Biomedical engineering is an inter-discipline developed from the combination of science,engineering and biomedicine. This paper aims to point out the advantages and problems of the biomedical engineering faculty through the analysis of professional background of medical college,and propose solutions to this problems.

Objective Deletion detection of Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD).Methods Totally 135 patients were tested through polymerase reaction of amplification with 12 dystrophin exons,polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis make gene analysis.Results The deletion of different region was found in 54 patients.Conclusion The deletion region is concentrated in 45～53 exons,the deletion of 48 exons is the peak.

BACKGROUND: Research on seed cells is the most important aspect in the filed of tissue-engineering research, and because of their various ad vantages, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been taken as the ideal bone tissue-engineering seed cells. OBJECTIVE: To observes the growth characteristics of in vitro cultured BMSCs and their osteogenetic characteristics under non-inducing conditions. DESIGN: A single sample experiment.SETTING: Implanting Center of Stomatological Hospital of Fujian Medical University MATERIALS: This experiment was conducted at the Central Laboratory of Stomatological Hospital of Fujian Medical University, between May andDecember 2003. BMSCs are derived from the primary passage to the 3rd passage of in vitro cultured cells from 4 one-year old dogs. METHODS: Under the aseptic conditions, bone marrow puncture was made at bilateral femur trochanter and 5 mL of heparin anticoagulatedbone marrow was obtained. Then it was placed in 50 mL of anti-Dulbecco's modified Eagle's culture medium in centrifuge tube for monocyte isolation. The BMSCs single cells were primarily isolated and placed in culture box for subculture. After 48 hours, culture medium was removed and the medium was cha1ged once every 3 days. Then subculture was carried on continuously to observe BMSCs in morphology under inverted the phase contrast microscope with the assistance of HE staining. The number of cells was counted daily to calculate doubling time and to draw a growth curve. Alkaline phosphatase was detected by using calcium-cobalt method,and chinalizarin staining was used to detect the growth state of calcification tubercle. MAIN UTCOME MEASURES: ①Optical microscopic structure of dog BMSCs; ② The growth curve of dog BMSCs; ③Observation of osteogenetic index- alkaline phosphatase and calcification tubercle. RESULTS: ① Morphological observation indicated that BMSCs were adherent to the walls, clonogenic and appearing fibroblastic phenotype, and they presented morphological changes without exposing to osteogenetic inducer. ② The expression of Alkaline phosphatase in primary cells was stronger, and it was strong in the 1st passage cell, but weak in the 2nd and 3rd passage cells. ③Calcium deposition was observed, which was stronger in primary cells than in subcultured cells. CONCLUSION: ①BMSCs massively proliferated during in vitro culture,capable of differentiating into osteoblasts and considered as the optimal seed cells for bone tissue-engineering reconstruction. ② BMSCs derived from the 3rd passage has osteogenic activity, but the osteogenic activity of the primary cultured cells was stronger than thatr of the subcultured cells.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic factors affecting recurrence,progression,bladder preservation,metastasis and cancer specific survival in patients with primary superficial transitional cell carcinoma of bladder. Methods Using Kaplan Meier method,Log rank test and Cox proportional hazards model,the retrospective survival analysis was performed in 198 patients with primary superficial transitional cell carcinoma of bladder. Results The mean follow up period was 79.76 months.The recurrence rates at 3 ,5 ,10 year were (28.75?0.78)%,(35.70?0.16)%,and (42.83?0.00)%,respectively.The main variables affecting recurrence were the duration of symptoms,histological grades and intra operative blood transfusion.The progression rates at 3 ,5 ,10 year were(8.89?0.33)%,(15.16?0.16)%,and (23.88?0.00)%,respectively.The main variables affecting progression were intra operative blood transfusion,histological grades,the number of reexaminations and recurrence free period (RFP).The rates of bladder preservation at 3 ,5 ,10 year were(94.68?0.23)%,(93.87?0.00)%,(91.51?0.00)%,respectively. The main variable affecting bladder preservation was RFP. The metastasis rates at 3 ,5 ,10 year were (8.25?0.22)%,(11.24?0.00)%,(28.94?0.00)%,respectively.The main variables affecting metastasis were tumor multifocality, hydronephrosis,microscopic growth pattern and RFP. The cancer specific survival at 3 ,5 ,10 year were (95.02?0.00)%,(90.70?0.46)%,(77.14?1.06)%,respectively.The variables that could predict cancer specific survival were microscopic growth pattern and RFP. Conclusions By cancer specific survival analysis of the follow up data,we can well identify the main prognostic factors from numerous ones,and also can design the therapeutic and follow up strategies for primary superficial transitional cell carcinoma of bladder.

