26%,42%,94% which according to Chinese Pharmacoeia(2005 Edition).CONCLUSIONS: The sustained-release tablets thus prepared is proper in technique and well in vitro release effect.

AIM: To investigate the behavior of depression in chronic alcoholism and withdrawal model of mice, and to explore the co-mechanism of alcoholism and depression.METHODS: A novel model of chronic alcoholism was constructed in this study.The animals were divided into normal control group, and alcohol 7 d, 14 d, 21 d and 28 d groups.The mice were given alcohol preference test on the 6th, 13th, 20th and 27th days.After the test, alcohol were withdrawn for 1 d, then the next day the mice were given behavior test of depression.After the test, the mice were sacri-ficed.The contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) were detected by HPLC.The expression of cAMP response element-binding protein ( CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF) was detected by Western blot.RESULTS:The mice showed an obvious drinking phenomenon, and the immobility time of forced swimming test and tail suspension test was significantly increased, with increasing drinking days and withdrawal times.5-HT level in 7 d group mice only increased in frontal cortex (P<0.05).However, compared with control group, 5-HT levels in hippocampus and cortex were decreased on the 21th and 28th days (P<0.01).NE levels in 21 d and 28 d groups were decreased in hippo-campus and frontal cortex (P<0.05), and no significant change was observed in 7 d and 14 d groups.The protein levels of p-CREB and BDNF were significantly decreased in hippocampus and frontal cortex of 12 d and 28 d groups (P<0.05), and no significant change was observed in 7 d group and 14 d group.CONCLUSION:The co-mechanism of alcoholism, withdrawal and depression is related to 5-HT.5-HT-cAMP-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway may be a common mechanism for alcoholism and depression.

Objective To study the therapeutic effects and its possible mechanism ofBushen Paidu Mixture on renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods A total of 60 mice were randomly divided into a normal group,UUO group, Bushen Paidu Mixture group and Lotensin group. Mice models were induced by unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO). Execute the mice at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after UUO. The involved kidney were separated and had HE staining. Determine integrinβ1 in kidney tissue through immunohistochemical methods. Results Integrinβ1 tissues had a weak expression in normal kidney. Integrinβ1 expressed higher in UUO group than normal group. The expression of integrinβ1 in Bushen Paidu Mixture group and Lotensin group was lower than the UUO group at every timing point. There is no significant difference between the Bushen Mixture group and Lotensin group in terms of integrinβ1 expression. Conclusion Bushen Paidu Mixture can slow down the process of renal interstitial fibrosis through regulating integrinβ1 expression.

Objective To study the hemostnsis effects of compression cords oppressing after femoral artery puncture and encheiresis. Methods Self-made compression cords were used to stop bleeding of femoral artery puncture sites in 2164 patients underwent 3046 cases of arteriopuncture encheiresis. The total eases were divided into group A (1482 eases) and group B (1564 cases) according to different treatment of oppression and breaking duration which were 8-10 hours for group A and 5-6 hours for group B, the hemostasis effects, discomfortableness and related complications within two groups were evaluated. Results The proportion of patients who got good hemostasis effects were 99.2% in group A, 99.0% in group B. There was no difference in hemostasis effects between two groups (P> 0.05). While the rate of discomfortableness in group A (63.8%) was higher than that in group B(42.9%) (P<0.05). The related serious complications were 2 patients in group A, but no occurred in group B. Conclusion Self-made compression cords op- pressing and 5-6 hours breaking time course can achieve both finer hemostasis effect and lower frequency of complications after femoral artery puncture and encheiresis.

AIM: To compare the therapeutic effects of transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSC) through different ways on diabetic mice.METHODS: hUCMSCs were labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and luciferase (Luc) reporter gene, and then the cells were transplanted into the diabetic mice through pancreas or tail vein to monitor the migration of the hUCMSCs in vivo.The pathological changes of pancreas tissue sections were determined by HE staining.Weight and blood glucose of the mice were measured dynamically.To compare the therapeutic effects, serum insulin levels were analyzed and glucose tolerance test were also performed.RESULTS: In vivo bioluminescence imaging results showed that the hUCMSCs transplanted into pancreatic capsule was mainly located in the pancreas while the hUCMSCs transplanted through vein tail injection was mainly located in the lung.HE staining illustrated that islet cells presented distinctive boundary and no infiltration of inflammatory cells in pancreatic capsule transplantation group was observed, but a little inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis formation in tail vein injection group were seen.A significant decrease in blood glucose level and a significant increase in serum insulin level in pancreas transplantation group were showed as compared with vein tail injection group.CONCLUSION: Transplantation of hUCMSCs through different approaches demonstrates different effects.The transplantation of hUCMSCs into pancreatic capsule is more effective on hyperglycemia reversion, insulin secretion and improvement of beta-cell function than that through tail vein.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Xiao'er Zhixie Paste (XZP) by using the young rat model of chronic diarrhea,and to explore its mechanism.Methods Chronic diarrhea model in young rats was induced by ig senna.Rats were ig with Montmorillonite powder of 1.62 g/kg,XZP of low,medium,and high dose (2.03,4.05,and 8.10 g/kg) for treatment.Loose stools rate,loose stool grade and diarrhea index were determined 1 and 3 d after treatment respectively.The water content of small intestine was measured and blood was collected for testing serum succinate dehydrogenase (SDH),amylase,D-xylose by colorimetric determination,testing serum D-lactic acid,IL-1 β,and TNF-α by Elisa after administration.Results The rate of loose stools in XZP 4.05 and 8.10 g/kg dose group,and diarrhea index in 8.10 g/kg dose group significantly reduced after the first treatment.The loose stools rate of XZP 2.03,4.05,and 8.10 g/kg dose group,diarrhea index,serum D-lactic acid level in 4.05,8.10 g/kg group significantly reduced,and serum D-xylose level in 8.10 g/kg dose group significantly increased 3 d after treatment.However,XZP had no significant effect on SDH,amylase activity and IL-1β,TNF-α levels.Conclusion XZP has obvious therapeutic effect on chronic diarrhea in young rats,the mechanism is to increase improve the absorptive function and permeability of intestinal tract.

