Objective To explore a clear picture of the health human resources allocation in tertiary general hospitals in Beijing ,and propose strategies to optimize the configuration of human resources at the same level hospitals ,so as to improve the medical service quality for society. Methods Basic operational data and human resources configuration of 16 tertiary general hospitals with more than 800 beds in Beijing were col?lected by using clustering sampling and literature review ,and then a descriptive analysis of the human resource configuration data at the same level hospitals was carried out by SPSS18.0 and Excel2010. Results The number of patients increased year by year,but the average days of hospitaliza?tion showed a downward trends during 2009?2011. According to the previous way of beds to determine personnel ,there was significantly different from the actual situation. A significant quantitative correlation was foung between the physicians and the nurses,pharmacists,medical laboratory technician,and the ratio between physicians and these staffs is stable. Conclusion With the development of hospital service and increase of health human resources,health manpower ratio has changed significantly in tertiary general hospitals. A stable proportion of physicians can be used as the reference standard for hospital human resources configuration at the same level hospitals.

BACKGROUND:Animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that, functional deprivation at the early development stage may possibly cause nerve and cognition dysfunction at adulthood. However, no research focuses on the effect of olfactory function on the neurogenesis in piriform cortex of adult guinea pigs.
OBJECTIVE:To establish olfactory deprivation models and explore the effect of olfactory experience on the distribution of doublecortin, parvalbumin, glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 and the co-localization of doublecortin with neuron-specific nuclear-binding protein in piriform cortex of adult guinea pigs.
METHODS:Twenty guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups. Olfactory deprivation models were established through unilateral naris-occlusion and the occluded animals were al owed to survive 3 and 6 weeks, then the specimens were harvested. The distribution of doublecortin, parvalbumin, glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 was detected with immunohistochemistry. The co-localization of doublecortin with neuron-specific nuclear-binding protein in piriform cortex of adult guinea pigs was determined with immunofluorescence method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The number of doublecortin, parvalbumin, glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 positive cel s in piriform cortex at the undeprived side was significantly higher than that at the deprived side at 3 and 6 weeks (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the co-localization of doublecortin with neuron-specific nuclear-binding protein in piriform cortex at 3 weeks group and 6 weeks group (P>0.05). The findings suggest that olfactory experience promotes the maturation and differentiation of neurons in piriform cortex of adult guinea pigs.

Objective To explore the feasibility of using the modified continuous balloon dilatation substituting the traditional membrane-covered stent in the treatment of benign esophageal stenosis in children.Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 25 cases with esophageal stenosis from January,2012 to February,2014 was conducted.Preoperative esophageal stenosis was confirmed by angiography,and the expansion of the stenosis segment was examined after 2-4 weeks postoperatively.According to the age and the location of the esophageal stricture,25 cases were classified into two groups.Twelve cases of group A without obvious contraindications were treated by continuous balloon dilatation,while 13 cases of group B with age of less than 3 years or upper esophageal stenosis,retrievable stent implantation was performed.All cases were followed up from 6 months to 2 years.Clinical symptoms,swallowing fluency and the degree of esophageal stricture were followed up at 1,3,and 6 months postoperatively,and the effect of treatment was evaluated.Results Two groups of patients were successfully treated,and the stents were removed successfully after 2-4 weeks.The average diameter of the stenosiswas significantly increased after treatment,swallowing was improved obviously,with no perforation,hematemesis and melena and other serious complications.The balloon moved down happened in one case,which was adjusted under perspective observation.One case in group A underwent colonic interposition for esophageal replacement because of recurrence of restenosis.The balloon dilatation was effective in 10 cases.In Group B,5 patients had stent migration or displacement,3 cases had recurrent esophageal stricture,and the treatment was effective in 5 cases.There was significant difference in complications between the group A and B (x2=5.23,P＜0.05).Conelusions Continuous balloon dilatation is a simple,effective procedure with fewer complications in the treatment of children with benign esophageal stenosis.In addition to stenting,it may be another ideal choice for benign esophageal stenosis in children.

