BACKGROUND:For the elderly osteoporotic thoracolumbar burst fractures without nerve root symptoms,it is difficult to choose between traditional surgical and conservative treatment,because they have their advantages and disadvantages.How to select their advantages and to discard their disadvantages? Concept of minimal invasion builds a new platform and provides a new way of thinking and therapeutic tool.OBJECTIVE:To design and develop a new thoracolumbar distraction reduction devicein vitro in the repair of elderly osteoporotic burst fractures.METHODS:We designed and developed a new type of thoracic and lumbar spinein vitrodistraction reduction device,including bracket,guide pin and two holow screws.Its characteristic is that it also contained distractor,pressurizer and wrench.In accordance with the theory of muscles as important as bones and actual anatomical condition,bone fragment in the spine canal was restored using percutaneous ligament reconstructive technique.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:This thoracic and lumbar spinein vitro distraction reduction device combined with ligament reconstructive technique can be used in elderly osteoporotic burst fractures and elderly osteoporotic compression fractures.It is percutaneous minimaly invasive operation,can restore the height of anterior and central cylinders and correct Cobb's angle through multi angle distraction.Simultaneously,percutaneousvertebroplasty can be utilized.Bone cement was infused in the injured vertebra.According to patients' economic situation,percutaneous baloon kyphoplasty can be employed.These can provide an inexpensive,less-pain,less-invasive way to repair.

Objective To investigate the effects of maternal deprivation at different time periods in rat pup development on depressions in adults.Methods Newborn SD rat pups were randomly divided into 5 maternal deprivation groups(n=5 in each group) and one control group (n=7).The rat pups in the maternal deprivation groups were separated from their mother for 6 hours in one day,at p0,p5,p 10,p15,p20 respectively,lasting for five days.Then the rats will be screened for depression at the age of 10 weeks,using different behavioral tests,which included forced swim,coat score,sucrose preference test.Norepinephrine concentration in the cerebral spinal fluid was also measured through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results Maternal deprivation for rat pups induced depression like behavior in adults.The floating time during forced swim test increased from(58.5 ±7.5) s in control group to(p0(75.6±9.4) s,p5(150.4±12.5) s,p10(174.5±14.3) s,p15(155.4±11.4)s,p20 (112.4±10.3) s respectively in maternal deprivation groups;and it was significant different among the groups(P＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group(0.87±0.1),the sucrose preference in maternal deprivation groups decreased(p0 (0.73±0.12),p5 (0.53±0.09),p10 (0.5±0.06),p15 (0.54±0.07),p20 (0.67±0.05)).And the coating scores in maternal deprivation groups decreased from 4.5±0.6 in control group to p0(3.3±0.6),p5 (2.3±0.4),p10 (1.9±0.3),p15 (2.4±0.4),p20 (4.4± 0.4).Finally,maternal deprivation also induced low concentration of catecholamine in the cerebral spinal fluid compared with that in control group (p0 (94.5± 11.5) ％,p5 (78.5± 9.6) ％,p10(67.6±±7.4)％,p1S(64.5±6.6)％,p20(88.5±7.5)％,P＜0.01,n=5-7).Conclusion Maternal deprivation at different lactation periods may induce depression behaviors in rat offspring,and also lead to lower concentration of catecholamine in the cerebral spinal fluid.

Depression is one of the prevalent causes of health-related human suffering and is,first and foremost,a disorder of one of the least-studied biological phenomena:emotion.Therefore,it is critically important to understand emotion,in order to understand the etiology of depression.Chinese medicine is the oldest subject about emotion,has developed a theory about basic emotions and their interactions,and also their roles in causes and therapy in most of human diseases,including mental disorders,such as depression.Nowadays,major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental disorder with cognitive,affective and behavioral symptoms,and has been identified as a leading cause of disability,and affecting about ～17％ of the populations worldwide.Decades of animal and clinical studies have pointed its etiology in dysfunctions in the monoamine transporters.Here we will review some literatures about the relationship between the monoamine neuromodulators and emotional theory in Chinese medicine,which might introduce theoretical perspectives in studies about emotion and depression.