OBJECTIVE: To develop a pre-column derivatization HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of the contents of alendronate and the related substance ?-aminobutyric acid in alendronate tablets.METHODS: After AccQ pre-column derivatization,the sample was determined with Diamonsil C18 column used as stationary phase and acetonitrile-35 mmol?L-1 acetate buffer solution(13.5∶86.5,V/V) as a mobile phase.The flow rate was 0.7 mL?min-1 and the column temperature was set at 35 ℃.RESULTS: Alendronate and ?-aminobutyric acid were well-separated and able to be determined simultaneously,with their linear ranges at 30.9～990 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 6) and 0.307～960 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9),respectively and their average recovery rates at 99.3～100.8% and 99.3～100.2%,respectively.The intra-day RSDs of both were no more than 0.8% and their inter-day RSDs were no more than 1.9%.CONCLUSIONS: The method is simple,selective and suitable for the determination of alendronate and the related substance ?-aminobutyric acid of alendronate tablets.

[Objective]To evaluate the effects of percutaneous plantar fasciotomy guided by real-time B-ultrasound in the treatment of recurrent plantar fasciitis. [Method]From June 1997 to May 2007,611 feet of 472 patients suffering from recurrent plantar fasciitis were treated with percutaneous plantar fasciotomy guided by real-time B-ultrasound.All the patients were aged from 20~71 years(mean 53.4 years) with the duration of disease from 6 months to 20 years(median 12 months).There were 177 males and 295 females.One foot was involved in 285 and two feet in 187 patients.A total of 611 feet,with the illness duration more than 6 months and VAS(Visual Analog Scale) ≥6 and having B-ultrasound manisfestations such as thickening of plantar fascia on calcaneum,were underwent percutaneous plantar fasciotomy guided by real-time B-ultrasound.Before operation VAS was 6 to 10(mean 8.4).Totally 376 patients were followed from 6 to 36 months(mean 18.4 months).[Result]Postoperative VAS was 0 in 349(92.8%),1~2 in 27 patients(7.2%).The time needed to achieve best postopetative effect was 7 days to 6 months.Of all the patients,302(80.3%) achieved the best effect within 7 to 14 days,56(14.9%) within 2 to 3 months and 18(4.8%) within 4~6 months.No patients were found to have complicated incision infection or injuries to medial or lateral plantar vessels and nerves.Incision scar was not obvious in all cases.[Conclusion]It can be concluded that percutaneous plantar fasciotomy guided by real-time B-ultrasound is a simple,safe and effective operative procedure in the treatment of recurrent plantar fasciitis.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the HPLC method for content determination of Azithromycin suspension.METHODS:The determination was performed on Venusil XBP-C18(L) (150 mm?4.6 mm,5?m) column with mobile phase consisted of 0.05 mol?L-1 dipotassium phosphate (pH value adjusted to 8.2 by 20% phosphoric acid)-acetonitrile (45:55) at flow rate of 1.2 mL?min-1.Injection volume was 20 ?L and UV detection wavelength was set at 210 nm.RESULTS:The good resolution between peaks of azithromycin and that of adjacent purity was more than 1.5.The linear range of azithromycin was 0.01～5 mg?mL-1 (r= 0.999 9) with an average recovery of 98.83%(RSD=0.54%,n=6).The precision of intra-day,inter-day and with-day were all lower than 2.5%.CONCLUSION:The method is specific and accurate for the content determination of Azithromycin suspension.

Objective To investigate the dose fraction of gamma knife treatment brain deep larger glioma clinical efficacy.Methods To adopt rotating gamma knife in dose fraction treatment of brain deep larger(d＞3 cm),64 cases of gliomas,were installed stereotactic head frame can repeat accessories,for a day,for two consecutive days to five,each around 5-10 Gy for each treatment,fixed the first-place after the removal,the next treatment repeat.ReslIlts After 6 to 24 months of follow-up was 57 patients,complete response(CR)in 8 cases,partial response(PR)in 29 cases,the total efficiency of 64.9%,no change(NC)in 14 cases,clinical benefit rate of 83.4%,progressive disease(PD)in 6 cases.Brain edema response after treatment was the major side effects.Conclusion For deep larger brain glioma,dose fraction of gamma knife treatment was clearly effective recently,it could ease symptoms and improve quality of life.

Objective To identify the exact origin and insertion of plantar aponeurosis and the anatomic relationship of calcaneal spur to plantar aponeurosis. Methods Fourteen specimen of feet were dissected and radiographed. Three fetus feet were observed histologically. Sonographic evaluation was carried out on 20 normal adults and 52 patients with plantar fasciitis. Results (1) Anatomic observation found that plantar aponeurosis was located under the medial process of caleaneus but not attached to it, and proximally attached to the plantar aspect of calcaneal tuborosity. The insertion (origin) of plantar aponeurosis was not a point but a face. Posteriorly the plantar aponeurosis and fascia of Archlles heel were fused or transmigrated together,entirely covered and attached very coherently to the plantar and posterior aspect of calcaneal tuborosity. (2) Histological observation of heel of fetuses found plantar aponeurosis and fascia of Arehlles heel were eosinophil band-like structure. Both continued at the plantar and posterior aspect of calcaneus and attached closely to bone at this area. There were no significant demarcation between them. (3) Sonographic evaluation:normal plantar aponeurosis showed a thin band-like echo, its orgin attached to entire plantar aspect of calcaneal tuberosity and continued with fascia coming posteriorly from Archlles heel. No distinct boundary existed between these two fascias. When plantar fasciitis occurred, the orgin of plantar aponeurosis thickened significantly,this phenomenon could be detected in wholly plantar aspect of calcaneal tuberrosity. The heel spur didn't located within plantar aponeurosis. Conclusions Plantar aponeurosis orginates from entire plantar aspect of cancaneal tuberosity. Heel spur oeeures in the orgin of the intrinsic musculature, such as flexor digitorum brevis,and doesn't locate within plantar aponeurosis.

