OBJECTIVE:To study the preparation,quality control,pharmacodynamics and toxicology of Houyanqingshui honeyed pills(HHP).METHODS:The content of glycyrrhizic acid in HHP was determined with HPLC;the anti-inflammato?ry,analgesic and expectorant actions of this preparation and the acute and long-term toxicity were observed.RESULTS:The linear range of glycyrrhizic acid in HHP was0.0384～0.615mg/ml.The recovery was(99.20?1.75)%.The preparation had anti-inflammatory,analgesic and expectorant actions and to obvious acute and long-term toxicity was found.CONCLUSION:HHP is simple in preparation technic,controllable in quality,reliable in therapeutic effect and safe in use.

Objective To investigate the compatibility of Shuanghuanglian Injection mixed with Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection and Ribavirin Injection. Methods Under room temperature, the changes of appearance were determined by pH meter and particle counter for Shuanghuanglian Injection mixed with Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection and Ribavirin Injection. Results There were no evident changes in appearance and pH of Shuanghuanglian Injection mixed with Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection and Ribavirin Injection. The number of particles (diameter≥25 μm) of Shuanghuanglian Injection mixed with Cefazolin Sodium for Injection and Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection was increased after 0.5 h. Conclusion Shuanghuanglian Injection can be mixed with Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection and Ribavirin Injection for bigeminy, while should not for multitherapy.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of oxetacillin and sulbactam in oxetacillin-sulbactam tablets.METHODS:20healthy male volunteers were randomly divided into2groups.In a crossover de?sign,a single oral dose of two tablets of domestic oxetacillin-sulbactam tablets or imported Tai Ba Meng LBL 500 tablets(one tablet of the two formulations contains oxetacillin250mg,sulbactam250mg)were given,then the drug concentrations in plas?ma were assayed by RP-HPLC.RESULTS:The pharmacokinetic parameters of oxetacillin in domestic and imported tablets were as follows:T max were(1.04?0.26)h and(1.10?0.28)h;C max were(5.16?1.30)mg/L and(5.25?1.21)mg/L;AUC 0～∞ were(13.30?3.12)mg/(h?L)and(13.33?3.53)mg/(h?L)respectively.The pharmacokinetic parameters of sulbactam in domestic and imported tablets were as follows:T max were(0.80?1.0)h and(0.81?0.17)h,C max were(5.73?1.44)mg/L and(5.70?1.46)mg/L,AUC 0～∞ were(13.25?2.41)mg/(h?L)and(13.28?2.26)mg/(h?L)respectively.CONCL_ USION:Domestic oxetacillin-sulbactam tablets and imported Tai Ba Meng LBL 500 tablets were bioequivalent.

Objective:To determine the inhibitory effect of Rupixiao ( RPX) granule on mammary gland hyperplasia ( HMG) in rabbits and explore the possible mechanism to provide reference for clinical medication. Methods:Rabbit model of mammary hyperpla-sia was established by estradiol benzoate and progesterone. Xiaoyao pills and tamoxifen were used as the positive control, and the RPX granule group was respectively at low, medium and high dose (0. 525,1. 05,2. 1 g·kg-1). Each group was with intragastric adminis-tration for 30 days. The levels of E2 , PROG, FSH, LH and PRL in serum and the expression of VEGF in the homogenate tissue were determined by an Elisa method. The breast tissue of rabbits in each group was withdrawn to observe the structure changes after Hema-toxylin-eosin staining ( HE) . Results:Ovarian preservation-benzoic acid, estradiol combined with progesterone could be used to estab-lish mammary gland hyperplasia in rabbits. RPX granule could significantly decrease the serum levels of E2 and PRL (P<0. 01)and increase that of PROG (P<0. 01 or P<0. 001). The results of pathological section showed that the breast structure in RPX granule high dose group could be restored to the level of the blank control group, which showed its therapeutic effect on HMG was better than that of tamoxifen and Xiaoyao pills. The expression of VEGF in each treatment group significantly decreased compared with that in the model group by the Elisa reagent (P<0. 001). Conclusion:RPX granule has good efficacy in HMG rabbits. The inhibitory effects of RPX granule on HMG in rabbits maybe related to the inhibition of VEGF in rabbit breast tissues, and the inhibition of RPX granule was similar to that of tamoxifen and Xiaoyao pills.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of ultrafine grinding technology on the dissolution of triterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum.METHODS: UV spectrophotometry was used to determine total extration rates of triterpenoids from G. lucidum. HPLC method was used to determine the contents of 9 kinds of triterpenoids (ganoderic acid A, ganoderic acid B, ganoderic acid C, ganoderic acid C1, ganoderic acid C2, ganoderic acid D, ganoderic acid E, ganoderic acid G, ganoderic acid H) from G. lucidum. The total extration rates and the contents of 9 kinds of triterpenoids were compared between 30, 50, 80 mesh common G. lucidum powder and 300 mesh G. lucidum ultramicro powder. RESULTS: The total extraction rates of triterpenoids from 30, 50, 80, 300 mesh G. lucidum powder were (0. 74 ± 0. 08)％,(0. 75 ± 0. 06)％,(0. 78 ± 0. 06)％,(1. 09 ± 0. 10)％ (RSD< 2％, n=3), respectively. With the increase of the mesh number of G. lucidum powder, the contents of triterpenoids were increased gradually, and were the highest in 300 mesh, which was significant higher than common G. lucidum powder (P<0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: After ultrafine grinding, the dissolution of triterpenoids from G. lucidum is increased.

