The preparation method, serum stability, efficiency of cellular uptake and apoptosis induction of the cell penetrating peptide TAT and cleavable PEG co-modified liposomes loaded with paclitaxel (C-TAT-Lipo) were investigated. The best preparation procedure was performed by orthogonal test based on single factor screening method. First, the paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded liposomes were prepared by filming-rehydration method, evaluated with entrapment efficiency and polydispersity index. The morphology of C-TAT-Lipo was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Turbidity variations were monitored in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) to evaluate the serum stability of the liposomes developed here. Next, the efficiency of cellular uptake of different Rho-PE-labeled liposomes on B16F1 cells in vitro was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry. The quantitative analysis of apoptosis induced by different PTX-loaded liposomes was performed by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The optimal formulation was as follows: Chol : lipid: 1 : 8 (molar ratio); drug : lipid: 1 : 40 (mass ratio); lipid concentration: 3 mmol x L(-1); temperature of hydration: 25 degrees C. The mean size and polydispersity index of C-TAT-Lipo were about (97.97 +/- 3.68) nm and 0.196 +/- 0.037, the zeta potential was (-0.89 +/- 0.45) mV, the entrapment efficiency of paclitaxel was (90.16 +/- 1.53)%. The particle sizes did not exhibit significant variations in 50% FBS over 24 h at 37 degrees C. The efficiency of cellular uptake of the C-TAT-Lipo increased 1.40 fold following the cleavage of PEG. Apoptosis analysis showed 59.3% increase of the apoptosis and necrosis profile of C-TAT-Lipo after the detachment of PEG shells, which was markedly higher than that of N-TAT-LP with or without glutathione and SL, respectively. The results indicate that the C-TAT-Lipo is successfully prepared by filming-rehydration method and shows significant antitumor activities.
Animals ; Annexin A5 ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell-Penetrating Peptides ; pharmacology ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; analogs & derivatives ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Melanoma, Experimental ; Mice ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Paclitaxel ; pharmacology ; Particle Size ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry

Objective To observe the inhibition effect of chitlsan oligosaccharide on tumour. Methods The growth of tumour were observed after chitlsan oligosaccharide was injected into abdominal cavity(ip) or introtumour of mice;And the anti proliferation activities of chitlsan oligosaccharide on cells were evaluated by means of MTT assay. Results Growth of tumour were inhibited by chitlsan oligosaccharide, necrosis was observed in the tumour tissue.Chitlsan oligosaccharide affected the growth of cell. The effect was related to concentration of chitlsan oligosaccharide,but not depending of culture time.The apoptosis of cells could be seen under the transmission electron.Conclusion Chitlsan oligosaccharide could inhibit the growth of tumour and might induce apoptosis of cell.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of Tanshinone Ⅱ A in Huganning tablets.METHODS:The determination was performed by HPLC using C18 column(200 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with the column temperature maintained at 25 ℃.The mobile phase consisted of methanol-water(80∶20) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1 and a UV detection wavelength of 270 nm.RESULTS: The calibration curve of Tanshinone Ⅱ A was in good linearity over the range of 4.999～44.999 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 7) and the mean recovery was 99.07%(RSD=0.33%,n=9).CONCLUSION: The method is sensitive,accurate and reproducible,and it can be used for the quality control of Huganning tablets.

Objective To explore the influence of Shenqifuzheng injection on efficacy of chemotherapy and immune function in patients with gastric cancer after surgery.Methods 60 postoperative patients with gastric cancer were selected as the research subjects,and were randomly divided into the control group and observation group by the digital table,30 cases in each group.The control group was given FOLFOX regimen chemotherapy.The observation group received FOLFOX regimen combined with the treatment of Shenqifuzheng injection.The recurrence and metasta-sis,survival,immune function and adverse reactions of the patients were observed and the patients were observed before and after chemotherapy.Results The chemotherapy cycle of the observation group was (3.95 ±0.40),which was significantly higher than (3.40 ±0.30)of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t =6.025,P <0.01).The progression free survival in the observation group was (9 ±2.4)months,which was significant-ly longer than (6.6 ±3.2)months in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t =3.286,P <0.01).The reduction rate in the observation group was 6.67%,which was lower than 26.67% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =4.320,P <0.05).The incidence rate of nausea and vomiting in the observation group was 6.67%,which was lower than 26.67% in the control group,the difference was statistically sig-nificant (χ2 =4.320,P <0.05).KPS[(83.51 ±15.37)points]and QLQ -C30[(82.01 ±9.45)points]of the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group [KPS (74.62 ±13.22)points and QLQ -C30 (74.62 ±13.22)points],the differences were statistically significant (t =2.298,2.491,all P <0.05).After chemotherapy,gastric cancer patients ratio of CD +3 ,CD +4 ,CD +4 /CD +8 in the observation group were higher than those of the control group and the ratio of CD +4 /CD +25 in the observation group was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05).Conclusion Shenqifuzheng injection combined with FOLFOX chemo-therapy for gastric cancer patients has low adverse reaction rate,and can effectively improve the immune function.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the delayed cytotoxicity effect of chlorpyrifos (CPF) with?drawal on primary hippocampal neurons. METHODS Hippocampal neurons were prepared from SD rat fetuses on the 17th day of gestation. Seven days after culture,neurons were exposed to CPF 10 and 30 μmol · L-1,respectively,for 72 h or for 48 h followed by CPF withdrawal for 24 h. CCK-8 kit and neuronal nuclei(NeuN), 5-bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) and β Ⅲ tubulin immunofluorescence expression methods were used to evaluate the cell viability. RESULTS Compared with normal control, no significant cytotoxicity was found after CPF 72 h continuous exposure. However,CPF 48 h expo?sure followed by CPF withdrawal for 24 h induced evident cytotoxicity. The amount of BrdU positive and β Ⅲ tubulin positive hippocampal neurons were both decreased significantly(P<0.05),and cell survival and viability reduced after CPF withdrawal. CONCLUSION CPF exposure withdrawal can induce more seriously delayed cytotoxicity than continuous exposure in rat primary hippocampal neurons.

