The objective of study was to investigate the influence of alcohol concentration and amount,soaking time on extraction rate from Rhizoma Atractylodis Macroephalae with the method of uniform design. We concluded that this method has potential as a good method for experiment design with many factors during the screening of optimum extraction process of Chinese medicine preparations.

Application of a number of philosophical ideas is instructive in eliminating the opposition on the doctors'right to inform and the patients right to being informed,building a harmonious relations between doctors and patients and correctly understanding and carrying out the informed consent.

Objective To study the signs and the value of CT enhanced scanning in diagnosing the liver cancer combined arteriovenous fistulae(AVF).Methods 50 cases of the liver cancer combined AVF had plain and enhanced scanning by spiral CT,then proved by hepatic arteriography.The signs of CT and hepatic arteriography were contrast analyzed.Results CT scan showed 17 cases of artery-portal vein fistulae (centre),10 cases of artery-the small branch of portal vein fistulae(periphery),3 cases of artery-liver vein fistulae,5 cases combined the signs aforementioned,2 cases combined the artery-portal vein fistulae and the artery-liver vein fistulae,and the 13 cases no the characteristic signs of CT,37 cases of the signs of AVF were found by CT,sensitivity 74%.26 cases were diagnosed as AVF,postitive rate 52%.Conclusion The development of portal vein and/or the inferior caval vein ahead in artery phase,especially the parenchyma of the lobes,segments and subsegments of liver,may be a foundation of the diagnosis of AVF.And we discussed the limitation of the CT examination in diagnosing this complication.

AIM:To investigate the effect of ginkgo leaf extract on oxidative stress and haemodynamics of diabetic nephropathy(DN).METHODS:The patients of DN were divided into ginkgo leaf extract treatment group and control group.The changes of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),malondialdehyde(MDA) and hemorheology indexes were observed.RESULTS:Before treatment,serum SOD,GSH-Px,MDA and hemorheology indexes had no significant difference between ginkgo leaf extract treatment group and control group.After treatment,the serum levels of T-SOD and GSH-Px were increased;the level of MDA,hemorheology indexes,erythrocyte aggregation index and platelet aggregation rate were decreased significantly in ginkgo leaf extract treatment group compared with those in control group(P

Objective: To study the optimum extracting factors of Bushenjiangu Capsule. Methods: Uniform Design was used to arrange experiments, Ursolic acid content was used to evaluate the factor levels, and the optimum extracting factors were determined according experiments and realities. The orthogonal design was used to study three factors including crude drug size extracting time and amount of water. water extracted rate and alcohol extracted substance were used to evaluate the result. Results: The optimum alcohol-extracting factors were 8 times of 70% alcohol, percatating 48 hours. The optimum water-extracting factors were 1cm or smaller the crude drug size, boiling 3 times: 3h,2h,1h, each time, the amount of water was 10,8,6 times. Conclusion: According the optimum extracting factors, the effective substance can be extracted abundantly.

Objective:To summarize the research advance in antitumor activity of dandelion in recent 5 years.Methods:The lit-eratures on the antitumor activity of various extracts of dandelion in recent 5 years were collected , including the effective components such as polysaccharide , triterpenes , phytosterols , flavonoids and organic acids etc .Results:Dandelion showed antitumor activity .The polysaccharide ingredients could effectively prevent the proliferation of pancreatic cancer PANC -1 cells, lupeol could reduce the activity of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and beta sitosterol could induce the apoptosis of human cervical cancer Hela cells .Conclusion:Dande-lion is effective in the treatment of pancreatic cancer , breast cancer and cervical cance etc .The antitumor activity of the other active in-gredients in dandelion needs further research in order to provide complete theoretical and experimental evidence for the potential appli -cation as antitumor medicine in clinics .

