This article analyses the pre-management methods and measures for the youth science fund projects granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.Systematic procedures include mobilization,preliminary research preparation,professional training and counseling,modifying the application,form and content examination,which can improve efficiency of the National Natural Science Foundation of China youth science project management.

Objective:To assess the possible role of expression of TGFα and EGFR in nasal polyps and its re-lationship with PCNA labeling index. Method: Specimens from 20 patients of nasal polyps were studied with im-munohistochemical technique. Result: The expression of TGFα,EGFR and PCNA were increased in the epitheli-um, gland cells and inflammatory cells of nasal polyps. There was a close correlation between the intensities ofTGFα,EGFR and PCNA. Conclusion: TGFα may play a key role in epithelial cell proliferation in nasal polyps.

Objective:To evaluate the perioperative effects of glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition support on immune function of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods:60 patients with gastrointestinal cancer randomized into three groups.The groups of A(standard TPN group)and B(glutamine-supplemented TPN group) were given an isocaloric 104.6 kJ/(kg?d) and isonitrogenous 0.20 g/(kg?d)total parenteral nutrition for 10 days(5 days before operation and 5 days after operation) together with a course of chemotherapy before operation lasting 5 days.The 25%～35% of nitrogenous source of group B was supplied by glutamine dipeptiven.The group of C(control group) was treated by routine program.All variables were measured before and after operaition.Immune function and inflammatory responses were investigated.Results:No serious complication occurred in any group during the trial.The percentages of CD3~(+)cell and CD8~(+) cell decreased in three groups after operation.The percentage of CD4~(+)cell and NK cell and the ratio of CD4~(+)/CD8~(+) of group B was the highest in the three group on the sixth day after operation.Total lymphocyte count was higher in group B than that in group A and the levels of C reactive protein and prostaglandin E_(2) in group B were lower than those in group A.Conclusions:Glutamine-supplemented TPN is beneficial in raising total lymphocyte count and decreasing the level of C reactive protein and prostaglandin E_(2).And it can also modulate immunosuppressive status and inflammatory response of postoperative patients.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of perioperative glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition support on nutritional status of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods:60 patients with gastrointestinal cancer were randomized into three groups.The group of A(standard TPN group)and B(glutamine-supplemented TPN group) were given an isocaloric(104.6 kJ/(kg?d) and isonitrogenous(0.20 g/kg?d~(-1)) total parenteral nutrition for 10 days(5 days before operation and 5 days after operation) together with a course of chemotherapy before operation lasting for 5 days.The 25%～35% of nitrogenous source of group B was supplied by glutamine dipeptiven.The group of C(control group) was treated by routine program.Nutritional status was determined by body weight,triceps skinfold thickness,arm muscle circumference,plasma concentrations of albumin,prealbumin transferin,glutamine,muscle concentration of glutamine and nitrogen balance.Results:No serious complications occurred in any groups during the trial.Body weight,triceps skinfold thickness,arm muscle circumference,plasma concentrations of prealbumin,transferin and nitrogen balance were not significantly different among groups.On postoperative day 6,the concentration of glutamine in blood and muscle in Gln-TPN group was higher than that in other two groups.Conclusions:Glutamine-supplemented TPN is beneficial to alleviating the state of catabolism caused by chemotherapy and operation.It can raise the concentrations of glutamine in blood and muscle,decrease the loss of muscle and fat tissue and promote synthesis of protein.

