Animals ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Research Design

Penicillin is a kind of β-lactam drug which has been applied in the clinical treatment firstly in the world, and it has still been widely used at present. The synthesis and regulation mechanism of Penicillium chrysogenum, which is used to produce penicillin, has been studied quite maturely, but its proteomics research started relatively late and fewer reports were published. This paper reviews the synthesis and application of penicillin, transformation of Penicillium chrysogenum, and the research progress of its proteomics. On this basis, the study highlights the advantages of proteomics in the research of protein expression.
Penicillins ; biosynthesis ; Penicillium chrysogenum ; metabolism ; Proteome ; Proteomics

As a new type of carbon nanomaterials, fluorescent carbon dots (fluorescent CDs) have many advantages when compared with the traditional fluorescent probes. They are photoluminescence stable and resistance to photo bleaching. Moreover, they are excellent in biocompatibility, low-toxic and easy to modify. All these above make them a promising optical image material as a probe in optical image. This article reviews structure, the common carbon sources, the preparation methods, and the light-emitting principles of the carbon dots. We also introduce the research progress of fluorescent carbon dots in biomedicine, and the problems need to be resolved in the study of fluorescent CDs.

The pharmacoclynamics of Kuntaian was studied. The results showed that it exerts an inhibiting effect on normal uterine smooth muscle in a dosedependent manner. It can counteract the violent uterine contraction induced by pituitrin, promote the growth of uterus of young mice, dilate the capilaries and accelerate blood circulation. It also exerts analgesic antiphlogistic antioneotie effects, suggesting that this drug may be applicable to the treatment of dysmanorrhea, irregular menstruation and pelvic infection.

Objective: To study the effects of the melt casting and the sintering methods on the machinability and other characteristics of K_2O-MgO-MgF_2-SiO_2 glass-ceramics. Methods: X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)were used to examine the main crystal and the microstructure of the glass ceramics of the same composition which were made by melt casting and sintering methods, respectively. The transmissivity, flexural strength and brittleness index were observed respectively. Results: The glass ceramics made by two different methods have the same crystal, KMg_(2.5)Si_4O_(10)F_2, while the specimen prepared by the sintering method had lower transmissivity,better machinability and mechanical properties due to the higher mica volume percent. Conclusion; For production of fluoro-mica glass ceramics, sintering method has superiority compared to melt-casting method.

OBJECTIVETo observe the impacts of different frequencies of electroacupuncture (EA) on post-operative cognitive function and the change in serum S-100beta protein under the compound anesthesia of acupuncture and drugs.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-four patients of abdominal operation at selective time were randomized into a routine drug anesthesia group (group A, 24 cases), a meridian point 2 Hz group (group B, 26 cases), a me ridian point 2 Hz/100 Hz group (group C, 25 cases), a meridian point 100 Hz group (group D, 24 cases) and a transcutaneous acupoint electric stimulation 2 Hz/100 Hz group (group E, 25 cases). In group A, the endotrachea-lgeneral anesthesia was applied. In the rest groups, the acupuncture anesthesia was induced for 30 min before the endotracheal general anesthesia, at Baihui (GV 20), Yintang (GV 29) and Neiguan (PC 6), with G6805-2 electric acupuncture apparatus used. In group B, the continuous wave and 2Hz in frequency were selected. In group C, the disperse-dense wave and 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency were selected. In group D, the continuous wave and 100 Hz in frequency were selected. In group E, the disperse-dense wave and 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency were selected, and the electrode pads were stick on the acupoints and connected with the electric stimulation till the end of operation. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was adopted to evaluate and record the changes in cognitive function 1 day before operation and on the 3rd day after operation. The conditions of post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in the patients and the changes in serum S-100beta protein were monitored before and at the end of operation.

RESULTSThe incidence rate of POCD on the 3rd day after operation was 41.7% (10/24) in group A. The incidence rates of POCD were 26.9% (7/26), 16.0% (4/25), 33.3% (8/24) and 16.0% (4/25) in group B, C, D and E separately. Compared with group A, the incidence rate of PCOD in group B, C, D and E were reduced (all P<0.05), the incidence rate in group C and E were lower than that in groups B and D (all P<0.05). At the end of operation, the level of serumS-100beta protein was (0.186 +/- 0.027) microg/L in group A, the levels were (0.165 +/- 0. 028) microg/L, (0.166 +/- 0.027) microg/L, (0.163 +/- 0.025) microg/L and (0.164 +/- 0.025) microg/L in group B, C, D and E separately. The levels of serum S-100beta protein in group B, C, D and E were lower than that in group A separately (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe general anesthesia assisted with EA at different frequencies reduces the incidence of cognitive dysfunctionand, decreases the level of serum S-100beta protein after intestinal cancer resection. The effects of the meridian point electric stimulation at 2 Hz/100 Hz and the transcutaneous electric stimulation at 2 Hz/100 Hz are the best. Hence, these two approaches of anesthesia deserve to be recommended practically.

