[Objective]To assess the early diagnosis and treatment and outcome of patients with crush syndrome in earthquake disaster.[Method]We conducted a retrospective analysis of 27 patients with crush syndrome and subsequent acute renal failure (ARF) and wound complication who were treated in our university hospital.All of patients had been extricated from buildings that collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.Crush injury involved the upper extremities and low extremities.Each patient received intravenous fluids and diuretic drugs.Twenty-one patients received hemodialysis.Emergency fasciotomy performed in 11 patients and amputation were performed in 16 patients,4 to 102 hours after extrication.[Result]No patient died.Twenty-one patients among the ARF patients were retracted from hemodialysis.Among the patients who were performed fasciotomy or amputation,13 patients had wound complication including infection,however,the wounds in 10 patients were healed by dressing change,debridement and coordinate treatment with ICU and related subjectives.[Conclusion]Crush syndrome requires urgent recognition and prompt surgical treatment with simultaneous measures to control hyperkalemia and ARF.Wound healing is a difficult task for the crush syndrome patients.The authors believe that immediate intensive care therapy and multisubjective coordination would improve the survival rate.

Objective To study the influence situation of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium for the postoperative infection and inflammatory indexes of patients with emergency intestinal obstruction operation by relaxation suture .Methods 80 patients with emergency intestinal obstruction operation by relaxation suture in department of general gurgery of our hospital from April 2014 to April 2016 were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 40 cases in each group, the control group were treated with routine treatment, the observation group were treated with amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium on the treatment of control group, then the postoperative infection rates, inflammatory related indexes before and after the treatment of two groups were compared.Results The postoperative infection rate of observation group was 5.00%,and it was obviously lower than the 17.50% of control group, the difference was significant(P<0.05); the serum inflammatory related indexes of two groups before the treatment were compared,the differences were not significant ;the serum anti-inflammatory indexes interleukin-4(IL-4), IL-10, IL-13 and pro-inflammatory indexes tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), IL-6 at 1st, 2nd and 5th day after the treatment were all lower than those of control group,the pro-inflammatory index IL-2 were higher than those of control group, the differences were all significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium can reduce the postoperative infection of patients with emergency intestinal obstruction operation by relaxation suture , and its control role for the related inflammatory indexes is better, so its application value is higher and is worthy of clinical promotion.

OBJECTIVE:To establish UV-spectrophotometry method in the determination of metformin hydrochloride in compound metformin hydrochloride tablets.METHODS:The determination was carried out with water as the solvent under the detection wavelength of233nm.RESULTS:There was a good linear relationship between metformin hydrochloride and its absorbability(r=0.9999)within the concentration range of1～10?g/ml.The average recovery was99.3%with RSD at0.24%(n=9).CONCLUSION:The method is accurate,fast,convenient,and which can be used to determine the contents of metformin hydrochloride in compound metformin hydrochloride tablets directly without isolation.

Objective To determine medium-term curative effect of extensively coated non-modular femoral stems in twostage infection revision after joint replacement.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 33 patients (33 hips) who had a two-stage infection revision after total hip replacement arthroplasty from March 2005 to December 2006.Among of them,there were 20 men (20 hips) and 13 women (13 hips).Their mean age was 66.1±7.2 years with a range from 52 to 80.The two-stage revision protocol consisted of joint prosthesis taken out in the first stage,thorough debridement,hand-molded antibiotic bone cement spacer,and two-stage joint revision after anti-infective therapy.Anti-infective therapy included intravenous antimicrobial therapy for 4 weeks and oral antibiotics for 6 weeks.Harris hip score (HHS) was used to evaluate functions of hip joint.X-ray films were used to perform clinical and radiological evaluations of prosthesis stability,displacement and looseness.Reinfection criteria were the same as the criteria used to diagnose the joint infection.Results Follow-up visit was carried out for all patients for 5-9 years (6.1±1.7 years on the average).No infection or prosthesis looseness happened after two-stage revision.Microculture of samples taken during two-stage revision or pathological examination was negative.Harris hip joint score rose to 89.1 ±8.5 in the last follow-up visit from preoperative 42.3±6.5.30 patients achieved stable bone ingrowths and the remaining three had stable fibrous ingrowths.Impacted bone graft at acetabulum side for 11 patients and all impacted bone graft in marrow cavity were fused well with the host bones.Allogeneic cortical bone plate grafts were used in 10 hips on the femoral side.Nine of these cortical bone plates fused with the host bones after postoperative 1 year,whereas one fused after 2 years.Conclusion Using extensively coated non-modular femoral stems combined with intramedullary allograft in two-stage revision for treating infection can achieve satisfactory medium-term survival rate of prosthesis and infection clearance rate.

