Russia's post-degree medical education first appeared in the end of the 19th century and had improved along with the progress in science, technology and education. From 1990s, new waves of technology revolution and the rise of post-occupation training further pushed the post-degree medical education to move forward. Legally established post-degree education as a form of occupational education enables Russian medical professionals to constantly update knowledge and absorb new information to keep up with the new developments in medical science and technology. In this sense, post-degree medical education has become a major way to train not only medical professionals but professionals of acupuncture and moxibustion, and thus has been of great significance for TCM and acupuncture to transmit and develop in Soviet Union and Russia. This paper introduced the general situation of post-degree medical education in Russia, its influence to the transmission and development of TCM and acupuncture in Soviet Union and Russia, as well as the enlightenment to medical education.

Objective:To observe the effect that covering the nerve suture with CSPGs-gelatin sleeve after the sciatic nerve transection in SD rats, and evaluate its effect to improve nerve regeneration in peripheral nerve transection model.Methods:Covered and protected the sciatic nerve by end-to-end suture in the SD rats with CSPGs-gelatin sleeve. From July, 2019 to September, 2019, 24 SD rats were randomly and evenly divided into 3 groups, which were direct suture group, gelatin sleeve group without CSPGs (blank group), and CSPGs-gelatin sleeve group (CSPGs group). In each group, 3 rats were used to mark fluorescent gold at 5 weeks after operation. At 6 weeks after operation, histological and electrophysiological tests were performed to evaluate the tissue regeneration in the end to end suture and the effect of peripheral nerve regeneration after transection in the other 5 rats. One-way ANOVA was used for data analysis. If the difference between groups was statistically significant, LSD method would be further used for pairwise comparison. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The escape distances in direct suture groups, blank group and CSPGs group groups were (787.19±213.77) μm, (547.17±167.71) μm and (350.60±68.58) μm, respectively; The numbers of the axons that grow into the distal basement membrane tube in 3 groups were (6 360±736.89) /mm 2, (8 040±673.05) /mm 2 and (9 000±644.20) /mm 2, respectively; The numbers of sensory nerve cells that were marked by fluorescent gold in the dorsal root ganglion were (124.35±25.88) /mm 2, (165.36±30.74) /mm 2 and (208.98±20.51) /mm 2 in 3 groups, respectively. The differences were significant compared with the CSPGs-gelatin sleeve group ( P<0.05). Thus, it led to a better nerve regeneration after transection in CSPGs-gelatin sleeve group according to the electrophysiological test and histological section observation of gastrocnemius muscles( P<0.05). Conclusion:CSPGs loaded in the gelatin sleeve can inhibit axons regeneration, and prevent the regenerated axons escaping from the end to end suture that may cause disorder axons regeneration or traumatic neuroma, and therefore improve the effective nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury in SD rat.