Objective To assess the effect of family doctor team care on morbidity of disabled elderly in home care.Methods Eighty six disabled elderly patients with home care in Shanghai Xujiahui community were enrolled from February 2014 to January 2015.The patients were randomly divided into intervention group and control group with 43 cases in each.In intervention group,the family doctor team provided long-term,comprehensive and integrated care,and in control group the conventional home care was provided.The rates of morbidity and readmission to hospital were documented during the 3,6 and 12 monthfollow-up,and compared between two groups.Results The incidence rates of bedsore,pneumonia and deep vein thrombosis in intervention group was significantly lower than those in control group [after 6 months:4.9％ (2/41) vs.28.9％(11/38),x2 =8.311;2.4％ (1/41) vs.21.1％ (8/38),x2 =6.769;2.4％ (1/41) vs.15.8％ (6/38),x2 =4.353,respectively;after 12 months:2.4％ (1/41) vs.42.1％ (16/38),x2 =18.374;4.9％ (2/41)vs.28.9％ (11/38),x2 =8.311;7.3％ (3/41)vs.28.9％ (11/38),x2 =6.328,respectively;all P ＜0.05].The number of cases with bedsore healing(6/7 vs.0,x2 =18.555)and pneumonia recovery[5/6 vs.4.3％ (1/23),x2 =18.092] was significantly more and that with pneumonia deterioration (0 vs.52.2％ (12/23),x2 =5.340)was significantly less in intervention group than those in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).More cases with deep vein thrombosis improved(1/3 vs.0,x2 =3.949) and less cases with deep vein thrombosis deteriorated(0 vs.8/11,x2 =5.091) in intervention group than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).And both the readmission rate for home care patients [2.4％ (1/41) vs.36.8％ (14/38),x2 =15.175] and for patients with complications [1/12 vs.43.8％ (14/38),x2 =4.872] was much lower in intervention group than that in control group (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The family doctor team care can reduce the risk of complications and readmission to hospital,and also can improve the quality of life of home care disabled elderly,as well as reduce the burden of family and society.

Objective To investigate the correlation between three gene locus polymorphisms of X-ray repair cross-complementary protein 1 (XRCC1) exon (Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln) and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods A case-control study was performed in 250 CRC patients (case group, 128 colon cancer patients and 122 rectal cancer patients) and 213 healthy individuals (control group). The three gene locus polymorphism of XRCC1 was tested by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The genotype distribution and allele frequency of each locus was analyzed with SPSS 10.0 software. Results There was no significant difference in allele frequency of XRCC1 at 194 and 399 loci (P > 0.05). However, the 280 Arg/His allele frequency of XRCC1 was higher in case group than that in control group (OR=1.66,95%CI:1.01~2.73,P=0.047). The 280Arg/His allele frequency was higher in rectal cancer group than that in control group (OR =1.82,95%CI:1.02~3.27). The frequency of 280His allele (Arg280His and His280His) was higher in case group than that in control group (OR=1.85,95%CI:1.06~3.22). However, it was a relative low risk factor of colon cancer and there was no significant difference between colon cancer group and control group (OR=1.85, 95%CI:1.06~3.22). Conclusions There was no correlation between XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln polymorpohisms and the risk of CRC. However, 280Arg/His genotype may increase the risk of CRC, and 280His allele is a risk factor of rectal cancer.

Taking Shinshu University of Japan for example,we attempted to introduce the postgraduate clinical education system for new oral surgeons by analyzing the management of clinical training programs,studies of oral maxillofacial and associated medicine,and practices of scientific research in the department of oral surgery.Their experiences may be useful for us to improve our medical continuing education for young oral surgery residences.

This study was aimed to observe changes of key molecular in insulin signaling pathway in the hypothala-mus of rats to explore the mechanism of spleen yin deficiency diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD) and Zibu Piyin Recipe (ZBPYR) in order to provide new ideas and new clues for treatment of DACD. Rats were randomly divided into five groups, which were the control (Cont) group, diabetes (DM) group, spleen yin deficiency (pi) group, spleen yin deficiency diabetes (piDM) group and the ZBPYR group. Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) serine phos-phorylation levels and protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) serine phosphorylation levels which were involved in the insulin signaling were observed by western blotting in the hypothalamus to determine whether there were insulin signaling obstacles in the hypothalamus of rats. The results showed that the expression of p-IRS-1ser in the DM group, pi group and piDM group was increased compared with the Cont group (P< 0.05); while the p-Akt expression of the DM group and piDM group was decreased (P< 0.05). The expression of p-IRS-1ser in the ZBPYR group decreased compared with the DM group and piDM group (P< 0.05); while the level of p-Akt increased compared with the DM group and piDM group (P < 0.05). It was concluded that insulin signaling was not transduced normally in the hy-pothalamus of the DM group, pi group and piDM group. Insulin resistance may occur in the hypothalamus. And ZBPYR can correct insulin signaling transduction disorder.