AIM: To establish the quality control standard of Qingreling Granules (Radix Scutellariae, Fructus Forsythiae, Folium Isatidis, Radix Glycyrrhizae). METHODS: Fructus Forsythiae, Folium Isatidis, Radix Glycyrrhizae in Qingreling Granules were identified by TLC. The baicalin content in Qingreling Granules were detemined by RP HPLC with C 18 reversed phase column, methanol water phosphoric acid (65∶31∶4) as a molile phase, the detection wavelength at 280nm and flow rate at 1.0mL?min -1 . RESULTS: Baicalin showed a good relationship at a range of 0.0464～0.464?g( r =0.9996). The average recovery of baicalin in Qingreling Granules was 97.2% and RSD was 1.25% ( n =5). CONCLUSION: The method is simple, specific and accurate. This study provide a method for the quality control of Qingreling Granules.

The mutation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene leads to an autosomal recessive genetic disorder cystic fibrosis (CF). The gene therapy for CF using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors delivering CFTR gene is restricted by the contents limitation of AAV vectors. In this study the split CFTR genes severed at its regulatory domain were delivered by a dual-vector system with an intein-mediated protein trans-splicing as a technique to investigate the post-translational ligation of CFTR half proteins and its function as a chloride ion channel. A pair of eukaryotic expression vectors was constructed by breaking the human CFTR cDNA before Ser712 codon and fusing with Ssp DnaB intein coding sequences. After co-transfection into baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells followed by transient expression, patch clamps were carried out to record the chloride current of whole-cell and the activity of a single channel, and the ligation of two halves of CFTR was observed by Western blotting. The results showed that the intein-fused half genes co-transfected cells displayed a high whole cell chloride current and activity of a single channel indicating the functional recovery of chloride channel, and an intact CFTR protein band was figured out by CFTR-specific antibodies indicating that intein can efficiently ligate the separately expressed half CFTR proteins. The data demonstrated that protein splicing strategy could be used as a strategy in delivering CFTR gene by two vectors, encouraging our ongoing research program on dual AAV vector system based gene transfer in gene therapy for cystic fibrosis.

We recently demonstrated that an intein-mediated protein splicing can be used to transfer B-domain-deleted FVIII (BDD-FVIII) gene by a dual-vector. In this study, we observed the effect of a variant heavy chain with six potential glycosylation sites of B domain and L303E/F309S mutations in its A1 domain, which were proven to be beneficial for FVIII secretion, on secretion of spliced BDD-FVIII. By transient co-transfection of cultured 293 cells with intein-fused variant heavy chain (DMN6HCIntN) and light chain (IntCLC) genes, the culture supernatant was analyzed quantitatively by ELISA for secreted spliced BDD-FVIII antigen and by a chromogenic assay for bioactivity. The data showed that the amount of spliced BDD-FVIII protein and coagulation activity in culture supernatant from DMN6HCIntN plus IntCLC co-transfected cells were up to (149 +/- 23) ng x mL(-1) and (1.12 +/- 0.14) u x mL(-1) respectively greater than that of intein-fused wild type heavy (HCIntN) and light chain (IntCLC) co-transfected cells [(99 +/- 14) ng x mL(-1) and (0.77 +/- 0.13) u x mL(-1)] indicating that the variant heavy chain is able to improve the secretion of spliced BDD-FVIII and activity. A cellular mechanism-independent BDD-FVIII splicing was also observed. It provided evidence for ongoing animal experiment using intein-mediated dual-AAV vector technology for delivery of the BDD-FVIII genes.

Objective To investigate the expression of the hsa-miR-155 in serum of endometrial cancer and its clinical significance. Methods Collected 44 cases blood specimens before surgery operation from Sep. 2008 to Dec. 2009, and collected 12 cases blood specimens from the health of volunteers in comparison. Real time quantity PCR was used to detect the expression of hsa-miR-155 in those specimens and analyzed clinical pathological with the expression of hsa-mir-155 in endometrial cancer. Results The expression of hsa-miR-155 was (3.9 ±0.7) in endometrial cancer, which was significantly higher than that in control group( P ＜ 0.01 ). The expressions of hsa-miR-155 were ( 3.7 ± 0.6 ), ( 3.9 ± 0.6 ) and ( 3.7 ±0.6)times in well, moderately and poorly differentiated endometrial cancer, respectively,while there were not significant difference ( P ＞ 0.05 ). The expressions were ( 3.8 ± 0.6 ) and ( 3.9 ± 0.6 ) times between endometrioid adenocarcinoma and non-endometrioid adenocarcinoma, and there were significant difference (P ＞ 0.05). The expressions were ( 2.1 ± 0.4 ) and ( 5.6 ± 0.8 ) times in stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ and Ⅲ - Ⅳ endometrial cancer, respectively, in which there were significant difference (P ＜ 0.05 ). The expressions of hsa-miR-155 were (5.5 ± 0.5 ) and ( 1.9 ± 0.2) times between lymph node metastasis and without lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer, in which there were significant difference (P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion Hsa-miR-155 may play an important role in the proliferation, and metastasis of endometrial cancer, which may be a indicator in the diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial cancer and may be used as a predictive biomarker.

