This paper presented the relationship between age and Ⅹ—ray signs in metacarpophalanges of children's hands with Kashin—Beck disease. The result showed that Ⅹ—ray signs of metaphysis in metacarpophalanges of children were decreased with age ,but the types and the positive rate of Ⅹ—ray signs in the distal end of bones ,epiphyses and carpals were increased with age. The authors consider that articular lesions in Kashin—Beck disease will be more serious and enlarge with age.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of bladder extracellular matrix (BACM) seeding with autologous cultured vaginal smooth muscle cells (VSMC) repaired rabbit vaginal defect.Methods This study included 24 female rabbits.BACM and vaginal acellular matrix (VACM) were obtained from 8 rabbits by decellularization process.The other 16 rabbits were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.Vaginal tissue biopsies ( ～ 1 cm2) were harvested from female New Zealand rabbits.VSMC were cultured and stained with a-smooth muscle actin antibodies. Cultured VSMC cells were seeded on BACM ( experimental group) or VACM ( control group) at a cell density of 1 × 107 cells/cm2.The cell-seeded matrixes were cultured for 5days.In experimental group of 8 rabbits,a 2 cm segment of vagina was resected and replaced with BACM seeding with VSMC.Then the regenerative segment was studied with histological technique by hematoxylin-eosin staining after 3,6 and 12 weeks postoperative aud vaginography was performed at 12 weeks postoperative.The 8 rabbits in control group underwent the exact same procedure as above but the vaginal defect was repaired with VACM seeding with VSMC,Results The prepared BACM and VACM were transparent,HE staining and scanning electron microscopy showed the two acellular matrix was both consisted of abundant network of fibers with the regular arrangement,without cellular debris.Primary culture of VSMC was successfully established and passaged,and was uniformly spindle-shaped in the confluent state and showed a characteristic hill and valley'formation.Immunohistochemical staining showed VSMC in culture stained positively with a-smooth muscle actin antibodies.VSMC began to adhere to the BACM 5 hour after implanting and the number of the adhered cells increased with time.Cells gradually expanded and showed the typical morphology of smooth muscle cells.Three weeks after implantation in vivo,the luminal surface of matrix was completely covered by vaginal epithelial tissue,a layer of smooth muscle cells was formed in the outer surface of the matrix.Multilayered vaginal epithelial and improved development of organized muscle bundles was observed after 6 weeks.The regenerative tissue was equivalent to the normal vaginal tissue at 12 weeks postoperatively.Vaginography demonstrated the maintenance of full patency and a wide vaginal caliber without fibrosis and graft rejection.There was no significant difference in all evaluated items between experimental and control groups.Conclusions BACM has the same regenerative process as VACM in the replacement of vaginal defect.Moreover,BACM has wider source and appears to be an suitable material for vaginal replacement.