OBJECTIVETo establish seedling classification criteria of Coptis chinensis.

METHODThe height of plant, leaf number, leaf length, leaf wide, weight of leaf, weight of root were measured, the main measurement indexes of seedlings of C. chinensis were chosen through correlation and regression analysis. The seedling classification criteria were formulated by dynamic clustering analysis.

RESULTThe criteria of the 1st-grade seedlings were as follows: leaf number above 8 leaves, height of plant between 12 and 14 cm. The criteria of the 2nd-grade seedlings were as follows: leaf number between 6 and 8 cm, height of plant between 9 and 12 cm. The criteria of the 3rd-grade seedlings were as follows: leaf number between 4 and 6 cm, height of plant above 9 cm.

CONCLUSIONThe seedling classification criteria of C. chinensis was scientific and feasible, and can be used for the quality control standard of C. chinensis.

China ; Cluster Analysis ; Coptis ; classification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Leaves ; classification ; Plant Roots ; classification ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; Seedlings ; classification

OBJECTIVETo study the dynamic accumulation of the effective components and biomass of Coptis chinensis, so to provide the experimental date of optimal harvest time for C. chinensis in Hongya county.

METHODThe samples of three to five years were gathered from the same field and time. The biomass was analyzed by weighed. The jatrorrhizine, columbamine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine and berberine in C. chinensis were analyzed by HPLC.

RESULTWith the increasing of years of growth, the rootstalk biomass of C. chinensis was increasing continuously. The biomass growth of four-year-old C. chinensis was the fastest in the year. From September to October was the fastest season of the growth of rootstalk. The dynamic accumulation in rootstalk C. chinensis had regularity in the certain extend. The contents of six alkaloids and all alkaloids in 4-year-old C. chinensis were more than that in 3-years-old and 5-year-old. The contents of six alkaloids were mostly highest in August. From July to December, there is no significant difference in the contents of columbamine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, berberine and all alkaloids in 4-years-old C. chinensis.

CONCLUSIONAccording to the biomass and the accumulation pattern of the effective components in the C. chinensis, the optimal harvest time is from September to October of 4-year-old C. chinensis.

Alkaloids ; analysis ; Biomass ; Coptis ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Seasons

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of adult Chinese patients with syncope.Methods:This is a cross-sectional survey study. Patients with preliminary diagnosis of syncope in the Emergency Department, Geriatrics and Cardiology Outpatient Department, or Syncope Unit of 37 hospitals in 19 provinces, autonomous regions and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region from June 2018 to March 2021 were included in this study. The clinical features of these patients with syncope were analyzed.Results:A total of 4 950 consecutive patients with syncope were included in this study. The age was (56.3±16.8)years, and 2 604 cases (52.6%) were male. The most common type of syncope was neurally mediated syncope (2 345 (47.4%)), followed by cardiac syncope (1 085 (21.9%)), orthostatic hypotensive syncope (311 (6.3%)), and unexplained syncope accounted for nearly one third (1 155 (23.3%)). Predisposing syncope was more common in patients under 65 years of age(2 066(72.4%) vs. 786(27.6%),χ 2=136.5, P<0.001). Presyncope was more common in patients with neurally mediated syncope (1 972(79.0%) vs.1 908(73.9%), χ 2=17.756, P<0.001). Premonitory symptoms were more common in women(1 837(80.0%) vs. 1 863(73.0%),χ 2=33.432, P<0.001). Presyncope syndrome was more common in patients under 65 years of age (2 482(77.8%) vs. 1 218(73.4%),χ 2=17.523, P=0.001). Cyanosis was more common in ≥65 years old patients (271(18.2%) vs. 369(12.7%), χ 2=23.235, P<0.001). Urinary incontinence was more common in old patients aged ≥65 years(252(15.2%) vs. 345(10.8%), χ 2=19.313, P<0.001). Family history was more common in patients with cardiogenic syncope compared with other types of syncope (264(24.3%) vs. 754(19.5%), χ 2=11.899, P=0.001). Hypertention(1 480(30.5%)), coronary heart disease(1 057(21.4%)), atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation(359(7.2%)), second degree atrioventricular block(236(4.8%)) were common complications of syncope. The proportion of patients with coronary heart disease was significantly higher in cardiac syncope than that of other types of syncope(417(38.4%) vs. 640(16.6%), χ 2=241.376, P<0.001). Other common complications included cerebrovascular diseases (551 (11.1%)) and diabetes mellitus (632(12.8%)). Conclusions:Neurally mediated syncope is the most common syncope in adult Chinese population. Patients with predisposing conditions and premonitory conditions are younger. Presyncope is more common in women. The proportion of family history and coronary heart disease is higher in patients with cardiogenic syncope.