BACKGROUND:The researches about the effect of retinoic acid on the proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells are rare, and the researches on the testosterone are mainly on the inhibition of cellaging. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of retinoic acid and testosterone or combination on the cellcycle of adipose derived stem cells. METHODS:Adipose derived stem cells were isolated from adult female Sprague Dawley rats with 2 months age and cultured in vitro til passage 3 adipose derived stem cells, and then the 3rd passage adipose-derived stem cells were performed with adipogenic induction, osteogenic induction and surface marker identification. The cells were divided into six groups:(1) Control group;(2) 10-5 mol/L retinoic acid group;(3) Retinoic acid group;(4) 10-5 mol/L retinoic acid+testosterone group;(5) 10-6 mol/L retinoic acid+testosterone group;(6) Testosterone group. The adipose-derived stem cells in the control group were cultured with Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium+10%fetal bovine serum culture medium, and the adipose-derived stem cells in the other five groups were induced with corresponding dose of retinoic acid and testosterone on the basis of control group. After cultured for 36 hours, the flow cytometry was used to detect the changes of cellcycle. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, cellproportions in phase G 1 of 10-5 mol/L retinoic acid group and 10-6 mol/L retinoic acid group were increased significantly, and the cellproportions in phase S were decreased. Compared with control group, the cellproportion in phase G 1 of testosterone group was significantly reduced, and the cellproportion in phase S was increased. Compared with 10-5 mol/L retinoic acid group and 10-6 mol/L retinoic acid group, cellproportions in phase G 1 of 10-5 mol/L retinoic acid+testosterone group and 10-6 mol/L retinoic acid+testosterone group were reduced significantly and the cellproportions in phase S were increased. Retinoic acid can inhibit the cellcycle of adipose-derived stem cells in phase G 1 , and delay the process of the cellcycle from phase G1 to phase S;while testosterone can promote the cellcycle of adipose-derived stem cells from phase G1 to phase S;the combination induction of retinoic acid and testosterone can accelerate the process of the cellcycle of adipose-derived stem cells from phase G 1 to phase S.

Objective To compare the image quality and radiation dose of prospective electrocardiogram(ECG)-triggered high-pitch spiral scan,prospectively triggered sequential scan and retrospectively triggered spiral scanning mode by dual-source CT in the follow-up of coronary artery bypass graft(CABG).Methods Totally 90 patients with stable heart rate(≤65 beats per minute)after bypass surgery were randomized to undergo prospective high-pitch spiral scan in group A (n=30),prospective sequential scan in group B (n=30),and retrospective spiral scan in group C (n=30).The patency and image quality of the grafts were blindly evalua-ted by two independent readers.Moreover,radiation dose of the three modes were evaluated.Results Scanning time of group A was significantly shorter than that of group B and group C (P<0.05).The average image quality score had no significant difference among three groups(H=0.449,P=0.799).The effective radiation dose of group A,group B and group C were (2.64±1.21)mSv, (6.48±2.58)mSv and(18.95±7.16)mSv,which was significantly lower in group A(H=101.21,P=0.00).Conclusion In pa-tients with a stable HR of 65 beats per minute or less,high-pitch spiral CT scan provides similar image quality at lower radiation dose compared with sequential scan and retrospective spiral scan,which can be widely used as a non-invasive effective tool for the post-operative follow-up of CABG.