Objective To detect the mouse testicular gene expression pattern differences be-tween spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) proliferative and differential stages and study the molecular reg-ulation mechanism in SSC proliferation and differentiation. Methods With the interval of 24 days, male Kunming mice were injected intraperitoneally with two doses of busulfan (10 mg/kg) to establish spermatogenesis regeneration models. 36 k Mouse Genome Array was used to detect the differential gene expression profiles between the stages of SSC proliferation and differentiation. Bioinforrnsties analysis was conducted in GO (gene ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Ge-nomes) pathway to describe the potential roles that may play in spermatogonial stern cells behavior regulation. Results Nine hundred and eleven differential expression genes were identified by gene arrays in mice testes, consisting of 608 up-regulated and 303 down-regulated in SSC proliferation stage and SSC differentiation stage. The differential expression genes were classified by their biological process, molecular function and cellular component, respectively. Alterations with statistical signifi-cance (P<0.05)appeared in 84 KEG(;signal pathways, including Notch and Wnt signaling pathways which had been proved to be important for stem cell maintenance. Fifty-six differential expression genes were selected as genes related to stem cells, among which 40 genes were up-regulated, including some stem cell biomarkers(such as Cd9, StraS, hgbl-, Oct4 and Thyl)and some growth factors(such as Fgf2, Pdgfa and Csfl). Conclustion The regulation of SSC proliferation and differentiation involves inmany differentially expressed genes in various signal pathways. This study provides a molecular basis for the elucidation of the molecular mechanism behind self-renewal and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of letrozole combined with traditional Chinese medicine for ovulation dysfunction induced by polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS). METHODS: 300 PCOS outpatients were randomized to 3 groups of 100 each: clomiphene citrate (CC) group (188 cycles);urinary gonadotropin (HMG) group (104 cycles) and letrozole (LE) group (155 cycles). The occurrence rate of mature follicle,ovulation rate,pregnancy rate,abortion rate,superfoetation-terata rate,cancellation rate,incidence of no dominant follicle forming and OHSS etc were compared between the two groups after treatment. RESULTS: 30 babies were born in CC group,34 in HMG group and 43 in LE group were born. The occurrence rate of mature follicles,ovulation rate and pregnancy rate in the LE group were higher than in either CC group or HMG group(P0.05);the superfoetation rate in HMG group was higher than in CC group or LE group(P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Sun's tip-flexible ureterorenoscopy (tf-URS) combined with holmium laser lithotripsy in treatment of renal and upper ureteral calculi.MethodsClinical data of 48 patients (29 males and 19 females) with renal and upper ureteral calculi treated by tf-URS with holmium laser lithotripsy in our hospital from November 2015 to May 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Among 48 patients there were 29 males and 19 females with a mean age of (37.8±12.5) years (21-67), including 31 cases of upper ureteral calculi and 17 cases of renal calculi with a mean stone size of (1.4±0.6) cm (0.8-2.1).The tf-URS was advanced through the ureter under visual direction with rigid mode.When the endoscope reached the ueteropelvic junction, the inner flexible part was extended out to explore the pelvicaliceal stones and then the holmium laser lithotripsy was performed.The therapeutic results were evaluated by KUB 2 days after operation and color ultrasonography or CT 4 weeks after operation.Results The success rate of insertion of tf-URS was 94% (45/48).The calculi were detected in 45 cases, and laser lithotripsy succeeded in 43 cases (96%).The rate of total stone clearance was 87% (39/45).The procedure was transformed to laparoscopic or percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in 3 patients with ureterostenosis or ureteral distortion.No serious complications occurred.Conclusion The tf-URS with holmium laser in the treatment of renal and upper ureteral calculi is safe,reliable and effective.

Objective To evaluate the clinical characters, management and prognostic factors of patients with differentiated invasive thyroid carcinoma (DITC). Methods The data were analyzed retrospectively for 114 DITC patients treated at Department of Head and Neck Surgery of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method, comparison among/between groups was performed using log-rank test, and multivariate analysis was carried out using Cox proportional hazard model. Results After surgery, 68 patients were with tumor residue. The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rate were 91.9% and 80.1% respectively in all patients, while the 10-year overall survival rate were 88.5% 、78.5% and 53.1% in no tumor residue group, micro-residue group and grossresidue group respectively. This study failed to prove that radiotherapy might improve the survival rate in patients with postoperative tumor residue. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, invasion to esophagus and recurrence predict the prognosis. Conclusion DITC may be treated mainly by surgical operation. Radical resection is the key factor in the treatment of DITC. Patients with DITC have a relatively poor prognosis.Age, esophagus invasion and status of tumor residue are the most important factors affecting the prognosis.