Ion trap performances are investigated based on digital ion trap technique with different collision gases at different pressures. Collision gases of helium (4 amu), nitrogen (28 amu) and argon (40 amu) with various pressures are adopted in ion excitation and dissociation stages to investigate the ion trap performances, including mass resolution, signal intensity, tandem mass spectrometric analysis ability and low-mass cut off (LMCO) effect. It is found that when heavy gas of argon is used, energy can be efficiently transferred and LMCO effect is decreased with higher ion capture and dissociation efficiencies but with low mass resolution. Higher mass resolution is realized with helium as collision gas. Furthermore, at the same gas pressure, heavy gas is beneficial to abundant fragment ions and structural information of precursor ion.

AIM: To investigate the changes of ultrastructure in early diabetic rat cornea and the pathogenesis of diabetic keratopathy. METHODS: 20 Sprague-Daxley rats were sacrificed 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks after induction of diabetes mellitus by streptoxotocin. 20 untreated rats at the same age were used as normal controls and were sacrificed at the same intervals. The ultrastructures of cornea were observed with transmission electronic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: During the experimental period, the corneal ultrustructure of diabetic rats showed that epithelial and endothelial cells were swollen, the mitochondrions in the cytoplasm were swollen and increased. The collagen fibers appeared in disarrangement 10 weeks after streptoxotocin treatment. The endothelial of cornea was damaged from the periphery to the center gradually. CONCLUSION: The ultrastructural changes of cornea leads to dysfunction in streptoxotocin-induced diabetic rats, which may be related to the abnormal metabolism in hyperglycemia condition.

Background:Colonoscopy is considered as a standard method for detecting various kinds of colorectal polyps. However,conventional colonoscopy( CC)still has the chance to miss some lesions. Literatures have already reported that transparent hood assisted colonoscopy( THAC)can improve the detection of colorectal polyps. However,the effect of black hood assisted colonoscopy( BHAC)on detection of colorectal polyps is still unclear. Aims:To evaluate the effect of BHAC on detection of colorectal polyps. Methods:A total of 1 076 patients underwent CC and BHAC from Sept. 2014 to April 2015 at Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled study. Baseline characteristics,cecal intubation time,withdrawal time,number of polyps,detection rate of polyps,location, size,morphology and pathological diagnosis of polyps between two groups were compared. Results:Compared with CC group,cecal intubation time was significantly shorter in BHAC group than in CC group[(6. 31 ± 3. 51)min vs.(7. 05 ± 4. 15)min,P=0. 002]. No significant differences in withdrawal time and rate of cecal intubation were found between two groups(P>0. 05). Detection rate of polyps was significantly higher in BHAC group than in CC group(65. 4% vs. 48. 7%,P=0. 004). No significant differences in size,morphology of polyps were found between two groups(P>0. 05). Conclusions:Compared with CC,BHAC could significantly improve the detection of colorectal polyps,and shorten cecal intubation time.

