There is a high risk of re-stenosis after implanting blood vessels stent,the processes involves the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-Smad signaling pathways,epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and so on.The function of TGF-β-Smad signal pathways and EMT in vascular stent re-stenosis and the relevant mechanism were reviewed in this paper.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection in treating diabetic gastroparesis.MethodThe eligible subjects with diabetic gastroparesis were randomized into atreatment group and a control group following the random number table. In addition to the conventional managements for diabetes, the treatment group was given acupoint injection, while the control group was prescribed with oral administration of Domperidone tablets. For both groups, 30 d treatment was taken as a treatment course. The clinical symptoms, gastric emptying, and electrogastrogram were observed before and after treatment.Result The total effective rate was 92.3% in the treatment group, significantly superior to 85.3% in the control group (P<0.05); the symptoms including early fullness, abdominal bloating, upper abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting in the treatment group showed more significant improvements than that in the control group (P<0.05); the amplitudes and frequencies showed on the electrogastrogram before and after dinner were significantly increased after treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the treatment group was significantly superior to the control group in comparing the amplitude and frequency before and after dinner duringthe same period (P<0.05).ConclusionAcupoint injection can significantly mitigate the symptoms of diabetic gastroparesis, moreover, it can improve the gastric electrical rhythm, and it can produce a better therapeutic efficacy compared to oral medication.

This article analyses the pre-management methods and measures for the youth science fund projects granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.Systematic procedures include mobilization,preliminary research preparation,professional training and counseling,modifying the application,form and content examination,which can improve efficiency of the National Natural Science Foundation of China youth science project management.

The development of innervations of sinoatrial node in 14 fetuses and two new borns was studied by Faworsky's silver impregnation technique and the results were summarized as follows:1. The ganglia and rich nerve fibers can be observed within the sinoatrial node in approximately 16-week old fetus. It was found that in 16 to 20-week old fetus there were more nerve ganglia within the node than in the subepicardial region.2. After 24 week, the nerve ganglia of the subepicardial region were divided in to two groups, i. e, the superficial and profund groups. Their number were larger than that of the peripheral ground around the artery in the node. The nerve bun-dles were thinker and richer.3. The nerve ganglionic cells with two or more nuclei were frequently found within sinoatrial node of fetuses and new borns but are rare in adults. The size of the nerve ganglion cells in the early stages of fetuses is various but they become more similar in size with the advancing age of the fetus towards maturity.

Purpose: Three kinds of embolizing agents, sodium mirrhuate, lipiodol and gelfoam were used together in treating hemangiomas of liver, pharynx, and spleen by embolizing the arteries. Materials and methods: 35 patients with hemangiomas, 30 cases in liver, 1 in spleen, and 4 in pharynx, were treated with embolizing hepatic artery, splenic artery, maxillary arterry, and face artery, respectively. Results: Tumors decreased 20%～90% in size, and none of then had continued to grow after the treatment for 3～36 months. At the same time, the suitable dose of embolizing agent according to the size of the tumor, the injection speed, the observation of the curative effect and the precaution of the embolization were also discussed, It showed that the effect of this method was better than using only one or two kinds of embolizing agents togethes resued in only slight complications. Conclusion: We think this method is safe and effective by combined with embolizing agents in treating hemaiomas of different organs and tissues.

Radiologic examination was carried out on 114 subjects with chondromalacia ofpatella with follow up study for 1～17 years.All patients had a history of injury and/or overstrainedknee. The main early X-ray findings were :subchondral bone absorption and cystic degeneration ofpatella,sclerosis and haziness of the articular surface of patella, formation of small spur,subchon-dral bone absorption of articular surface of the femur,synovial thickening,patellar ligament widenedwith indistinct margin, hazy reticular appearance of subpatella fat, and thickened quadriceps femoraltendon etc. The X-ray manifestations of patella and adjacent tissue of patella became progressivelymore obvious but sparing the soft tissue with elapse of time.

Objective To analyse the clinical effects on colon cancer with acute intestinal obstruction.Methods 56 patients with acute intestinal obstruction caused by colon cancer were studied retrospectively.The experience of diagnosis was summarized.Results 47 patients with acute intestinal obstruction caused by colon cancer received Stage Ⅰ tumor resection and the other 9 patients received different stages.54 patients healed (96.4％) and 1perioperative deaths (1.8 ％).Postoperative complications occurred in 18 cases (32.1％) including incision infection,intraperitoneal infection and intestinal fistula.Conclusion Stage Ⅰ tumor resection is feasible and safe surgical procedures for acute intestinal obstruction caused by colon cancer.

