in sequence. While the thickness of the lateral pharyngeal wall was the main factor which influenced the size of glossopharynx. Conclusion: The feature of surrounding tissues has certain influence on minCSA of upper airway in non-snoring males.

With the development of technology and economy, the whole living space has been filled with different vibration, the chance of exposure to vibration for people is on the increase. Environmental vibration is one of seven main pollutions in the world, people’s health is threatened. The main four factors effected human body vibration were introduced in this paper, and the adverse effects on the systems were discussed, the criterion of evaluating human response to vibration based on international and national standards were analyzed.

The paper presents a definition of a hospitals overall competitiveness and expounds its action mechanism, viz. the government plays a guiding role in competition, which constitutes the means via which the subjects of competition seek survival and development, the key basis for a hospital in working out its strategies, and the driving force for a hospitals development. Then it analyzes the features of and the factors affecting a hospitals overall competitiveness and sets forth the evaluation procedure, viz. establishing an evaluation index system, determining and normalizing the standard value for evaluating each index, giving each index a corresponding weight according to its importance and conducting comprehensive evaluation. Next the paper discusses ways of predicting a hospitals overall competitiveness. The steps include: making clear that the purpose of the prediction is to enhance the competitiveness of the hospital in the future, screening the data, selecting the method of prediction, setting up a mathematical prediction model, conducting prediction with the model and evaluating and modifying the evaluation results.

Objective To investigate the changes and its significance of expression of platelet CD62p,CD42b and the levels of plasma TXB2,6-keto-PGFla and vWF in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods 46 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were included as the intracerebral hemorrhage group,while 20 patients with hypertension were served as the control group.Platelet CD62p and CD42b were measured by flow cytometry,and plasma TXB2,6-keto-PGF1a and vWF were measured by ELISA at less than 3 day,1 and 2 weeks after onset.The analysis of dependablit were made between the expression of platelet CD62p,CD42b and the level of plasma vWF in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.Results At less than 3 day,1 and 2 weeks after onset,the expression of platelet CD62p,levels of plasma TXB2,vWF and TXB2/6-keto-PGFla(T/K)in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P

AIM:To establish a method of determining the content of chlorogenic acid,paracetmol,vitamin C and chlorphenamine maleate in Vitamin C Yinqiao Tablets. METHODS: The separation was performed in the C_(18) colunm with the mobile phase of methanol-acetonitril-0.02% phosphate acid(5∶10∶85).The flow rate was(1.0 mL/min) with the wavelength at 219 nm and 310 nm,the temperature of column was 35 ℃. RESULTS: The calibration curves were linear in the ranges of 0.03-0.13 ?g for chlorogenic acid,0.94-4.68 ?g for paracetmol,0.49-2.44 ?g for Vitamin C,0.01-0.05 ?g for chlorphenamine maleate,the average recoveries were not less than 98%,respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,rapid and with satisfactory results.It is suitable for quality control of Vitamin C Yinqiao Tablets.

Coxsackievirus A(CV-A)is a common virus associated with a number of serious human diseases,including menin-gitis,myocarditis,herpangina,conjunctivitis and hand,foot and mouth syndrome. In recent years,with the increase of epidemics events with CV-A as the main pathogen,the studies focusing on the CV-A infection have attracted more attention. In this paper,we comprehensively review the basic characteristics,pathogenesis and potential antiviral drugs of CV-A.

Objective: To obtain the data about morphology of upper airway and surrounding tissues of non-snoring males from three age groups. Methods: Through questionnaires and clinic examinations, 83 non-snoring males (20-60 years) were selected from 453 volunteers and involved in the following research. There were 30 volunteers aged from 22 to 29 (mean 23.60?2.58 years), 31 volunteers aged from 36 to 45 (mean 40.10?2.64 years) and 22 volunteers aged from 46 to 57 (mean 49.55?3.45 years). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of upper airway of each volunteer was acquired under strict posture-control conditions. The dimensions and cross-section area of nasopharynx, velopharynx, glossopharynx, hypopharynx and whole upper airway with its surrounding tissues were measured with MRI intrinsic software. Volumes of upper airway and surrounding tissues were also calculated. Results: There were 93 items about morphology of the upper airway and surrounding tissues of non-snoring males from the three age groups.With increase in age, some nasopharynx items showed increase tendency, while little change showed in velopharynx, glossopharynx and hypopharynx. Fat volume, tongue volume, anterior and posterior pharyngeal dimension showed age-related increase tendency, but fat deposition rate slowed down in elder age in non-snoring males, which supplies the reason why non-snoring males avoided becoming sleep apnea patients. Conclusion:We provide age-related reference data of upper airway and its surrounding tissues for further sleep and respiration research.