ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of rehabilitation associated with local intramuscular injection of botulinum toxic A (BTX-A) on spastic cerebral palsy (CP).Methods60 children with spastic CP were divided into experimental group and control group with 30 cases in each group. Cases of experimental group were treated with rehabilitation associated with local intramuscular injection of BTX-A. Cases of control group were treated only with rehabilitation treatment. The therapeutic efficacies of two groups were evaluated with physician rating scale (PRS) and activities of daily living (ADL) evaluation systems.ResultsImprovement of clinical evaluations index-PRS and ADL in experimental group was much more significant than that of control group (P<0.05). ConclusionRehabilitation associated with local intramuscular injection of BTX-A can improve the efficacy of spastic CP.

AIM In order to investigate whether resveratrol can be used as a kind of antiarrhythmic drug, the electrophysiological effect of resveratrol on pacemaker cells in sinoatrial node was studied. METHODS Using intracellular microelectrode technique to record the action potential of pacemaker cells in sinoatrial node of rabbits. RESULTS Resveratrol (30-120 μmol·L-1) significantly decreased amplitude of action potential, maximal rate of depolarization (Vmax), velocity of diastolic (phase 4) depolarization and rate of pacemaker firing, but did not affect maximal diastolic potential and duration of 90% repolarization of action potential. Pretreatment with L-type calcium channel agonist Bay-K-8644 (0.5 μmol·L-1) 10 min antagonized the effect of resveratrol (60 μmol·L-1). While applying cesium chloride (2 mmol·L-1), a hyperpolarization-activated current blocker, adding tetraethylammonium chloride (20 mmol·L-1), a potassium channel antagonist, or applying L-NAME (0.5 mmol·L-1), a NO synthase inhibitor, had no significantly influence on the electrophysiological effects of resveratrol. CONCLUSION Resveratrol exerts inhibitory electrophysiological effects on pacemaker cells in sinoatrial node of rabbits, which may be due to reduction in calcium influx via a NO-independent manner.

Aim To observe the cardioprotection of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) against ischemia/reperfusion injury in adult and young rats.Methods Adult and postnatal male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into four groups:control 28-day group (CON28),control 42-day group (CON42), CIHH 28-day treatment group (CIHH28), and CIHH 42-day treatment group (CIHH42). CIHH animals with maternal rats were put into a hypobaric chamber 2 days before birth to get 28 days and 42 days CIHH mimicking 3000 m altitude (P_B=525 mmHg,P_(O_2)=108.8 mmHg), 5 h daily, respectively.The control animals were kept in the same environment as CIHH rats with free access to water and food except hypoxic exposure. The isolated hearts were perfused in the Langendorff apparatus, undergoing 30 min global ischemia and 60 min reperfusion.Cardiac function was recorded continuously during the whole experiment. Parameters of left ventricular function included left ventricular developing pressure (LVDP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), maximal positive (+LVdp/dt) and negative (-LVdp/dt) velocity of left ventricular pressure, coronary flow (CF) and heart rate(HR).Results ① For adult rats, there was no significant difference in the parameters of left ventricular function between CIHH28 and CON28 groups. However, the recovery of cardiac function in CIHH42 rats was much better than that in CON42, including LVDP, LVEDP, ±LVdp/dt and CF (P<0.05). ② For young rats, the basic coronary flow (CF) in CIHH rats was significant higher than that in CON rats, while other parameters of cardiac function didn't change. The recovery of cardiac function in CIHH rats was much better than that in CON rats, including LVDP, LVEDP,±LVdp/dt and CF (P<0.05).Conclusion CIHH confers cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat cardiomyocytes, which is predominant in CIHH42 group and significantly affected by the age of animals. Cardioprotective effects produce more easily in young rats by CIHH.