Abdomen ; surgery ; Acupuncture Analgesia ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anesthesia, General ; Cognition ; drug effects ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Period

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of acupuncture-anesthetic composite anesthesia (AACA) on the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and changes of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 in elderly patients.

METHODSTotally 83 patients undergoing surgical resection of gastrointestinal tumor were randomly assigned to the simple anesthesia group (A group, 41 cases) and the AACA group (B group, 42 cases). Patients in Group A received endotracheal general anesthesia. Those in Group B were induced by acupuncture anesthesia for 30 min by needling at Baihui (DU20), Neiguan (PC6), Zusanli (ST36). The electro-acupuncture (EA) apparatus was connected after arrival of qi, with the wave pattern of density 2/100 Hz. The stimulus intensity was set by patients' tolerance, with the peak current of 5 mA. Then the endotracheal general anesthesia was performed and the EA lasted till the end of the surgery. The cognitive function of all patients was assessed before operation and at day 3 after operation using mini-mental state examination (MMSE). POCD was confirmed if with one or more decreased stand- ard. The peripheral venous blood was collected before anesthesia induction (TO), immediately at the end of surgery (T1), 24 h after operation (T2), and 48 h after operation (T3), and serum concentrations of IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha were correspondingly measured using ELISA.

RESULTSThe postoperative anesthesia awakening time was shorter in Group B than in Group A [(20.37 +/- 6.09) min vs (29.24 +/- 7.48) min, P < 0.05]. The remifentanil dose used during the operation was less in Group B than in Group A (P < 0.05). The incidence of POCD at day 3 was lower in Group B than in Group A [10/41 (23.8%) vs 15/42 (36.5%), P < 0.05]. The concentrations of IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha at T1-T3 were higher than those at TO in the two groups (P < 0.05). The increment of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta was less in Group B than in Group A (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION AACA could reduce the incidence of POCD and inhibit postoperative release of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Aged ; Cognition Disorders ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

As a new type of carbon nanomaterials, fluorescent carbon dots (fluorescent CDs) have many advantages when compared with the traditional fluorescent probes. They are photoluminescence stable and resistance to photo bleaching. Moreover, they are excellent in biocompatibility, low-toxic and easy to modify. All these above make them a promising optical image material as a probe in optical image. This article reviews structure, the common carbon sources, the preparation methods, and the light-emitting principles of the carbon dots. We also introduce the research progress of fluorescent carbon dots in biomedicine, and the problems need to be resolved in the study of fluorescent CDs.
Carbon ; chemistry ; Fluorescent Dyes ; chemistry ; Nanostructures ; chemistry ; Quantum Dots ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the value of radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA) on idiopathic ventricular tachycardia(IVT) in children.Methods The treatment efficiency of 35 patients accepting RFCA from March 2000 to February 2006 was analyzed,which was divided into control group and study group,randomly.The target site of IVT was localized by routine mapping in control group,and study group was localized by routine mapping combining doppler tissue imaging(DTI) on the basic treatment.Results Numbers of discharge,X-ray exposure time in study group were shorter than that in control group.There were no significance of radiofrequency energy,achievement rates and relapse rates between two groups.Conclusions RFCA is a safe and effective method on IVT.Children are localized combined with DTI shall decrease numbers of discharge and X-ray exposure time.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical feature and diagnostic criteria of Kartagener syndrome, and related treatment of sinusitis and nasal polyps. METHOD: The clinical data of 5 patients which were diagnosed as complete Kartagener syndrome in The forth hospital of Hebei medical university were analyzed retrospectively. The first symptom of these patients was sinusitis. All of them accepted cardiac apical auscultation, X ray of orthophoria chest film and chest CT plain scan examination before diagnosis. All of them were treated intervention therapy in outpatient department,and 1 case accepted endoscopic sinus surgery in the hospital. The analysis of the data was to investigate the diagnosis in outpatient department and the perioperative therapy effect. RESULT: All of the 5 patients' clinical feature were total mirror situs inversus viscerum, Dexcrocardia and brochiectasis associated with infection, "signet ring sign", "tram line sign", "honeycomb sign" at different degree on chest CT, bilateral maxillary and ethmoidal sinus inflammation on sinus CT. All the 5 patients appeared bilateral secretor otitis media associated with conductive deafness at different degree. 4 cases accepted anti-inflammation,mucus diluted and medicine treatment to improve cilia activity. 1 case accepted medicine and endoscopic sinus operation for obvious nasal symptoms. After following up for years,all symptoms of the 5 patients relieved, so did recurrent bronchiectasis infection. 1 case with operation had obviously relieved symptom and no postoperative complication. CONCLUSION Although complete Kartagener syndrome is infrequent disease, heart auscultation diagnosis and image examination are effective method to reduce missed diagnosis. Symptomatic treatment and suitable endoscopic sinus surgery method can reduce sinus symptom and the infection possibility of bronchiectasis effectively,which is beneficial for KS outcome.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Kartagener Syndrome ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Retrospective Studies