Objective To explore the effect of different scan parameters and algorithm on detection of iron deposition with coexsiting fat by dual soure CT.Methods One ml homogenate of normal rat liver tissues and 1 ml iron dextran solution with different concentrations (50.000,25.000,12.500,6.250,3.125,and 1.560 mg/ml) were fully mixed respectively.The 6 test tubes were scanned by dual source CT in the mode of dual energy to gain the iron specific slope.Different concentrations of dextran iron(50,40,30,20,10,and 5 mg/ml),triglyceride(volume percent were 60％,30％,and 10％,respectively),and homogenate of normal rat liver tissues were mixed.All 18 tubes were scanned by dual source CT with 80-140 kVp and 100-140 kVp,and all these images were reconstructed by filtered back projection (FBP) and singogram affirmed iterative reconstruction(SAFIRE).Raw data were reconstructed by filtering and iterative method.△H value (△H =CT value low kVp-CT valuehigh kVp) and overlay value of three substances decomposition algorithm were measured and analyzed by t test.The Spearmen correlation was applied in iron concentration and measured values.Results Iron specific slope was found to be 1.9392.When 80-140 kVp and 100-140 kVp were applied,△H values were (198 ± 28) and (152 ± 18) HU by using FBP reconstruction,and △H values were (191 ± 23) and (149 ± 17) HU by using SAFIRE reconstruction.The differences were statistically significant(t =-2.934 and-3.492,P =0.032 and 0.017).Overlay values were (381 ±54) and (236 ±31) HU by using FBP reconstruction,and overlay values were (399 ±53) and (276 ± 43) HU by using SAFIRE reconstruction.The differences were also statistically significant (t =-5.739 and-7.949,P =0.002 and 0.001).Under the same energy portfolio but different reconstruction,both △H and overlay value showed no differences (P ＞ 0.05).Except for the conditions with 100-140 kVp tube voltage,△H had no correlation with iron solution concentration (P ＞ 0.05) under either FBP or SAFIRE reconstruction.When other reconstruction methods and tube voltage combination were used,overlay or △H value showed correlation with iron solution concentrations (r value ranged from 0.959 to 0.997,P values ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Different energy portfolios of dual source CT will act on the measured value of iron deposition.The measured values will not be affected by ways of reconstruction.For the detection of iron coexisting in fat,overlay values of material decomposition algorithm is better.

Obiective To screen serum biomarkers in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)by SELDI-TOF-MS technique.Methods SELDI-TOF-MS technique and CM10 Protein Chip were used to detect serum protein patterns of 46 patients with primary hepatic carcinoma and 64 healthy persons.The different proteins were obtained by the Biomarker Wizard software between the patients and healthy persons.The best biomarker of primary hepatic carcinoma was selected by evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of the protein.Results 16 protein peaks were obviously different between the patients and the healthy persons (P ＜0.05).The protein peaks of m/z 6845.70 had the highest diagnosis value with a sensitivity of 89.1％ (41/46)and specificity of 87.5 ％ (56/64).This protein was likely to be a part of the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region.Conclusion The protein of m/z 6845.70 is potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC.SELDI-TOF-MS technique is a quick,simple,convenient and high through-put technology for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To search for differentially expressed proteins in normal ovaries,benign,borderline and malignant ovarian tumor protein. Methods The protein from ovarial carcinoma tissue and benign ovary was drawn, and analyzed with SELDI-TOF MS. Results There are some high expression proteins in ovarian cancer tissues: M/Z 15 112.15, 15 296.79, 7560.78, 16 049.39, 7682.06, 7932.30,15 851.32, 4619.68 and 8052.10. Borderline ovarian tumor protein peak were between benign and malignant:M/Z 15 112.15, 15 851.32, 7560.78, 7682.06 and 7932.30. Conclusion There were some differentially expressed proteins in different ovarian tissue. They might lay the molecular basis for the clinical diagnosis and therapy of ovarian cancer.

Objective:This study aimed to explore the effect of Yes-associated protein (YAP) on the growth of the human glioma cell line LN229. Methods:YAPsiRNA was transfected into LN229 cells to knock down the YAP expression. The downregulation of the YAP expression was identified through Western Blot analysis. Colorimetric assay using methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium was applied to evaluate cell proliferation ability. Cell invasive activity was examined using Transwell assay. Flow cytometry and AnnexinV were used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis, respectively. The relevant molecules regulating proliferation, invasion, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis were examined through Western Blot analysis. Results:The YAP expression was downregulated after YAPsiRNA was trans-fected into LN229 glioma cells. Reduced YAP expression could arrest the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, inhibit cell proliferation and inva-sion, and promote apoptosis. The expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki-67), matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), cy-clin D1, and Bcl-2 were downregulated. Conclusion:The downregulation of YAP in LN229 cells suppresses cell proliferation and inva-sion, as well as promotes cell apoptosis. This study provides a novel evidence for further study on Hippo-YAP signal pathway in molec-ular pathology of glioma.