To investigate the improving effect of inter-chain disulfide formation on protein trans-splicing, we introduce a Cys point mutation at Tyr(664) in heavy chain and at Thr(1826) in light chain of B-domain-deleted FVIII (BDD-FVIII). By co-transfection of COS-7 cell with the two Cys mutated chain genes, the intracellular protein splicing, inter-chain disulfide formation, secreted BDD-FVIII and bioactivity in culture supernatant were observed. The data showed that a strengthened spliced BDD-FVIII with an inter-chain disulfide detected by Western blotting and an elevated secretion of spliced BDD-FVIII (128 +/- 24 ng mL(-1)) compared to control (89 +/- 15 ng mL(-1)), assayed by a sandwich ELISA. A Coatest was performed to assay the secretion of bioactivity in culture supernatant and shown a much higher value (0.94 +/- 0.08 u mL(-1)) compared to that of control (0.62 +/- 0.15 u mL(-1)). It suggests that inter-chain disulfide formation could improve protein trans-splicing based dual-vector delivery of BDD-FVIII gene providing experimental evidence for ongoing in vivo study.

The mutation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene leads to an autosomal recessive genetic disorder cystic fibrosis (CF). The gene therapy for CF using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors delivering CFTR gene is restricted by the contents limitation of AAV vectors. In this study the split CFTR genes severed at its regulatory domain were delivered by a dual-vector system with an intein- mediated protein trans-splicing as a technique to investigate the post-translational ligation of CFTR half proteins and its function as a chloride ion channel. A pair of eukaryotic expression vectors was constructed by breaking the human CFTR cDNA before Ser712 codon and fusing with Ssp DnaB intein coding sequences. After co-transfection into baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells followed by transient expression, patch clamps were carried out to record the chloride current of whole-cell and the activity of a single channel, and the ligation of two halves of CFTR was observed by Western blotting. The results showed that the intein-fused half genes co-tansfected cells displayed a high whole cell chloride current and activity of a single channel indicating the functional recovery of chloride channel, and an intact CFTR protein band was figured out by CFTR-specific antibodies indicating that intein can efficiently ligate the separately expressed half CFTR proteins. The data demonstrated that protein splicing strategy could be used as a strategy in delivering CFTR gene by two vectors,encouraging our ongoing research program on dual AAV vector system based gene transfer in gene therapy for cystic fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the spiritual well-being (SWB) and perceived control (PC) in adult patients with heart failure (HF),and analyze the relationship between spiritual well-being and perceived control. Methods 125 patients with heart failure were surveyed with questionnaires by convenience sampling, including Control Attitudes Scale-Revised (CAS-R) and Memorial University of Newforndland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH). Results The mean score of the spiritual well-being was(6.34± 2.92), and the mean score of perceived control was (18.40±4.39). The patients’spiritual well-being was closely related to perceived control (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the self-efficacy and the positive indicator of subjective well-being, r=0.46, negative correlation was between the self-efficacy and the negative indicator of subjective well-being, r=-0.17. There was a positive correlation between the locus of control and the positive indicator, r=0.38,while the negative correlation was between the locus of control and the negative indicator, r=-0.05. There was a negative correlation between the learned helpless and the positive indicator, r=-0.43, while the positive correlation was between the learned helpless and the negative indicator, r=0.06. Conclusions The spiritual well-being of patients is at a low level, as well as perceived control. The spiritual well-being of patients can be enhanced by means of improving the ability of perceived control.