5-HT immunoreactive cells(EC cells)in the gastrointestinal tract were studiedby immunogold silver staining method and PAP method in sixty human fetuses aged8-38 weeks of gestation.The results indicated that the appearance of EC cells wasas early as 8 weeks of gestation in the epithelium of duodenum.After 12 weeks ofgestation,the EC cells can be found in the whole human fetal gut.The number ofEC cells(EC cells with visible nucleus per visual field)at all period of gestationalways decreased in an order from the mucosa of duodenum,jejunum,ileum,ap-pendix,colon and stomach respectivly.EC cells in the mucosa of antrum often po-ssessed long processes contacted with other types of glandular cells.The EC cellswere open typed cells except those in the fundic mucosa.Grouped EC cells can alsobe seen in the mucosa of appendix and the intestinal glands.

OBJECTIVE: With the prolongation of life span, more and more people care their health. In this paper we summarized the studies about correlative factors of mandible osteoporosis so as to investigate the cause of osteoporosis and how to inhibit or postpone the occurrence of mandible osteoporosis and improve people's quality of life.DATA SOURCES: We searched Qsinghua Tongfang Database for papers about mandible osteoporosis published between January 1991 and May 2005 with the key words of "osteoporosis, mandible bone, alveolar bone"in Chinese. Meanwhile, related English literatures were also searched in Medline between January 1975 and May 2005 with the same key words.STUDY SELECTION: The literatures included all the related papers of correlative factors of mandible osteoporosis. Inclusive criteria were: the study types were randomized controlled trials, drug stress test and clinical drug effect test; the samples were both human and animals. Exclusive criteria: Reviews and literatures without controls were excluded.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 182 literatures related to the correlative factors of mandible osteoporosis were collected, and 36 were accorded with the inclusive criteria. The excluded were 146 papers of repeated drug effect study.DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 36 papers including 5 321 human and 152 animals analyzed the data of correlative factors of mandible osteoporosis in age, sex, hormones, biting force, physical training and living habit,etc., respectively, which included 6 interfere-test papers of ovariactomized rats.CONCLUSION: It is concluded that mandible osteoporosis can result in a part of bone mine loss, which is related to age, sex, hormones, biting force,physical exercise and living habits, and so on.

Objective To explore the joint toxic effect of formaldehyde and benzene on testicles of the mice. Methods 78 Kunming male mice were divided into groups, in the formaldehyde treatment groups were exposed at dosage of 0.2 mg/kg,2 mg/kg,20 mg/kg, in the benzene treatment groups were exposed at dosage of 100.0 mg/kg,200.0 mg/kg,400.0 mg/kg and the in formaldehyde and benzene combined treatment groups were exposed at dosage of 0.1+50.0 mg/kg,1+100.0 mg/kg,10+200.0 mg/kg respectively. The treatments were conducted by peritoneal injection for five consecutive days,once a day,then killed on 6th day. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),the contents of maleic dialdehyde(MDA),the contents of copper(Cu),zinc(Zn) in testicles of the mice were determined. Results Compared with those in the negative control groups,the activity of SOD and the contents of Cu, Zn in the testicles of the mice in each treatment group significantly decreased, while the contents of MDA significantly increased (P

