Objective To investigate the relationship between ?hCG genes expression and the clinicobiological behavior of bladder cancer. Methods RT-PCR method combined with restriction endonuclease analysis was adopted to detect the expressions of ?hCG mRNA and its subtypes in 37 cases of bladder cancer tissues. Results 26 of 37 cancer tissues (70%) were positive for ?hCG mRNA expression. The positive rate was higher in invasive tumor (T 2～T 4,13/14) compared with that in superficial tumor (Ta～T 1,13/23) ( P 0.05). Most of superficial tumors only expressed ?7 gene, while invasive tumor expressed ?7,?5, ?3, or ?8 . Conclusions The positive rate of ?hCG mRNA expression is related to tumor stage. The expression of hCG gene ?5, ?3 or ?8 in addition to ?7 indicates a worse differentiated or advanced bladder tumor.

Objective To investigate the surgical managements and effects of congenital islated penile curvature. Methods The degloving of penile shaft,penile dorsal tunical plication,urethral division and urethroplasty were performed in 23 patients with this entity including 2 cases of type Ⅰ,11 cases of type Ⅱ,6 cases of type Ⅲ,4 cases of type Ⅳ,mean age 7 years (age 1 to 21 years). Results Of all 23 patients 17 cases of type Ⅱ and Ⅲ were succesfully repaired by degloving of penile shaft;1 case of type Ⅰ,by degloving of penile shaft and dorsal tunical plication;1 case of type Ⅰ and 2 cases of type Ⅳ,by degloving of penile shaft,dorsal tunical plication and urethral division;2 case of type Ⅰ and Ⅳ,by urethroplasty.One case was complicated with urethrocutaneous fistula after urethroplasty,which was succesfully repaired 8 month later;16 cases were followed up average 24 months (range 7 months to 57 months),15 cases showed complete straight penis beside one case with mild curvature less than 15 degree. Conclusions The abnormalities of skin,dartos and Buck's fasciae are main causes of congenital islated penile curvature.Penile degloving,dorsal plication are main surgical methods with minimal complications.

The condition of birth defects in our country is very serious,which impose an enormous burdenon the families and society.Under the vision of care ethics,this paper emphasizes understanding and caring,analyzes the ethical dilemma in the prevention of birth defects and puts forward the prevention measures in line with the codes of ethics,aiming at strengthening the practical effect of birth defects prevention work,caring about the physical and mental health of child-bearing female,and promoting social development.

The effect of Smac gene on the TRAIL-induced apoptosis of the prostate cancer cell line PC-3 and the molecular mechanism were investigated. The Smac gene was transfected into PC-3 cells under the induction of liposome. The intrinsic Smac gene expression was detected by Western blotting. After treatment with TRAIL as an apoptosis inducer, in vitro cell growth activity was assayed by MTT colorimetry. The apoptosis rate of PC-3 cells was determined by annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining flow cytometry. The expression of cellular XIAP and caspase-3 genes was examined by Western blotting. Smac-transfected cells (PC-3/Smac group) had significantly increased Smac protein level as compared with PC-3 controls (P<0.01). After induction with 100-200 ng/mL TRAIL for 12-36 h, cellular proliferation rate in PC-3/Smac group was significantly lower than in PC-3 controls (P<0.05). After induction with 100 ng/mL TRAIL for 24 h, the apoptosis rate in PC-3/Smac group was significantly enhanced as compared with that of PC-3 controls (P<0.05). Accordingly, the XIAP expression level was down-regulated significantly (P<0.05) and caspase-3 subunit P20 was up-regulated significantly (P<0.05). It is suggested that the over-expression of cellular Smac can inhibit inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), enhance caspases activity and the apoptosis rate of PC-3 cells induced by TRAIL, which may provide a useful experimental basis for prostate cancer therapy.

