The article makes a tentative practice to specialized English teaching for postgraduates from teaching content,pattern and evaluation system,and concludes some useful experience on how to enhance their Language ability under the background of international academic communication.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is the most common pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia in children.Macrolides are the first-line antibiotics for mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) treatment.However, in recent years, with macrolide resistant MP (MRMP) becoming prevalent, refractory MPP (RMPP) and fulminant MPP (FMPP) increased significantly.It has become a hot issue for clinicians.This paper reviewed the recent studies on MRMP, RMPP and FMPP, discussed the diagnosis and treatment options for MRMP, RMPP and FMPP in detail.Prioritizing the selection of sensitive antibiotics and early initiation of effective antibiotic therapy, appropriate use of immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory therapies, and aggressive treatment of complications and co-infections are the keys to RMPP and FMPP therapy.

Abstract Aspirin (ASA) is widely used for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but its strategy of application is highly controversial. Meanwhile, in terms of ASA prevention strategies for CVD, countries around the world are different. The United States is becoming increasingly cautious, while the European Union tends to focus on the benefits of ASA clinical use. China is concerned about the effectiveness of ASA in preventing CVD in the elderly. This article reviews relevant literature published domestically and internationally from 2005 to 2024 for the application of ASA in CVD prevention, ASA prevention strategies for CVD in main countries and the application of ASA in special groups such as chronic disease patients, which provides a basis for improving ASA prevention strategies for CVD and standardizing clinical application of ASA in China.

Before 2002, the three existing basic medical security systems of Thailand covered 30% of the population, and the surplus population participated in the universal coverage(UC)policy of medical security system which promulgated in 2002. Since the implement of UC policy, it has improved the equity of medical service application and health financing, reduced Catastrophic Health Payments and low-income groups have obtained more benefits. The incidence rate of Catastrophic Health Payments decreased and the spending burden of catastrophic health expenditure in low-income groups decreased from 6.11%(2000)to 4.65%(2002).

In Oct 2010,American Heart Association (AHA) released new guidelines for pediatric basic life support and pediatric advanced life support.The new AHA guidelines are based on an extensive review of thousands of resuscitation studies by experts who reached a consensus over a 3-year period.Compared with the 2005 AHA guidelines for pediatric basic and advanced life support,the new guidelines made major changes on some key issues,including the change of basic life sequence from A-B-C to C-A-B,high-quality chest compression,defibrillation and the use of automated external defibrillator in infants,medications during resuscitation,resuscitation of children with congenital heart disease,post-resuscitation management and evaluation of sudden cardiac death victims.This paper summarized the substantial changes and the reasons to change.

Nutrition support,including parenteral nutrition and enteral nutrition,has been one of the important treatment for critical illness in children.The risk of nutrition support attracts more and more attention.The complications of nutrition support include nutrition support access associated mechanical injuries,catheter related bloodstream infection,enteral nutrition intolerance and metabolic complications.Most of these complications are preventable.The most effective prevention is evaluating and controlling the risk factors.Prevention and treatment of the complications is the key of successful nutrition support and improving the prognosis.

To better understand the current status of medical students in clinical medical ethics,we design the relevant questionnaire,with 468 medical students conducting a questionnaire survey.Findings in general are more satisfactory.but there are great differences on certain issues.Educational Strategies:medical education curriculum should open more humanities courses and post-clinical teachers should pay close attention to ethics education for medical students.

Purpose To investigate the expression of Lgr5 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) and its significance.Methods Lgr5 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry of EnVision two-step in 83 paraffin-embedded CSCC specimens,56 normal cervical tissues specimens and 32 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) specimens.The expression of Lgr5 mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR in 13 pairs of surgically removed CSCC and adjacent normal cervical tissues.The correlation between Lgr5 expression and clinicopathological features were statistically analyzed.Results The positive proportion of Lgr5 protein in CSCC tissues was significantly higher than those in adjacent normal cervix (P ＜ 0.01) and CIN (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of Lgr5 in CSCC tissues was associated with grade of tumors (P ＜ 0.01) and depth of invasion (P ＜ 0.05),but not associated with age,tumor size,clinical stage and lymph node metastasis (P ＞ 0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 5-year survival rate of patients with Lgr5 overexpression was significantly lower than that of patients with lower expression (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The expression of Lgr5 in CSCC tissues may associated with grade of tumors and depth of invasion and may be involved in initiation and development of CSCC,and it may be a new assistant marker for prognosis of CSCC.

Objective To explore the effects of enalapril on spatial learning and memory,and to identify synaptophysin expression in hippocampus of streptozotocin-diabetic rats.Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into control group,diabetic model group and the enalapril treatment group.Streptozotocin-diabetic rat model was developed.The diabetic rats were treated with enalapril for 12 weeks.Then,the learning and memory abilities of rats were tested with Morris water maze;mRNA and protein expression of synaptophysin in hippocampus was detected by RT-PCR and immunostaining.Results Compared with diabetic model group,the enalapril treatment group showed a significant decrease in the mean time of escape latencies(P

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of antithyroid drugs (ATD) in the clinic. METHODS:Retro-spective analyzed 60 cases of adverse reaction caused by Methimazole and Propylthiouracil in terms of age,gender,incubation peri-od,organ or system involved and clinical manifestation,which were searched from 2004 May-2014 Dec. in First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. RESULTS:Among 60 ADR cases,male was more than female,and the ratio of male to female was 1∶2.75;average age was(39.7 ± 13.4)years old,and 83.3%ADR occurred between 20 and 59 years old;66.7%ADR occurred within 30 days. Most common clinical manifestations were drug-induced liver disease(66.7%,40/60)and neutropenia(25%,15/60). There was statistical significance in the proportion of drug-induced liver disease caused by methimazole and propylthiouracil in all ADR cases(P<0.05),there was no statistical significance in the proportion of agranulemia caused by these two drugs(P>0.05). CON-CLUSIONS:Before and after the treatment of antithyroid drugs,it’s necessary to check hepatic function and the number of neutro-phile granulocyte,and we should monitor and follow up it to ensure the safe use of drugs.