OBJECTIVE: The present study assessed the validity of the benchmark, 75 years old, that divides elderly people into an early and a late stage, based on health checkup results for two consecutive years. We also investigated prevalent health problems and improvement trends.
METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted on 1,416 subjects (1,007 early and 409 late elderly subjects) who received health checkups at the Health Care Center of the St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital between April 2006 and March 2007. The survey consisted of blood pressure, required blood test results, diagnoses according to the criteria defined by Kawasaki city, outcomes, and the presence or absence of a primary care doctor.
RESULTS: The number of subjects with anemia and/or renal dysfunction was significantly greater in the late elderly than the early elderly (p<0.01). The results of the survey demonstrated that 79.6% of the early elderly and 87.4% of the late elderly had primary care doctors (p<0.01). In the early elderly, 57.0% of the subjects with primary care doctors and 43.2% of those without primary care doctors showed improvement; the subjects with primary care doctors showed significant improvement compared to those without primary care doctors (p<0.05). In the late elderly, 50.2% of the subjects with primary care doctors and 54.2% of those without primary care doctors showed improvement, resulting in no significant difference between the subjects with and without primary care doctors.
CONCLUSIONS: We found differences in the detected health problems and outcomes between the early and late elderly. These results support the appropriateness of the current age segmentation and future prospects for medical care in detecting and managing health problems in the elderly.

  A 4–year trial of an undergraduate medical care education program for smoking cessation with the participation of simulated patients is described. Simulated medical care with the participation of simulated patients is thought to motivate medical students to learn clinical skills for smoking cessation. However, simulated medical care for smoking cessation is difficult to plan when both the medical students and the simulated patients are nonsmokers.