The curcumin prodrugs, which could be selectively activated in tumor cells, were prepared to establish a basis for the targeted chemotherapy for cancer. On the basis of the molecular structure of curcumin, the N-maleoyl-L-valine-curcumin (NVC), N-maleoyl- glycine-curcumin (NGC) were chemically synthesized and identified by IR and NMR spectroscopy. After treatment with these two prodrugs for 6 - 24 h, the rates of growth inhibition on human bladder cancer EJ cells and renal tubular epithelial (HKC) cells were detected by MTT colorimetry. Our results showed that after the treatment with 20 micromol/L - 40 micromol/L NVC and NGC for 6 - 24 h, the growth inhibitory effects on EJ cells were 6.71% - 65.13% (P < 0.05), 10.96% - 73.01% (P < 0.05), respectively, in both dose- and time-dependent manners. When compared with the curcumin of same concentrations, the growth inhibitory effects of these two prodrugs on HKC cells were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). It is concluded that activation of curcumin prodrugs via hydrolysis functions of cellular esterase could inhibit the growth activities of tumor cells, and reduce the side effects on normal diploid cells. This provided a novel strategy for further exploration of tumor-targeted chemotherapeutic drugs.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*pharmacology ; Curcumin/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Prodrugs/*chemical synthesis ; Prodrugs/*pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*pathology

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of DTI for prostate cancer.Methods From October 2009 to December 2010,44 patients suspected of prostate cancer received MRI and DTI.The data of MRI and DTI were analyzed retrospectively.By histopathology,prostate cancer was proved in 16 patients,and benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) was proved in 28 patients.Differences in ADC and FA values between prostate cancer and BPH were compared by independent samples t test.Diagnostic accuracy of FA value and ADC value for prostate cancer was analyzed by using ROC curve,and the diagnostic threshold of FA value and ADC value for prostate cancer was determined.Results The mean FA value of the tumor regions and BPH were 0.308 +0.084 and 0.203 ±0.029,respectively.The mean ADC value of the tumor regions and BPH were (0.883 +0.192) × 10 -3 mm2/s and ( 1.408 ±0.130) × 10-3 mm2/s,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in ADC and FA values between tumor regions and BPH (t values were 4.833 and 10.779 respectively,P＜0.01).The ADC value area under curve of ROC was 0.996 (95％ CI was 0.984 to 1.007) ; the FA value area under curve of ROC was 0.904(95％ CI was 0.812 to 0.996) ; Combined the FA and ADC value area under curve of ROC is 0.996(95％ CI was 0.984to 1.007) ; Using the ADC value of 0.725 × 10 3 mm2/s as the ROC cut off point,the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 100.0％ and 96.0％,respectively; Using the FA value of 0.311as the ROC cut off point,the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was 100.0％ and 68.7％,respectively.Conclusion DTI imaging can provide valuable information for prostate cancer diagnosis and differential diagnosis,and improve the diagnosis ability of prostate cancer.