Objective: Identification of the attachment site of phage PaP3 within the genome of Pseudo-monas aeruginosa PAS. Methods:The full genome of lysogenic bacteria was cleaved by Pst Ⅰ and produce a large fragment of more than 45 000 bp, which was subsequently digested by EcoR Ⅰ. Then the fragment containing DNA sequence of phage and bacteria was cloned into pFastBacTMHT A vector, and the result of sequencing indicated the right hybrid site attR. AttL was isolated by PCR on the base of integration mechanism. And then attP and attB were indentified according to the nucleotide sequences of attR and attB. Results:A sequence of 21 bp(5'-GGTCGTAGGTTCGAATCCTAC-3') was defined to be the core site of integration, which was located at t-RNAPro gene in the genome of phage PaP3 and t-RNALys gene in the genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA3. The attP and attB flanked with a set of inverted repeat and direct repeat. Conclusion:The integrated site of PaP3 within the genome of PA3 was identified and characteriged, which could be of value in investigating the mechanism of integration and gene flow between different species in the natural world.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and pathological features of solitary pterygoid benign lesions, as well as the treatment and outcome of endoscopic surgery. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 4 patients with pterygoid benign lesions in our department. High resolution CT and enhanced MRI were performed before the operations, then endoscopic surgeries were carried out under the circumstance of general anesthesia. After a follow-up in 12 months to 48 months, nasal endoscopy and MRI examination were performed. Therefore we are able to understand the situation of operations and postoperative recurrences, and to inquire about the changes of symptoms and the relief of symptoms before and after surgery. RESULT: From the Pathological diagnosis, it showed 2 cases of cystic lesions, 1 case of spindle cell lipoma, 1 case of inflammatory lesion. Postoperative follow up showed scar formation, smooth surface, no recurrence, and no new symptom. Nasal obstruction is relieved after the surgery, and no changes in the sympotoms of headache were observed. CONCLUSION The combination of high resolution CT with enhanced MRI isimportant for ascertaining the location, extent and nature of the pterygoid lesions. Endoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive, safe, and effective method for the treatment of solitary pterygoid benign lesions.
Cysts ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Headache ; Humans ; Lipoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nasal Obstruction ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Nose ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective:To explore the application and effect of team-based learning (TBL) combined with flipped classroom in the teaching of physiology.Methods:A total of 70 medical students were selected and randomly divided into two groups, experimental group ( n=34) and control group ( n=36). Both groups studied digestion physiology by different method. In the experimental group, the students were taught by TBL combined with flipped classroom. The control group was given traditional teaching. The students studied and discussed problems in a team, and shared the answers in the flipped classroom. The effects of teaching were evaluated by the final test scores and the self-made questionnaire. SPSS 17.0 was used for t test on data comparison between the two groups. Results:The test scores of digestion physiology in the experimental group were (5.47±1.02) points, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (4.42±1.63) points, with significant differences ( P=0.020). A total of 34 questionnaires were issued and 34 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 100%. The questionnaire results showed that TBL combined with flipped classroom was accepted and approved by about 82% of students in the experimental group who agreed that the teaching model helps enhance students' initiative and interest in learning, develop their sense of cooperation and comprehensive application ability. Conclusion:TBL combined with flipped classroom is feasible and effective in the physiological teaching, and it can be popularized in medical courses.

Construction of excellent professional curriculum website is the most important part of medical teaching quality and teaching innovation.Requirements,designing procedure,construction and evaluation process as well as the future development for construction of professional curriculum website of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery were proposed by applying content management system (CMS),which based on the technology of dynamic web page and database and by combining with characteristics of the discipline to resolve problems occurred in construction of tradition statical network station.High-quality professional curriculum website is expected to improve teaching quality.

Objective The study aimed to explore the relationship between AIF related pathway and the inju-ring of cultured SGNs (spiral ganglion neurons)by glutamate toxicity,and to find AIF expression and distribution changes in SGNs.Methods SGNs of 40 newborn rats within 3 day were obtained and cultured in vitro.Cultured cells were divided into four groups:the normal control group,10 mM,20 mM and 40 mM glutamate injured group, separately.After 48 h hours culturing,optical microscopy,immune fluorescence staining and real-time fluores-cence quantitative PCR were used to observe the morphology,AIF distribution,and AIF,calpain,Caspase3 expres-sion changes in SGNs in vitro.TUNEL was used to verify the cell apoptosis.ResuIts Noticeable morphological chan-ges and cell apoptosis were occurred in 20 mM glutamate group,with AIF nuclear translocation.AIF gene expression was significantly higher than normal after glutamate administration (P<0.05);moreover,calpain gene expression increased(P<0.05);but caspase3 expression was not statistically significantly increased in all glutamate treated groups (P>0.05). ConcIusion In the process of cultured SGNs injured by glutamate,AIF participated in the cell apoptosis.Noticeable cell apoptosis were occurred in 20 mM glutamate group with AIF nuclear translocation.Calpain up-expression also contributed to excitatory neurotransmitter injury on SGNs,but Caspase 3 had no obvious effects.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long term clinical effect of budesonide treatment in middle meatus for chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS) following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). METHOD: A total number of 53 patients with CRS received ESS were divided into two groups according to budesonide treatment: budesonide-treated group with 21 cases (39.6%) and control group with 32 cases (60.4%). Gelatin sponges soaked with 1 ml budesonide suspension were put in middle meatus in budesonide-treated group, while only gelatin sponges were put in middle meatus in control group. Visual analogy score (VAS), sino-nasal outcome test-22 (SNOT-22) and Lund-Kennedy endoscopic scale were carried out before ESS and two years after ESS. RESULT: In budesonide-treated group, there were a statistical difference before and after ESS in the VAS, SNOT-20 and Lund-Kennedy score (P<. 05). In control group, difference was also significant in VAS, SNOT-20 and Lund-Kennedy score before and after ESS (P < 0.05). The VAS gap of post-operative and pre-operative in two groups are significantly different (P<. 05). However, there was no significant difference in the SNOT-20 and Lund-Kennedy endoscopic scale gap before or after the operation between two groups. CONCLUSION It is safe, convenient and practicable to perform budesonide treatment in middle meatus following ESS, which can significantly ease the post-operative discomfort of nose.
Budesonide ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nose ; Paranasal Sinuses ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Rhinitis ; drug therapy ; Sinusitis ; drug therapy