To develop and validate a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of epirubicin hydrochloride (EPI) in rat plasma, daunorubicin hydrochloride was used as internal standard. The plasma samples were deproteinated with methanol, and separation was performed on a reversed-phase CAPCELL PAK C18 column (3.0 mm x 50 mm, 3 microm). The mobile phase contained methanol-0.1% formic acid (80:20). Detection was carried out by multiple reaction monitoring on a HP1200-6410 QQQ LC/MS system. Different preparations of EPI solution, EPI-LIP (EPI-liposome) and EPI-LTSL (EPI-thermosensitive liposome) was administered in rats by i.v with the same dosage (12 mg kg(-1)). The pharmacokinetic model and parameters were fitted and calculated by the DAS ver2.0 software. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.01-50 microg mL(-1). The limit of quantification was 0.01 microg mL(-1). RSDs of intra- and interbatch precisions were all less than 11.9%. The average extract recovery was 89.3% and 92.1%, respectively. The pharmacokinetics of EPI in rats with all preparations were fitted to three compartments, which all fast distributed and slowly eliminated. The t1/2 alpha, t1/2 beta, t1/2 gamma, AUC(0-infinity), and MRT(0-infinity) of EPI-LTSL group were 7.5, 1.3, 12.6, 12.9, 3.7 times those of EPI solution group; and 1.6, 1.4, 12.3, 2.9, 2.6 times those of EPI-LIP group. Moreover, the CL of the latter two groups was about 13.4 times of the former EPI-LTSL group. EPI-LTSL can significantly improve AUC and prolong the circulation time of EPI in rat plasma.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in the elderly. Methods The clinical characters of HCM in 70 elderly patients were retrospectively analysed. Results Among the 196 identified HCM patients, 70 were elders. Out of them, 7 patients(10.0%) were suspected as HCM according to the clinical symptoms, 29 patients (41.4%)were suspected as other cardiac diseases, 34 (48.3%) were diagnosed HCM due to other reasons. Among the 70 patients, 12 patients(17.1%) had history of cerebrovascular diseases, 54 (77.1%) manifested symptoms after 45 years of age and 4 (5.7%) showed no obvious symptoms. Among them, 18 patients were examined by UCG for two times and HCM was diagnosed at the second time. Conclusions HCM in the elderly is not an uncommon disease. The onset of cardiac symptoms is relatively late in the elderly HCM and frequently misdiagnosed; cerebrovascular diseases are commonly seen in elderly HCM patients.

Objective To investigate the interventional treatment timing of patients with non-ST segment elevation myocar-dial infarction with ST segment elevation in lead aVR.Methods Totally 57 cases with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarc-tion with ST segment elevation in lead aVR in our hospital from July 2010 to July 2013 were selected.They were divided into two groups,30 cases in group A and they were given emergency PCI treatment with in 12 hours of onset,27 cases in group B and they were given emergency PCI treatment within 12-24 hours of onset.Compare the therapeutic efficacy and adverse cardiovascular e-vents after discharge.Results Therapeutic efficacy of group A was better than group B after 1,6,12 month follow up and rate of adverse cardiovascular events of group A was shorter than group B.Conclusion Emergency PCI treatment within 12 hours can im-prove the prognosis of patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation in lead aVR.

Objective:To investigate the role of alloreactive T cell in clonal deletion and regulatory T cells ( Treg) in transplant tolerance.Methods:F1 mice were bred by crossing female BALB/c mice and male C57BL/6 mice.Within 24 h,newborn C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with F1 spleen cells via the orbital branch of the anterior facial vein.Six weeks later,the mice were subjected to F1 skin grafting to evaluate their tolerance.Proliferation,flow cytometry and adoptive transfer assay were used to analyze clonal deletion of alloreactive T cells and the expression of CD4+Foxp3+T cells in neonatal treated mice.Results: Newborn C57BL/6 mice injected with F1 splenic cells could induce transplantation tolerance,the level of tolerance was associated with the dose of splenic cells.3×107 splenic cells from F1 mice could induce long-term skin graft acceptance in C57BL/6 mice ,1×107splenic cells significantly prolonged the survival of F1 skin grafts,but the grafts completely rejected within 50 days.The mixed lymphocyte reaction ( MLR) experiment in vivo showed that alloreactive T cell in long-term tolerant mice was deleted completely,but a certain amount of reactive T cells existed in the low-dose group mice.Flow cytometry ( FCM) analysis showed that the expression of CD4+Foxp3+T cell in the high-dose group and low-dose group mice had no obvious difference compared with the naive mice.When alloreactive T-cells were injected into tolerant mice,the skin graft rejection was observed,and Treg cells upregulated in graft-rejected mice.Conclusion:The degree of transplantation tolerance depended on the clonal deletion of alloreactive T cells,instead of on the expression of CD4+Foxp3+Treg cells.CD4+Foxp3+regulatory T cells upregulated in graft rejected mice,which may be served as a negative feedback mechanism to control the intensity of rejection.