Objective:To explore the rates of suicide ideation and the relevant factors among patients with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Changsha for obtaining scientific evidence to reduce suicidal ideation rates among PLWHA.Methods:A total of 504 PLWHA were surveyed in an MDS hospital in Changsha,by using Self-Made Socio-Demographic Scale,Self-rating Depression Scale,Self-rating Anxiety Scale,and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-Chinese Version.Results:There were 13.9％,26.6％ and 27.2％ of PLWHA suffered suicidal ideation in the last week,at the most depressive moments and all their lives,respectively.Being a gay (OR=4.79,2.66,2.37) or with suicide history (OR=8.56,5.63,5.56) were the risk factors for suffering suicidal ideation in the last week,at the most depressive moments and all their lives.Moreover,anxiety was the risk factor for suffering suicidal ideation at the most depressive moments and all their lives (OR=3.28,3.05),and depression was the risk factor for suffering suicidal ideation in the last week (OR=4.97).Conclusion:Among PLWHA,gay is a high risk factor for suffering suicidal ideation,and suicide history is a risk factor.

Objective To study the effects of community-based rehabilitation on cerebral apoplexy patients with cognitive disorders.Methods 30 cases of cerebral apoplexy patients were enrolled according to relevant standards,who were given standard rehabihtation care in Community Health Service Center(training group) ,while another 30 similar cases from subordinate health service stations (control group) given only rehabilitation guidance once a week.Two groups were not do professional cognitive training.All patients were assessed with Mini Mental State Examination( MMSE), Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA) and modified Bathel index rating scale(MBI) to evaluate their cognition ,movement function and activity of daily living(ADL) before training as well as after 4-week and 8-week training.Results There was no signficant difference in cognition,movement functions and ADL between training group and control group before treatment(P>0.05).The differences in the assessment of Brounnstrom scale and MBI between two groups after 4-week training were not significant( P > 0.05 ).The scores of Fugl-Meyer scale, MMSE and Barthel index of the training group after 8-week training were significantly higher than those of control group( all P < 0.05 ).Conclusion Community-based rehabilitation training could improve the movement functions and ADL,and cognitive functions of cerebral apoplexy patients.

AIM:To investigate the role of B cells in CD45RB antibody-induced transplantation immune toler-ance.METHODS:Single cell suspension was made from the spleen of BALB/c nude mice disposed by CD45RB antibod-y, then mixed cultured with T cells of BALB/c mice and spleen cells of C57BL/6 mice.The Th1, Th2, Treg and Tm cells were monitored by flow cytometry during the culture process .The skin graft model was set up with B 6.μMT-/-mice as re-ceptors and BALB/c mice as donors.CD45RB antibody was intraperitoneally injected into the receptors after transplantation and then CD3+CD45RBhi cells were detected by flow cytometry .In another mixed lymphocyte culture , CD45RB antibody was added, and then B cells were isolated and injected into B6.μMT-/-mice through the tail vein.The heart transplanta-tion model was established with B 6.μMT-/-mice as receptors and BALB/c mice as donors, and then the survival and the migration of B cells to the thymus were observed .RESULTS:When T lymphocytes were co-cultured with B lymphocytes treated with anti-CD45RB monoclonal antibody (mAb) in vivo, the percentages of Th2 and Treg cells were up-regulated and Th1 cells were down-regulated, but Tm cells were not altered as compared with the control .In vivo without B lympho-cytes, anti-CD45RB mAb also down-regulated the expression of CD45RB in T lymphocytes.The reduction was faster and the percentage of CD3 +CD45RBhi T cells was not altered as compared with the control .The B lymphocytes treated with an-ti-CD45RB mAb in vitro prolonged the lifetime of receptor in heart transplantation model but failed to induce complete toler -ance.After recieving B cells treated with anti-CD45RB mAb and allogeneic heart transplantation , B cells migrated to the thymus in B6.μMT-/-mice.CONCLUSION:B lymphocytes play a definite role in the transplantation immune tolerance induced by anti-CD45RB mAb through their affection on T-cell subgroups and also in the central tolerance .However, the induction of immune tolerance can not only rely on B cells .

BACKGROUND:In recent years a large number of studies have suggested that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can ease hyperglycemia of diabetic rats, but the related mechanism is unclear and controversial. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relevant mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on pancreas microenvironment in vivo in diabetic rats. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transfected with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and administered to diabetic rats via the subcapsular pancreas. Blood glucose levels were monitored. The expressions of the key genes in islet development in these EGFP positive pancreatic cells were analyzed by Real-time quantitative PCR at different times. EGFP and insulin double-positive cells were detected by immunofluorescence. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze cellcycle and DNA ploidy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Blood glucose levels were effectively reduced after transplantation. The expressions of the key genes in islet development reached their own peak values at different times after transplantation:Nestin at week 1, Nkx 2.2 at week 3, Pax 4 and Ngn 3 at week 4, insulin and glucagon at week 12, PDX-1 at week 8 until week 12. The cells double-positive for EGFP and insulin cells were observed. In the pancreas, EGFP positive cells at S+G 2/M phase were significantly increased, and there were no polyploid and aneuploid cells. In pancreas microenvironment, the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into the diabetic pancreas can differentiate into isletβ-like cells under gene control, but not through the fusion with tissue cells.