Clinical studies confirm that postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy could significantly reduce mortality rate of patients with the operable breast cancer and improve surviral rate. At present, adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer is developing for the direction of high specificity, more efficiency and low toxicity. Individualized and standardized comprehensive treatment which based on molecular genetic analysis is the direction of adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer.

The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) is a clinical trials cooperative group supported by the National Cancer Institute (NCI).The NSABP has conducted clinical trials in breast and colorectal cancer for nearly 40 years,many of which have greatly improved the therapies in breast and colorectal cancers.There have been some new advances on new adjuvant chemotherapy regimens,targeted therapy,adjuanvt and neoadjuvant therapies for rectal cancer in recent 5 years.

The vitamin C content of dateplum persimmon's leaves (Diospyros lotus) collected and processed in some months (May, Jun., Aug., Sept. and Oct.) was determined. It was found that the amount of vitamin C in these products was 2045, 2540, 2650, 2680 and 310 mg per 100 gm respectively. They were all extremely rich in vitamen C and had an average about 2500 mg per 100 gm except that processed in Oct., of which the vitamin C content declined sharply.Observation on the stability of vitamin C in the products packed with several methods and stored in different conditions and durations showed that various environmental factors exerted a considerable influence on vitamin C retention to a certain extent, especially the sunlight and relative humidity which caused seri-ous damage. In general, the vitamin C retention of products packed with various methods were above 75% after two months of storage. Even when the Product was packed by plastic film bag and stored in ordinary condition, the remaining vitamin C was still above 800 mg per 100 gm after six months.After brewing of the product for 5-10 minutes just like making tea, the percentage of vitamin C extracted was about 75% in the first brewing and 11.5% in the second. The total amount of vitamin C extracted in two brews was about 85%.

Objective To investigate the Fsp27 gene's influence on the regulation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vitro.Methods HSCs were isolated from rat liver,the Fsp27 gene was detected in primary HSCs,and activated HSCs were detected by RT-qPCR.After 72 h of Fsp27 transduction through a lentivirus expressing Fsp27 (pLV-Fsp27),the proliferation of HSCs was tested by the CCK-8 test kit,smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA) expression of HSCs was tested by Western blot,and the fibrosis-related genes were tested by RT-qPCR.Results The HSCs were isolated and cultured successfully,and the Fsp27 genetic difference between primary and activated HSCs was significant (P＜0.01).After coculture for 72 h,Fsp27 inhibited the proliferation and activation of HSCs (P＜0.05).Fsp27 can enhance expression of the MMP-2 gene and down-regulate expression of the TIMP-1 and TGF-β1 gene in activated HSCs (P＜0.05).Conclusion The Fsp27 gene can inhibit the proliferation and activation of HSCs,regulate the expression of fibrosis-related genes,and may play an important role in maintaining the quiescent phenotype of HSCs.

Objective To investigate the effect of capsaicin on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and liver fibrogenesis.Methods HSCs were cultured.The reactive oxygen in HSCs under capsaicin at different concentrations was tested by DCFH-DA kit.The proliferation of HSCs was detected by CCK-8 test kit.Smoothmuscle α-actin (α-SMA) expression of HSCs was evaluated by Western blot.The fibrosisrelated genes were tested by RT-PCR.The apoptosis of HSCs was measured by flow cytometer.Bcl-2,bax and cyt-c was detected by Western blot.A murine model of liver fibrogenes was established.Capsaicin of different concentration was injected intraperitoneally.Liver pathology was observed using HE staining.Hydroxyproline content of liver and levels of collagen Ⅲ and hyaluronic acid in serum were tested.Results In dose dependent manner capsaicin inhibited the generation of the reactive oxygen species.Proliferation and activation of HSCs was inhibited by capsaicin (respectively F =13.267,57.392,all P ＜ 0.05) and the apoptosis of HSCs was promoted by capsaicin (F =235.571,P ＜ 0.05).Bax,cyt-c and caspase-3 was increased obviously (respectively F =29.334,38.274,138.329,all P ＜ 0.05).Capsaicin changed the expression of fibrosis-related genes (TGF-β1,TIMP-1) in HSCs (respectively F =376.534,253.751,all P ＜0.05).Capsaicin downregulated the level of hydroxyproline,collagen Ⅲ and hyaluronic acid in the rat model (respectively F =153.397,27.149,38.392,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Capsaicin inhibits the proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells.Capsaicin promotes the apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells,and inhibits liver fibrogenesis.

Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is one of the primary pathway in intracellular protein degrada-tion,therefore the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme D3(UbE2D3)which involved in the ubiquitin mineralization process can affect the biological effects accordingly to affect some protein and nucleic acid content and activity. The function that participate in modification and degradation of some cancer factors is vital in tumor cells,and followed by tumor biological behavior changing. Researches show that UbE2D3 correlates with human telomer-ase reverse transcriptase( hTERT),radiation sensitivity,aggressive,etc in breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the spiritual well-being (SWB) and perceived control (PC) in adult patients with heart failure (HF),and analyze the relationship between spiritual well-being and perceived control. Methods 125 patients with heart failure were surveyed with questionnaires by convenience sampling, including Control Attitudes Scale-Revised (CAS-R) and Memorial University of Newforndland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH). Results The mean score of the spiritual well-being was(6.34± 2.92), and the mean score of perceived control was (18.40±4.39). The patients’spiritual well-being was closely related to perceived control (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the self-efficacy and the positive indicator of subjective well-being, r=0.46, negative correlation was between the self-efficacy and the negative indicator of subjective well-being, r=-0.17. There was a positive correlation between the locus of control and the positive indicator, r=0.38,while the negative correlation was between the locus of control and the negative indicator, r=-0.05. There was a negative correlation between the learned helpless and the positive indicator, r=-0.43, while the positive correlation was between the learned helpless and the negative indicator, r=0.06. Conclusions The spiritual well-being of patients is at a low level, as well as perceived control. The spiritual well-being of patients can be enhanced by means of improving the ability of perceived control.

AIM: To establish the quality control standard of Qingreling Granules (Radix Scutellariae, Fructus Forsythiae, Folium Isatidis, Radix Glycyrrhizae). METHODS: Fructus Forsythiae, Folium Isatidis, Radix Glycyrrhizae in Qingreling Granules were identified by TLC. The baicalin content in Qingreling Granules were detemined by RP HPLC with C 18 reversed phase column, methanol water phosphoric acid (65∶31∶4) as a molile phase, the detection wavelength at 280nm and flow rate at 1.0mL?min -1 . RESULTS: Baicalin showed a good relationship at a range of 0.0464～0.464?g( r =0.9996). The average recovery of baicalin in Qingreling Granules was 97.2% and RSD was 1.25% ( n =5). CONCLUSION: The method is simple, specific and accurate. This study provide a method for the quality control of Qingreling Granules.

The incidence rate of biliary tract cancer is increasing year by year. Systemic therapy is the most important treatment for patients with advanced or unresectable biliary tract cancer. Gemcitabine combined with cisplatin is still the standard first-line chemotherapy, while gemcitabine combined with TS-1 and gemcitabine combined with nab-paclitaxel are also the first-line treatment options. Studies have confirmed that immunotherapy as a back-line treatment has a significant advantage in survival, and the disease control rate of nivolumab is 61% and the median overall survival is more than 1 year. In addition, targeted drugs targeting FGFR2, IDH1/2, HER-2 and other major driving genes of biliary tract cancer also show good antitumor activity, and become research hotspots in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer. Summarizing the research progress of systematic chemotherapy, immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy for advanced biliary tract cancer can provide help for clinical practice.

Objective To construct the KU80 inhibition cell model by RNAi in U2OS cell and to explore the relationship between the Ku80,telomeres and radiosensitivity in telomerase-negative tumor cells.Methods U2OS cells were transfected with the recombinant plasmids of pshRNA-K80 by the lipofectamine,and the stable transfected cell clones were selected by G418.After the selection,the cells were collected and analyzed by the flow cytometry.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure the expression of Ku80 and Real-time PCR was used to detect the length of telomeres.The radiosensitivity of U2OS was determined by clone formation array.Results The transfection efficiency of the positive cell clones detected by the flow cytometry was (83.23 ± 7.63) ％.The inhibition rate of the Ku80 gene transcription in the cell group with recombinant plasmid was(68.09 ± 1.16)％ and the inhibition rate of the Ku80 protein expression in the same group was (11.03 ± 2.45) ％.The results of Real-time PCR showed that the telomere length of the cell group with recombinant plasmid (1.07 ± 0.07) was significantly shorter than that of the control group (4.42 ± 1.30,F =38.58,P ＜ 0.05) and that of the empty plasmid group (4.11 ±0.84,F =38.58,P ＜ 0.05).Compared to the control group,the telomere length of the empty plasmid group did not changed(4.42 ±0.84 vs.4.11 ±0.84).U2OS cells with Ku80 expression suppressed had lower SF2 than that of the control cells (F =1089.61,P ＜0.05),and resulted in the SER of 1.47.Conclusions The Ku80 inhibition cell model in telomerase-negative U2OS cell line is successfully established which has the shorter telomere length,and is more sensitive to radiation.Telomere shortening caused by pshRNA-of Ku80 is likely to be one of the mechanisms of radiosensitization in this kind of cell model.