Objective To establish a long-term culture system for mouse spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs). Methods Testis cells from 4-6 days postpartum male transgenic BALB/C mice were collected by a modified two-step enzymatic digestion method.After three differential adherence selections,the enriched germ cells were finally suspended in StemPro-34 SFM medium supplemented with other nutrients factors and plated on mouse embryonic fibroblast(MEF)feeder layer.20 ng/ml Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,10 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor and 200 ng/ml GDNF-family receptor al were added to the serum-free medium to promote SSCs proliferation.Aduh male BALB/C mice,4-5 weeks old,underwent intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg busulfan as recipient mice.Cultured SSCs were also injected into the seminiferous tubules of the left recipient testis through micromanipulator and right testis as self-control.Testes of recipient mice were observed by a fluorescence stereomicroscope and HE stains at 2 months after transplantation. Results By improved digestion method,the vitality of isolated testis cells was more than 98%and the stem cells was enriched about 18.5 fold. 1-2 days after transferred to MEF feeder, the round germ cells started to proliferate and had the shape of paired or aligned undifferentiated spermatogonia connected by cytoplasmic bridges. After 3-4 days, SSCs proliferated continuously and formed typical colonies. SSCs from BALB/c mice could be cultured and passaged in a steady state for 3 months. Cryostat section through the transplanted testis showed that most of seminiferous tubules were filled with germ cells expressing EGFP.HE staining further showed clearly that seminiferous tubules contained complete spermatogenesis.Conclusions SSCs from BALB/c mice could be cultured in an improved culture system for 3 months.The culture system could facilitate understanding the regulatory mechanism that governs SSCs and might provide an opportunity for the cure of infertility.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between genetic polymorphisms of DNA repair genes of XPD (751 Lys/Gln), XPC (PAT)and susceptibility to laryngeal carcinoma. To explore the effect between DNA repair genes of XPD (751 Lys/Gln), XPC (PAT) and carcinogenesis of LSCC(laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma). METHOD: A case-control study was conducted involving 233 LSCC patients and 102 healthy controls to investigate the association between polymorphisms of XPD(751 Lys/Gln), XPC (PAT) and LSCC. All blood samples of the Han people from the Guang Dong Zone was analysze with methods of PCR, PCR-RFLP, ASA and the technique of checking DNA sequencing with sequenator. We explored the association between polymorphisms and the clinical pathologic characteristic of LSCC. The data was compute with SPSS13.0. Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% CI for relevancy intensity were calculated using binary logistic regression analysis. REULT: There is no difference of the frequency of XPC-PAT and XPD (751 Lys/Gln) genotype between in LSCC and in healthy contradistinguish (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION There may be no association between the susceptibility to laryngeal carcinoma and the genotype of XPC-PAT and XPD (751 Lys/Gln).
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA Repair ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein ; genetics

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in patients younger than 45 years. Methods Clinical data of all patients less than 45 years old at presentation with DTC in our hospital from Jan 1985 to Dec 1997 were analyzed retrospectively. Single variable analysis was performed by life-table method. Multivariate analysis was performed by Cox proportional hazard model. Results Two hundred and seventy two cases were analyzed. The overall 10-year survival rate was 93. 0%. The main prognostic factors influencing survival were age at presentation, the status of lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis; distant metastasis was the risk factor independently influencing survival by multivariate analysis. Conclusions Distant metastasis is the factor influencing survival significantly. The prognosis of these patients without distant metastasis is good. Total or near-total thyroidectomy and postoperative 131I therapy may be essential for a better prognosis in patients with distant metastasis.

Objective To explore the therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects of decitabine combined with half dose CAG regimen and only CAG regimen for the elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods A total of 42 elderly patients with AML aged between 65 and 75 years old (except for acute promyelocytic leukemia) admitted into Heze Municipal Hospital from August 2013 to August 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into treatment group and control group according to the different chemotherapy regimens.Twenty patients in the treatment group were treated with decitabine combined with half dose CAG regimen (recombinant granulocyte colony stimulating factor + cytarabine + aclarubicin),and 22 patients in the control group were treated with CAG regimen.Results After the first course of treatment,in treatment group,13 cases achieved complete remission (CR),3 cases achieved partial remission (PR),4 cases achieved non-remission (NR),and the total efficacy (CR+PR) rate was 80.0 ％ (16/20).In control group,8 cases (36 ％) achieved CR,2 cases achieved PR,12 cases achieved NR,and the total efficacy rate was 45.5 ％ (10/22).The difference in total effective rate between the two groups was statistically significant (x2 =3.707,P =0.035).There was no significant difference in the bone marrow recovery time,the infusion of red blood cells and platelets between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The therapeutic efficacy of decitabine combined with half dose CAG regimen is better than that of CAG regimen,the adverse effects are all tolerated,and it can be served as the prior therapy for elderly AML patients.