Objective To explore the anatomical morphology of femoral trochlear groove and the difference between normal males and females.Methods Eighty healthy volunteers were recruited,including 42 males and 38 females with an average age of 36.2 years (range,21-55 years).All the volunteers without knee unstabilization,pain and wound.CT scan of right femurs were performed and 3-D model were reconstructed.The anatomical parameters of right femoral trochlear groove were measured,which included transepicondylar axis,medial and lateral length of trochlear groove,medial and lateral condylar height,sulcus angle,depth of trochlear groove,transcondylar axis,anterior femoral condylar angle,trochlear groove position,and then compared the morphologic difference of trochlear groove between males and females.Results The average width of transepicondylar axis was 79.21±3.80 mm for males and 70.73±2.91 mm for females (t=-53.40,P=0.00).The minimum sulcus angle was acquired at 45° flexion for males and 42° flexion for females.It was 133.92°±4.76° for males and 132.71°±4.36° for females.The maximum length of transepicondylar axis was acquired at 87° flexion for males and 90° flexion for females.It was 42.36±3.48 mm for males and 39.03 ±3.36 mm for females.The anterior femoral condylar angle decreased with the increasing flexion angle of knee (P＞0.05).The position of the trochlear groove moved laterally with the increasing flexion angle of knee (P＞0.05).Conclusion There is no significant difference between male and female in the geometry of femoral trochlear groove,however there is a significant difference in sizes.Therefore,during design the knee prosthesis,close approximation of size is essential,while gender differences in morphology need not be considered a factor.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of local infiltration analgesia in the multimodal analgesia protocol.Methods Sixty patients who were scheduled to undergo TKA were randomly divided two groups:local infiltration analgesia (LIA) group (n=30) or the non-local infiltration analgesia (N-LIA) group (n=30).All patients were given Celecoxib 200 mg bid,3 days preoperative,and a single-injection femoral nerve block (SFNB) half an hour before the surgery (ropivacaine 3.3 g/L,30 ml).The LIA group was given local infiltration analgesia with ropivacaine (2.5 g/L,60 ml) and 0.1 mg epinephrine before suture the operative incision.The N-LIA group didn't do the LIA.Both of the two groups didn't use the patient controlled analgesia.The VAS scores,the knee joint range of motion,the muscle strength of quadriceps femoris and the side effects and complications were recorded.Results The VAS scores were lower in LIA group than in the N-LIA group,these scores at 2 h to 48 h after surgery at rest and after 24 h at motion had statistical significance.The range of motion and the muscular strength of quadriceps femoris in the LIA group were better than in the N-LIA group.In the LIA group the use of opioids was less and the side effects were lower.The average length of hospital stay after the operation was shorter in the LIA group than the N-LIA group.Conclusion This multimodal perioperative analgesia protocol that include SFNB and LIA offered improved pain control and minimal side effects to patients undergoing TKA.

Objective To investigate the middle-term results of anti-protrusio cage combining with allograft bone graft for revision arthroplasty of Paprosky type Ⅲ acetabular bone defect.Methods A retrospective analysis was done for 19 patients (20 hips) with Paprosky type Ⅲ acetabular bone defect who received acetabular revisions using anti-protrusio cage from January 2002 to December 2009.There were 11 males and 8 females,aged from 42 to 76 years (average,57.4 years).There were 7 hips (35％) of Paprosky type ⅢA acetabular bone defect,and 13 hips (65％) of type ⅢB.The follow-up time was (5.8±2.4) years.Hip function of patients was judged by Harris hip scores pre-and post-operation.The outcome of acetabular prostheses and bone grafts were assessed by radiologic evaluation.The five-year cage failure-free survival rate was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis.Results The Harris hip scores improved from preoperative 14.6±4.3 to 83.5±7.9 at the final follow-up.Lower limb discrepancy improved from preoperative (26.3±9.1) mm to postoperative (1.2±3.4) mm.The hip rotation center was reconstructed from preoperative(23.6±7.4) mm up-toward and (4.4±14.7) mm lateral-toward dislocation to inside Ranawat triangle.All the allograft bone was incorporated with host bone.None of cage displacement,screw fracture,progressive radiolucency and cement fracture was observed.Mild allograft bone resorption was observed in 3 hips (15％).There was no moderate or severe bone resorption found at the final follow-up.The five-year cage failure-free survival rate was 100％ (95％ CI,0.95-1.00).Conclusion The revision using anti-protrusio cage combined with allograft bone graft shows satisfying middle-term clinical and radiological results in the treatment of Paprosky type Ⅲ acetabular bone defect.