Objective To investigate the difference of cerebral inter-hemispheric functional connectivity between the patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS) and healthy controls ( HC) by a newly developed voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity ( VMHC) method based on resting-state functional MRI ( rs-fMRI) , as well as its correlation to the structural imaging indices and clinical neurological scales .Methods Twenty patients with ALS ( ALS group ) and 20 age-, and sex-matched healthy controls ( HC group) were examined by rs-fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging ( DTI ) on 3.0 T MR imaging system ( Siemens Trio Tim ).The rs-fMRI data preprocessing were performed using data processing assistant for rs-fMRI ( DPARSF) based on Matlab 2009a, and the rs-fMRI data analysis toolkit ( REST) with an automated VMHC approach was utilized to calculate and compare the VMHC correlation coefficients between the ALS group and the HC group[P<0.05, corrected with false discovery rate (FDR)].Region of interest (ROIs) were prescribed on the regions which showed abnormal VMHC coefficients in ALS group , then the mean time series of the ROIs were extracted to examine the difference of the seed ( ROIs)-based functional connectivity between the ALS and HC groups.At last, linear correlations were performed to assess the relationships among the VMHC coefficients and clinical measures including the revised amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale ( ALSFRS-r) score, disease duration , the rate of disease progression and fractional anisotropy ( FA) values of the corpus callosum ( CC).Results Compared with HC group , the patients with ALS showed lower VMHC coefficients in the precentral gyrus ( M1 ) , postcentral gyrus ( PCG ) , inferior parietal lobule (IPL), cuneus/precuneus (Cu/Pcu), and anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC).Higher VMHC coefficients were found in the supplementary motor area , superior frontal gyrus , and middle occipital gyrus (P<0.05,FDR corrected).Significant functional connectivity alterations were detected in motor cortex and frontal/temporal/occipital lobe between the ALS and HC groups using seed ( ROIs )-based functional connectivity based on the regions which showed abnormal VMHC coefficients in ALS group ( P <0.05, AlphaSim corrected, clusters≥228 voxels).Significant positive correlation was detected between the VMHC coefficients (0.311 ±0.108) of M1 and FA values (0.394 ±0.016) of CC III region (r=0.530, P=0.016), between the VMHC coefficients (0.767 ±0.043) of ACC and FA values (0.360 ±0.105) of CC I region (r=0.513, P=0.021), respectively.Significant positive correlation was observed between VMHC coefficients (0.311 ±0.108) of M1 and the ALSFRS-r score (35.4 ±2.5) in ALS patients(r=0.447, P=0.048).There was not significant correlation observed between the VMHC coefficients and disease duration , or the ratio of disease prognosis (P>0.05).Conclusions Abnormal VMHC coefficients were detected in ALS patients.The decreased VMHC in ACC and M1 are associated with the reduced micro-structure integrity of CC, meanwhile, and they may be related to disease severity.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and vacuum sealing drainage technique on patients with diabetic foot and arteriosclerosis obliteration of the lower extremity.Methods Sixty-four patients were divided into two groups.Group A (32 patients) were treated by traditional methods,while 32 patients in Group B treated by vacuum sealing drainage technique in addition to percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.Results One week after surgery,ABI in group A was 0.53 ±0.17 vs 0.85 ±0.27 in group B,P =0.00.Ulcer healing rate increased from 31.25％ in group A to 81.25％ in group B,P ＜0.01.The amputation rate decreased from 56.25％ in group A to 18.75％ in group B,P =0.00.Claudication distance extended and ulcer recurrence rate in group A was 40％,while in group B it was 0,P =0.00.Conclusion The combination of PTA and vacuum sealing drainage significantly improves the prognosis of patients with diabetic foot and arteriosclerosis obliteration of the lower extremity.

To study the expression of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta hCG) genes in renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and benign renal disease tissues, nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and restriction endonuclease analysis were employed to detect the expression of beta hCG genes in 44 cases of RCC tissues and 24 cases of benign renal disease tissues. It was found that 52% RCC samples revealed positive for beta hCG mRNA expression. Positive rate in advanced stage and poorly differentiated RCC was higher, but there was no significant difference. The positive rate of beta hCG mRNA expression was 54% in 24 cases of benign renal tissues, including 3 cases out of 6 polycystic kidneys, 7 cases out of 13 renal atrophies, 2 cases out of 2 oncocytomas and 1 case out of 2 pyonephrotic kidneys. beta 7 was most frequently transcribed subtype gene independent on the histology. These findings suggested beta hCG gene transcription is not only involved in RCC but also in benign renal diseases.
Adult ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Kidney ; metabolism ; Kidney Diseases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Kidney Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Aim To explore the growth inhibition effects of jasmonates on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line,and to investigate its mechanisms.Methods After administration of 0.5~2.5 mmol?L-1 jasmonates for 6~24 hrs, the growth inhibition rates of SH-SY5Y cells were studied by MTT colorimetry.Cell cycle phases were assayed by propidium iodide staining flow cytometry. Cellular apoptosis was inspected by Hoechst 33258 fluorescent staining and Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining flow cytometry.Gene expressions of PCNA, cyclin D1 and N-myc were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results Jasmonates inhibited the growth of SH-SY5Y cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner,while the methyl jasmonate was the most efficient. After administration of 0.5 to 2.5 mmol?L-1 of methyl jasmonate for 24 hrs,the growth inhibition rates of cells reached 5.75%~88.7%(P