BACKGROUND: With the bio-coated prosthesis implanted in the body by a complex interaction of chemo-mechanics, the cases of clinical revision increased.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of effect of interaction of chemo-mechanics on the microstructure and properties of thermal-sprayed bioactive coatings.METHODS: The relevant articles were retrieved from Elsevier with the key words of "apatite, coating, spraying" in English between January 1999 to November 2009. Meanwhile, the relevant articles were searched from database of Vip Information with the key words of "apatite, coating, spraying" in Chinese between January 1989 to November 2009. The articles that were highly related to the effect of chemo-mechanics on the microstructure and properties of thermal-sprayed bio-coatings were collected. The repetitive researching results and those with weak correlation were excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: It was shown that loading affected the dissolution of bio-coatings significantly. Tensile stress promoted the dissolution, while compressive stress inversely. In addition, the mechanical properties decreased after immersion in simulation body fluid. Moreover, the mechanical properties increased when it was implanted in bone tissue. However, there were only investigation of microstructure and properties of bio-coatings under simple loading. The coupling effect of complex loading, such as tension, torsion and fatigue, etc., and the specific chemical environment on the bio-coatings should be studied in order to ensure the integrity of its structure and properties.

Interventional management was performed in 10 patients with hemorrhage following hepatic biliary and pancreatic surgery.The super-selection arterial embolization was performed in 9 patients using gelfoam pledgets (n =6 ) or metal coils (n =3 ),the procedure was combined with local infusion of reptilase; 1 case was managed by local infusion of reptilase alone.Selective angiography revealed the pseudoaneurysm in 3 cases,contrast media extravasation in 6 cases; in 1 case no obvious bleeding site was found The interventional treatment was successful and hemorrhage stopped in all patients,including one case with reptilase alone with a successful rate of 10/10.The results indicate that interventional treatment is a safe and effective method for hemorrhage following hepatic biliary and pancreatic surgery.

Objective:Assess the 10-year Immune persistence and the predictors after primary vaccination hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) among normal and high-responder infants.Methods:A total of 1 838 Infants of 7-12 months old located in Jinan, Weifang, Yantai and Weihai of Shandong Province who were induced normal or high antibody response (anti-HBs titer ≥ 100 mIU/ml) after primary vaccination (three dose with 0-1-6 procedure) with 5 μg recombinant HepB among newborns were included in the study, in 2009. 3 ml of venous blood samples were collected at baseline survey (T 0) and antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were detected using chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) method. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect information including the infant′s age, sex, birth weight, premature birth, birth number, delivery location and mother′s HBV infection status. In 2014 (followed up for 5 years) and in 2019 (followed up for 10 years) (T 1), 2 ml of venous blood samples were collected. Anti HBS and anti HBC were detected by CMIA method. Those with anti HBS<10 mIU/ml were detected by CMIA method. Multivariate unconditional logistic and linear regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors of anti-HBs positive rate and geometric mean concentration (GMC) at T 1. Results:After 10 years follow-up, 73.94% of the subjects (1 359/1 835) finished the follow-up. 51.15% of the subjects, a total of 625 were boys. The positive rate of anti-HBs was 100% at T 0 and decreased to 53.44% (95% CI: 50.59%-56.26%) at T 1. The average annual decline rate of anti-HBs positive rate from T 0 to T 1 was 6.07%. The GMC of anti-HBs decreased from 607.89 (95% CI: 579.01-642.62) mIU/ml to 16.44 (95% CI: 15.06-18.00) mIU/ml. The average annual decline rate of anti-HBs GMC in 10-year follow-up was 30.30%. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the positive rate of anti-HBs at T 1 was lower in those who did not vaccinate the first dose in time ( OR=0.25, 95% CI:0.07-0.71). Compared with those with GMC<1 000 mIU/ml at T 0, those with GMC ≥ 1 000 mIU/ml had a higher positive rate of anti-HBs at T 1 ( OR=2.29, 95% CI:1.76-2.97). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the GMC of anti-HBs at T 1 was lower in those who did not vaccinate the first dose in time (β=-0.50, 95% CI:-1.24-0.24). Compared with those with GMC<1 000 mIU/ml at T 0, those with GMC ≥ 1 000 mIU/ml had a higher GMC of anti-HBs at T 1 (β=0.81, 95% CI: 0.62-1.05). Conclusion:Anti-HBs GMC decreased in 10 years after primary vaccination of 5 μg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine among normal and high-responders. The anti-HBs persistence was mainly associated with whether the first dose was vaccinated in time and the level of anti-HBs at the end of primary vaccination.

Objective:Assess the 10-year Immune persistence and the predictors after primary vaccination hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) among normal and high-responder infants.Methods:A total of 1 838 Infants of 7-12 months old located in Jinan, Weifang, Yantai and Weihai of Shandong Province who were induced normal or high antibody response (anti-HBs titer ≥ 100 mIU/ml) after primary vaccination (three dose with 0-1-6 procedure) with 5 μg recombinant HepB among newborns were included in the study, in 2009. 3 ml of venous blood samples were collected at baseline survey (T 0) and antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were detected using chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) method. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect information including the infant′s age, sex, birth weight, premature birth, birth number, delivery location and mother′s HBV infection status. In 2014 (followed up for 5 years) and in 2019 (followed up for 10 years) (T 1), 2 ml of venous blood samples were collected. Anti HBS and anti HBC were detected by CMIA method. Those with anti HBS<10 mIU/ml were detected by CMIA method. Multivariate unconditional logistic and linear regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors of anti-HBs positive rate and geometric mean concentration (GMC) at T 1. Results:After 10 years follow-up, 73.94% of the subjects (1 359/1 835) finished the follow-up. 51.15% of the subjects, a total of 625 were boys. The positive rate of anti-HBs was 100% at T 0 and decreased to 53.44% (95% CI: 50.59%-56.26%) at T 1. The average annual decline rate of anti-HBs positive rate from T 0 to T 1 was 6.07%. The GMC of anti-HBs decreased from 607.89 (95% CI: 579.01-642.62) mIU/ml to 16.44 (95% CI: 15.06-18.00) mIU/ml. The average annual decline rate of anti-HBs GMC in 10-year follow-up was 30.30%. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the positive rate of anti-HBs at T 1 was lower in those who did not vaccinate the first dose in time ( OR=0.25, 95% CI:0.07-0.71). Compared with those with GMC<1 000 mIU/ml at T 0, those with GMC ≥ 1 000 mIU/ml had a higher positive rate of anti-HBs at T 1 ( OR=2.29, 95% CI:1.76-2.97). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the GMC of anti-HBs at T 1 was lower in those who did not vaccinate the first dose in time (β=-0.50, 95% CI:-1.24-0.24). Compared with those with GMC<1 000 mIU/ml at T 0, those with GMC ≥ 1 000 mIU/ml had a higher GMC of anti-HBs at T 1 (β=0.81, 95% CI: 0.62-1.05). Conclusion:Anti-HBs GMC decreased in 10 years after primary vaccination of 5 μg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine among normal and high-responders. The anti-HBs persistence was mainly associated with whether the first dose was vaccinated in time and the level of anti-HBs at the end of primary vaccination.