Objective To investigate the chemical constituents in the stems and leaves of Arachis hypogaea.Methods The isolated compounds Ⅰ—Ⅳ were obtained by the combination of silica gel,ODS-18,and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies.Structural elucidation was conducted by the moedrn spectral method.Results Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified from the water extraction,and there were four norsesquiterpene compounds from butanol extraction.They are arachiside A(Ⅰ),cucubalactone(Ⅱ),roseoside(Ⅲ),and citroside A(Ⅳ).Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a new compound named arachiside A and compounds Ⅱ—Ⅳ are isolated from the plants of Arachis Linn.for the first time.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the leaves of Piper laetispicum.Methods Compounds were separated and purified by silica gel column and macroporous resin.Their structures were identified on the basis of spectral methods.Results Sixteen compounds were isolated and identified from the leaves of P.laetispicum:(2E,4E)-N-isobutyl-11-phenylundecadienamide(Ⅰ),(2E,4E)-N-isobutyl-15-phenylpentadecadienamide(Ⅱ),laetispicine(Ⅲ),(2E,4E)-N-isobutyl-7-(3',4'-methylene-dioxyphenyl)heptadienamide(Ⅳ),brachystamide A(Ⅴ),dihydropipercide(Ⅵ),pipermacramide A [(2E,4E)-N-isobutyleicosadienamide,Ⅶ],(+)-spathulenol(Ⅷ),d-sesamin(Ⅸ),piperitol(Ⅹ),vitexin(Ⅺ),vitexin-2″-O-?-D-glucoside(ⅩⅡ),N-p-coumaroyltyramine(ⅩⅢ),?-sitosterol(ⅩⅣ),stigmasterol(ⅩⅤ),and 1-dotriacontanol(ⅩⅥ).Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ and Ⅱ are isolated for the first time as natural substance,compounds Ⅴ,Ⅵ,and Ⅷ are first isolated from P.laetispicum,compounds Ⅺ,ⅩⅡ,and ⅩⅥ are obtained from the plants of Piper L.for the first time.

Objective To study the chemcial constituents in the root and stem of Piper laetispicum. Methods Compounds were separated and purified by silica gel column. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectral methods. Results Six compounds were isolated and identified from the root and stem of P. laetispicum: N-isobutyl-(3, 4-methylendioxyphenyl)-2E, 7E-nonadienamide (Ⅰ), pipercallosidine (Ⅱ), N-isobutyl-7-(3, 4-methylendioxyphenyl)-2E, 4E-heptadienamide (Ⅲ), 4, 5-dihydropiperlonguminine (Ⅳ), 1-cinnamoylpyrrolidine (Ⅴ), piperitol (Ⅵ). Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a novel one, named as laetispiamide B and compound Ⅱ is isolated from P. laetispicum for the first time.

Objective To investigate the effects and the mechanism of thrombospondin 4 (Thbs4) gene-edited bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) in diabetic rats with hind limb ischemia. Methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the model group, BMSCs treatment group and Thbs4-BMSCs treatment group on average. After constructing the typeⅡdiabetic rat model with hind limb ischemia, 100μl normal saline, BMSCs suspension and Thbs4-BMSCs suspension (cell number: 2×106) were locally injected into the ischemic injury area of rats for the model group, BMSCs group and Thbs4-BMSCs group, respectively. The rats were sacrificed on the 14th day after stem cell transplantation, and the muscle tissues near the ischemic area were collected. The relative expression of VEGF and p-Smad2/3 protein was detected by Western Blot. The Ang-1 protein expression was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The levels of related genes were detected by qRT-PCR, and the von Willebrand Factor (vWF) protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. Results The relative expression levels of VEGF, Ang-1 and vWF protein in the Thbs4-BMSCs group were significantly higher than those in the model group and BMSCs group (VEGF protein:P<0.01 and P<0.05). The mRNA expression of VEGF and Ang-1 were significantly up-regulated, the differences were statistically significant(VEGF mRNA:all P<0.01;Ang-1:P<0.01 and P<0.05). The expression of p-Smad2/3 protein in the Thbs4-BMSCs group was significantly higher than that in the model group and the BMSCs treatment group (all P<0.01). The expression of p-Smad2/3 protein was significantly decreased after the addition of p-Smad2/3 pathway inhibitor, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Thbs4-BMSCs transplantation can effectively promote angiogenesis in diabetic rats with hind limb ischemia, and the effect of angiogenesis may be related to the activation of Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the effect of postoperative hypoalbuminemia on acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods:The clinical data of adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery under CPB were retrospectively analyzed. The difference between preoperative and postoperative serum albumin level was compared. The patients were divided into hypoalbuminemia group (≤35 g/L) and non-hypoalbuminemia group (>35 g/L) according to the lowest serum albumin concentration within 48 hours after surgery. The incidence and severity of postoperative AKI were compared between the two groups. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the effect of postoperative hypoalbuminemia on the incidence of postoperative AKI.Results:Among the 749 patients, the serum albumin level after cardiac surgery was significantly lower than that before surgery ( Z=-15.739, P<0.001), and the proportion of patients with hypoalbuminemia increased from 9.6% to 27.6% ( χ2=83.516, P<0.001). Postoperative AKI occurred in 273 patients, including 109 cases (52.7%) in hypoalbuminemia group and 164 cases (30.3%) in non-hypoalbuminemia group. The incidence of AKI in hypoalbuminemia group was significantly higher than that in non-hypoalbuminemia group ( χ2=32.443, P<0.001), and the severity of AKI in hypoalbuminemia group increased than that in non-hypoalbuminemia group ( Z=-2.098, P=0.036), and the time of hospital stay extended ( Z=-2.442, P=0.015). After adjusted by gender, age, preoperative hypoalbuminemia, comorbidities (hypertension, hyperuricemia, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease), renal insufficiency, preoperative heart function, coronary angiography, CPB time, aorta blocking time, type of heart surgery and postoperative hypotension, binary logistic regression analysis revealed that postoperative hypoalbuminemia was an independent risk factor for CPB-associated AKI ( OR=2.319, 95% CI 1.586-3.392, P<0.001). Conclusions:AKI is a common complication following cardiac surgery under CPB. Serum albumin after CBP is significantly lower than that before CBP, and postoperative hypoalbuminemia within 48 hours after surgery is an independent risk factor for AKI.