OBJECTIVE: The role of different local flaps in small external nasal skin defect reconstruction was discussed. METHOD: Forty-two cases of the small size nasal defects (diameter < 2 cm) were repaired with local external nose flap (includes the dorsal nasal flap, nasolabial flap and bilobed flap). The clinical and follow-up data were analyzed of patients with small external nasal skin defects, who accepted different local flaps reconstruction. Dorsal nasal flap, nasolabial flaps (includes island flap, slid flap and axial flap) and bilobed flap were tailored to reconstruct different external nasal defect. Twenty-seven patients were male and fifteen patients were female, the patients' age ranged from 28 to 74 years, the median age was 61 years. Thirty-eight cases resulted from resection of skin malignant tumor and four cases were benign lesions. The diameter of defects was 1-2 cm. The defects were reconstructed by single-stage dorsal nasal flap in 7 cases. There were 30 cases of caudolateral nasal defects were reconstructed by nasolabial flap, single-stage island nasolabial flap in 7 cases, axial flap in 18 cases and slid flap in 5 cases. Superior lateral defects were reconstructed by single-stage bilobed flap in 5 cases. RESULT: All defects were repaired successfully. All tissue flaps survived and had not necrosis. There was no tumor recurrence during 3 months to 2 years follow-up. CONCLUSION The dorsal nasal flap, nasolabial flap and bilobed flap can be used safely and effectively to repair the small external nasal defect and have satisfactory curative effect.
Adult ; Aged ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Face ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose ; pathology ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin ; pathology ; Surgical Flaps

We have assessed the relationships between immune trait (antibody titers of Sheep red blood cell, SRBC; Avian influenza, AI; Newcastle disease, ND) and varieties of MHC B-LBHII Gene in local chicken breeds (Wenshang Barred chicken, LH; Laiwu Black chicken, LWH; and Jining Bairi chicken, BR). We selected 300 chickens randomly from the three indigenous chicken populations. The variations of MHC B-L BII gene were detected by directly DNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). The results indicated that there were about 19-22 nucleotide mutations in the three local breeds, which could affect 16-18 amino acid variations. Another results indicated that there was significantly relationship between seven to eight SNPs of the MHC B-LBII region and some immune traits (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Both locus G97A and locus T138A were found in the three species, which were significantly related to the antibodies of SRBC, ND and AI antibody titers (P < 0.05). Among them, the locus G97A was significantly associated with ND antibody titers (P < 0.05) in BR chicken, with SRBC antibody titers (P < 0.05) in LWH chicken, and with H9 antibody titers (P < 0.05) in LH chicken. Furthermore, locus T138A was significantly associated with H9 antibody titers in BR and LH chickens (P < 0.05). All those results suggest relationships among the different varieties of MHC B-LBII and immune traits in the three local breeds.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Breeding ; Chickens ; genetics ; immunology ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo analyze the causes of failure of esophageal stent implantation and explore technical improvement of re-implantation of esophageal stent (RIES).

METHODSAccording to the conditions of the failed stent implantation, 32 patients who required RIES underwent placement of more appropriate esophageal stents with an improved implantation technique. The patients were followed up for 6 months after the operation to evaluate the effects of RIES.

RESULTSThe success rate of the operation was 96.9% in these cases, and the esophageal conditions including stricture and fistula were effectively relieved. During the 6-month follow-up, stent migration occurred in 4 cases (12.5%), and esophageal fistula in the upper edge of the re-implanted stent occurred in 2 cases. No stent loss, bleeding, or stricture was found in these cases.

CONCLUSIONThe improved technique is effective for stent re-implantation after failed esophageal stent implantation with reduced complications associated with esophageal stenting.

Esophageal Fistula ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Esophageal Stenosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis Failure ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Reoperation ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo use array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) to detect unbalanced rearrangements in 4 cases suspected to have chromosome disease but were undetected with conventional karyotype analysis, and to assess the applicability of array-CGH and MLPA for detection of unbalanced translocation.

METHODSGenomic DNA was extracted with standard procedures. All cases were analyzed by array-CGH and subtelomeric MLPA.

RESULTSAll of the cases were identified to have unbalanced translocations by array-CGH analysis, among which 3 were consistent with subtelomeric MLPA analysis. For the remaining one, its chromosomal abnormality was not detected by MLPA as the imbalance has occurred outside of target regions.

CONCLUSIONBoth array-CGH and MLPA techniques can complement conventional karyotyping for detecting unbalanced translocations. The combination features both high resolution and efficiency for clinical use.

Adult ; Child ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Duplication ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Humans ; Infant ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Phenotype ; Translocation, Genetic

The adipose-derived stem cell exosomes are subcellular structures of adipose stem cells. They are nano-sized membrane vesicles that can transport various cell components and act on target cells by paracrine, and they play an important role in the exchanges of substance and information between cells. Scar healing is the commonest way of healing after skin tissue injury. Pathological scar can not only cause movement dysfunction, but also lead to deformity, which affects the appearance of patients and brings life and mental pressure to the patients. In recent years, many researches have shown that the adipose-derived stem cell exosomes contain a variety of bioactive molecules, which play an important role in reducing scar formation and scar-free wound healing, by affecting the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and the composition of extracellular matrix. This article reviewed the recent literature on the roles and mechanisms of adipose-derived stem cell exosomes in scar formation, and prospected the future application and development of adipose-derived stem cell exosomes in scar treatment.

