OBJECTIVE: To observe the correlated serum inflammatory factor and cytokine changes in patients with coronary stent implantation, and to explore the significance of these changes.METHODS: Chinese Journal Full-Text Database was retrieved with search terms of coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary interventions, inflammation, intimal hyperplasia, apoptosis and platelet-derived growth factor from 1995 to 2008. The language was restrained Chinese. A total of 17 literatures were collected, which concerns the changes of correlated inflammatory factor and cytokine levels and its significance. The literatures were sorted according to research object, experimental grouping,sample collection, assay method, experimental result, as well as experimental conclusion. Simultaneously, the patients received coronary stent implantation was analyzed to explore the significance of inflammatory factor and cytokine changes.RESULTS: The dynamic changed serum inflammatory factor and cytokine in patients with coronary stent implantation may be associated with the following mechanisms:①Endothelial cells were easily damaged in the balloon dilatation or stent implantation,therefore, inflammatory mediators or inflammatory factors were exposed to blood circulation, which stimulating neutrophilic granulocytes and up-regulating leukocyte adhesion molecule CD11b expression. ②Many stimulus could arise nuclear factor induced inflammatory reaction, produce interleukin 6, and stimulate C-reactive protein generation. ③The level of angiotensin Ⅱ increased at several days following stent implantation, and heightened with time prolonged, the proliferation of angiotensin Ⅱ was regulated by platelet-derived growth factor. By increasing the expression of endothelin, the synthesis of endothelin was accelerated, the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells was promoted, which ultimately resulted in atherogenesis, balloon damage also involved in this process, which may be one of the mechanisms of restenosis.CONCLUSION: The changes of correlated inflammatory factor and cytokine can be served as inflammatory reaction indexes;moreover, soluble CD40 ligand, C-reactive protein and matrix metalloproteinase 9 may be associated with in-stent restenosis.