The protective function of five traditional herb medicines, namely anisodamine,escin,salvia miltiorrhizae radix,astragalus root and ecdysterone, in cultured HUVECs challenged by LPS. ATP,ADP,AMP and energy charge were measured in cultured HUVECs challenged by LPS after treatment with five herb medicines. The results showed that energy charge of HUVECs decreased after LPS challenge,and increased significiantly more afer the addition of escin,radix astragali and ecdysterone than other herbs.It suggested that escin, astragalus and ecdysterone can protect HUVECs from injury induced by LPS.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficiency of the treatment with autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from blood from patients with HCC, then augmented by priming with interferon-gamma (IFN-?) followed by monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CD3 and interleukin-2 (IL-2). The autologous CIK cells thus obtained were infused back to individual patients. Altogether 30 patients undertook such treatment. The changes in subsets of lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DC1, DC2) in peripheral blood were assessed by using flow cytometry. Results The percentages of CD3 +, CD3 + CD8 + , CD3 + CD56 + , and CD25 + were increased significantly, and the proportions of DC1 and DC2 subsets were also increased after autologous CIK cells transfusion. Most (23 of 30) patients developed a fever 1-2 hours after CIK cells transfusion and the body temperature ranged from 37℃ to 40℃, lasting for 2-8 hours. Most (20 of 23) febrile patients recovered without any treatment, antipyretic medicine was given to 3 patients to allay the fever. The HCC symptoms were markedly relieved in most patients. No major side effects were found. Conclusion Our observation indicates that the treatment with autologous CIK cells for HCC patients is safe and efficacious.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of HBsAg and HBcAg in combination pulsed monocyte-derived DCs(MoDC) derived from patients with HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods MoDCs were generated from 20 HBV-associated HCC patients,and pulsed with recombinant human serum albumin(rHSA)as conDC(control DC),or pulsed with HBsAg andHBcAg in combination as scDC.Phenotypic patterns of MoDCs were characterized by flow cytometry,and the levels of cytokines releasedby MoDCs were analyzed by ELISA,and frequencies of IFN-γ-producing antigen-specific autologous T cells were measured by Elispotassay.HBV-specific CD8 T cells proliferation was determined by pentamer staining.Results 1.The levels of MHC and costimulatorymolecules expressed on scDC were significantly higher than those on immature MoDC(imaDC)in two groups,and the levels of MHC andcostimulatory molecules expressed on imaDC,conDC and scDC in HBsAg+,anti-HBe+,anti-HBc+patients(1-4-5 positive group)were significantly higher than those in HBsAg+,anti-HBc+patients(1-5 positive group);2.The levels of IL-12 and IL-10 produced byscDC were higher than those produced by imaDC and conDC in both groups,and the levels of IL-12 produced by imaDC,conDC and scDCin 1-4-5 positive group were higher than those in 1-5 positive group.3.The frequencies of IFN-γ-producing T cells induced by scDC werehigher than those by conDC in 1-4-5 positive group.4.scDCs from 4 cases of HLA-A2+patients in 1-4-5 positive group could induceautologous T cells to generate HBVcore18-27-specific CD8 T cells.Condusions HBsAg and HBcAg pulse in combination couldsubstantially reverse the impaired function of MoDCs in HBv-associated HCC patients,and boost MoDC to induce HBV-specific T cellsresponse,especially in HBsAg+,anti-HBe+ and anti-HBe+ patients.

Objective:To investigate the effects of survivin antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) on expression of survivin and ACC-M cell apoptosis. Methods: A phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) of specific target survivin was designed and synthesized and then transferred to ACC-M cell line by lipofectin. At the same time blank control group, sense oligonucleotide (SODN) group were set up for comparison. MTT assay was used to detect cytotoxicity. Apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry. Survivin expression was determined by RT-PCR and Western-Blotting. Results: Compared with control group and SOND group, in ASODN groups, the expression of survivin mRNA and protein were obviously weak, apoptosis rate apparently increased, cells growth was inhibited. There was no obviously difference in SODN and control groups.Conclusion:ASODN can down-regulate the expression of survivin gene in ACC-M cell line specifically. It plays an important role in inducing tumor apoptosis and suppressing cell proliferation.

Objective To compare the performance of novel Ag/AgCl pulverized electrodes with conventional Ag/AgCl coating electrodes in cerebral application of Electrical Impedance Tomography(EIT).Methods Based on the EIT system developed by our group,raw data were measured on a phantom and an adult volunteer,with Ag/AgCl coating electrodes and pulverized electrodes,respectively.The performances of electrode systems were evaluated in contact impedance and two other figures(the high-frequency SNR,HFSNR;the low-frequency SNR,LFSNR).Results Ag/AgCl pulverized electrode plays a better performance in resisting noise and keeping stabilization.Conclusion Ag/AgCl pulverized electrode develops the needs of imaging and monitoring human brains in EIT more availably.

Objective To study the image processing methods of electrical impedance tomography(EIT) in order to improve the display quality.Methods Evaluate the conductivity of the nodes using the conductivity of the adjacent triangle elements.The conductivity of any point in one triangle element was calculated according to the conductivity of 3 vertexes of the element by 2D linear interpolation method.Results The original blocky images of electrical impedance tomography by the triangle elements can be transformed into smoothing images.Conclusion The visual quality of the images is improved greatly.The image processing method is adaptive to all kinds of images of electrical impedance tomography based on triangle element.

The surveillance of schistosomiasis in Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province from 2004 to 2008 showed that the achievements of schistosomiasis control in local were consolidated.