Wound healing is a complex process of biological integration in which the adverse conditions such as excessive inflammatory reactions, cell proliferation and migration disorders, and cellular secretion impairment can lead to refractory wounds. Characterized by complex etiology, protracted condition, and high morbidity and recurrence rate, refractory wounds severely impair patients′ physical and mental health. In clinical practice, refractory wounds are primarily treated with surgical debridement and skin transplantation, but there still exist problems such as large surgical wounds, prolonged recovery time, and high recurrence rate. In recent years, owing to the multipotent differentiation, immunomodulatory, and paracrine functions of stem cells, cell-assisted lipotransfer (CAL) technique, which involves intra-body injection of a mixture of autologous adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and granular fat for refractory wound repair, has demonstrated promising application prospects. It is of great significance in its clinical application to clarify the mechanism of effects of CAL technique in refractory wound repair. The authors reviewed the research progress in the mechanism of effects of CAL technique in repairing refractory wounds to provide references for the research and treatment of refractory wounds.

Objective:To explore the clinical outcome of early endoscopic realignment with flexible cystoscope for pelvic fracture urethral injury.Methods:We retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinical data of patients with pelvic fracture urethral injuries in ER of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from March 2018 to June 2022.Seventy-six male patients with PFUI were reviewed and 60 patients were included due to the integrity of data collected. The patients were divided into early endoscopic realignment (EER) group and suprapubic cystostomy (SC) group according to the acute management. There were 33 patients and 27 patients in EER group and SC group, respectively. The age of the patients were (42.2±13.8)years and (44.1±15.0) years in EER group and SC group, respectively. The causes of the injuries were car accident, falling and crush, the percentage of the patients were 60.6%(20 cases), 33.3%(11 cases), 6.1%(2 cases) and 55.6%(15 cases), 44.4%(12 cases), 0 in EER group and SC group, respectively. The difference between two groups was statistically insignificant. The procedure of EER began with a cystostomy guided by B ultrasound, then an antegrade cystoscopy was performed through the cystostomy while negociating the bladder neck to the proximal side of injured urethra. A ureteral stent was inserted into the broken urethra and retrieved by a forceps through retrograde urethroscopy with another flexible cystoscope. We inserted a guidewire into the ureteral stent before removing it and placed a 16F urethral catheter along the guidewire. We analyzed the difference between two groups including the incidence, the length and the management of urethral stricture and the complexity of urethroplasty if needed. The simple urethroplasty was defined as performing anastomosis after dissection of the bulbar urethral and removing the scar tissue, while the procedure was defined as complex urethroplasty if ancillary procedures, such as separating the corporal bodies and partial pubectomy, was needed.Results:The EER group and SC group had 33 patients and 27 patients, respectively. The mean operation time of EER was (24.5±7.0)minutes and there was no intra-operative complications. Postoperatively, 4 cases of bleeding and 2 cases of UTI were found, which were successfully treated by conservative managements. Twenty-eight out of 33 patients(84.8%) in EER group developed urethral stricture and the mean length of it was (3.10±1.20)cm. However, all patients in SC group developed urethral stricture (100.0%) with the mean stricture length of (3.83±1.18)cm. The difference between two groups in term of the length of stricture was statistically significant ( P=0.026). 24 patients(85.7%) in EER group were treated by urethroplsty, 2 patients(7.1%) with endoscopic urethrotomy and 2 patients (7.1%) with dilation. All were treated with urethroplasty but 2 patients with endoscopic in SC group. In EER group, 8 strictures (33.3%)finished with simple urethroplasty and 16 strictures (66.7%) with complex urethroplasty.While in SC group, 6 strictures(24.0%) completed with simple urethroplasty and 19 strictures (76.0%)with complex urethroplasty. The complexity of urethroplasty performed in EER group was not statistically significant when compared with it in SC group( P=0.538). Conclusions:The procedure of EER with flexible cystoscope is reliable and safe. Most patients with formed urethral stricture after PFUI would be treated with urethroplasty. EER can reduce the urethral stricture formation and may decrease the need of the ancillary procedures during the urethroplasties if needed.