Objective To observe the efficacy of transjugular interventional therapy for patients with hepatic myelopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS).Methods Sixteen patients with hepatic myelopathy afte TIPS were treated with interventional therapy again.Four patients who were treated with drugs through shunt previously had poor prognosis,then the remaining 12 patients treated with current limited shunt had better prognosis,which were analyzed in this study.Activities of daily living were assessed by Barthel index,limb muscle strength scores were assessed by Lovette scoring system.The changes of liver function and portal vein pressure were analyzed by paired t-test,while other data such as serum ammonia level,Barthel index,Lovette scores before and after transjugular interventional therapy were compared by analysis of variance with repeated measurements.Results All the patients had no complication after operations.The liver function and portal vein pressure of 12 patients had no significan change before and after operation.Blood ammonia value were (77.9 ± 17.9) mmol/L after TIPS,(77.9 ± 14.8),(73.4 ± 21.5),(59.5 ± 14.5),(52.0 ± 16.5) mmol/L 1,3,6,12 months after current limited shunt.Compared with that of preoperation(F =6.45,P ＜0.05),it decreased significantly at the 6th and 12th month.Limb muscle strength scores were 2.1 ± 0.7 before current limited shunt,2.3 ± 0.8,3.1 ± 1.0,3.2 ± 1.1,2.8 ± 0.9 1,3,6,12 months after the operation.Compared with preoperation (F =4.97,P ＜ 0.05),muscle strength grading improved significantly at the 3rd,6th and 12th month.Activities of daily living Barthel index were 42.1 ± 10.5 before current limited shunt,47.1 ± 11.0,45.0 ± 8.8 3,6 months after the operation.Compared with preoperation (F =5.05,P ＜ 0.05),activities of daily living had improvement.There were 3,6,2,1 cases of hepatic encephalopathy of Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ stage after TIPS.Three months after current limited shunt there were 7,3,1,0 cases,while there were 8,1,1,0 cases 6 months after the operation.In other 4 patients treated with drugs,2 patients died of liver failure,one was lost to follow.Conclusions Interventional therapy can relieve symptoms of hepatic myelopathy.The operation is safe,effective,and helpful after TIPS treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the perioperative effects of glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition support on immune function of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods:60 patients with gastrointestinal cancer randomized into three groups.The groups of A(standard TPN group)and B(glutamine-supplemented TPN group) were given an isocaloric 104.6 kJ/(kg?d) and isonitrogenous 0.20 g/(kg?d)total parenteral nutrition for 10 days(5 days before operation and 5 days after operation) together with a course of chemotherapy before operation lasting 5 days.The 25%～35% of nitrogenous source of group B was supplied by glutamine dipeptiven.The group of C(control group) was treated by routine program.All variables were measured before and after operaition.Immune function and inflammatory responses were investigated.Results:No serious complication occurred in any group during the trial.The percentages of CD3~(+)cell and CD8~(+) cell decreased in three groups after operation.The percentage of CD4~(+)cell and NK cell and the ratio of CD4~(+)/CD8~(+) of group B was the highest in the three group on the sixth day after operation.Total lymphocyte count was higher in group B than that in group A and the levels of C reactive protein and prostaglandin E_(2) in group B were lower than those in group A.Conclusions:Glutamine-supplemented TPN is beneficial in raising total lymphocyte count and decreasing the level of C reactive protein and prostaglandin E_(2).And it can also modulate immunosuppressive status and inflammatory response of postoperative patients.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of perioperative glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition support on nutritional status of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods:60 patients with gastrointestinal cancer were randomized into three groups.The group of A(standard TPN group)and B(glutamine-supplemented TPN group) were given an isocaloric(104.6 kJ/(kg?d) and isonitrogenous(0.20 g/kg?d~(-1)) total parenteral nutrition for 10 days(5 days before operation and 5 days after operation) together with a course of chemotherapy before operation lasting for 5 days.The 25%～35% of nitrogenous source of group B was supplied by glutamine dipeptiven.The group of C(control group) was treated by routine program.Nutritional status was determined by body weight,triceps skinfold thickness,arm muscle circumference,plasma concentrations of albumin,prealbumin transferin,glutamine,muscle concentration of glutamine and nitrogen balance.Results:No serious complications occurred in any groups during the trial.Body weight,triceps skinfold thickness,arm muscle circumference,plasma concentrations of prealbumin,transferin and nitrogen balance were not significantly different among groups.On postoperative day 6,the concentration of glutamine in blood and muscle in Gln-TPN group was higher than that in other two groups.Conclusions:Glutamine-supplemented TPN is beneficial to alleviating the state of catabolism caused by chemotherapy and operation.It can raise the concentrations of glutamine in blood and muscle,decrease the loss of muscle and fat tissue and promote synthesis of protein.