Child, Preschool ; Dwarfism ; congenital ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Osteochondrodysplasias ; congenital

AIM: To study the bioequivalence of domestic and imported Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets in Chinese healthy volunteers.METHODS: According to the rule published by SFDA,the serum concentration of 20 selected volunteers among 18 to 40 years old was determined by HPLC-fluorescence detection after giving domestic and imported Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets 0.1g,and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS software.RESULTS: The method of HPLC-fluorescence detection to study the pharmakokinetics of Metoprolol Tartrate was sensitive,reliable,accurate and reasonable.The main pharmakokinetics parameters of domestic and imported Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets were T_(max):(1.11)?(0.36 h) and(1.39)?(0.65 h) respectively;C_(max):(269.20)?(87.15)(?g?L~(-1)) and(262.03)?(75.52)(?g?L~(-1)) respectively;AUC_(0-12h):(1088.91)?(510.52)(?g?L~(-1)?h) and(1098.29)?5(55.14)(?g?L~(-1)?h) respectively.The relative bioavailability of domestic Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets was(100.09)%.CONCLUSION: The domestic and imported Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets was bioequivalents.

Objective To explore the correlations between measurements of Doppler velocity waveform parameters of fetal main pulmonary artery and gestation age (GA) in normal fetus. Methods This is a cross-sectional study, in which totally 252 normal singleton fetuses between 23 and 40 weeks of gestation were divided into 10 groups. The following velocity waveform parameters were measured in the main trunk of fetal pulmonary artery by Doppler ultrasound: acceleration time(AT), ejection time(ET), acceleration time/ejection time(AT/ET), peak systolic velocity(PSV), end diastolic velocity(EDV), mean velocity(MV), pulsatility index(PI) and resistance index(RI). The normal reference values of Doppler velocity waveform parameters at various GA were established. A scatter diagram of each parameter against GA was plotted out. The optimal formula was selected out according to the correlation and regression analysis. Results Among 252 normal fetuses, satisfactory Doppler velocity waveform of fetal main pulmonary were achieved in 249 (98.8%, 249/252). Among these parameters, AT, AT/ET, PSV, EDV and MV increased with increasing GA(F=343.23, 96.012, 8.649, 2.158, 10.169, all P<0.05), while PI decreased slightly(F=2.346, P<0.05) and ET, RI had no signiifcant changing(F=0.883, 1.534, both P>0.05). Signiifcant and positive linear correlations were found between parameters of AT, AT/ET, PSV, EDV, MV and GA(r= 0.898, 0.868, 0.446, 0.203, 0.507, all P<0.01);while PI was inversely linear correlated with GA(r=-0.184, P<0.01) and ET, RI had no correlation with GA(r=-0.103, 0.011, both P>0.05). Conclusions The fetal main pulmonary artery could be a reliable sampling point to obtain pulmonary velocity waveform by Doppler ultrasound. Doppler velocity waveform parameters have correlations with GA in normal fetus;among which AT and AT/ET were the best.

Human resources development in medical and health is of vital importance to medical and health sector reform and development as well as to medical and health existence and service improvement.Medical and health sector in China has made remarkable progress;however,facing the new requirements from economic and social development and people's new needs for medical health service because of their upaating health concepts and the new promotion by the development of biomedical science and technology,we still have some critical problems in medical and health personnel education.Therefore,the task of conducting careful analysis and exploring the solutions to these problems should be given sufficient attention and completed as soon as possible in the field of medical education.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy difference of analgesia and detumescence on ankle sprain among acupuncture at Xiaojie point combined with tendon regulation manipulation, acupuncture at Xiaojie point and tendon regulation manipulation.

METHODSSixty cases of ankle sprain were randomized into a combined therapy group, a Xiaojie point group and a tendon-regulation manipulation group, 20 cases in each one. The combined therapy of acupuncture at Xiaojie point and tendon regulation manipulation, the acupuncture at Xiaojie point and the simple application of tendon-regulation manipulation were applied respectively in the three groups, once a day, 3 treatments were required. The symptom score such as pain, ecchymosis, swelling and motor dysfunction and the total score were observed before and after treatment in the three groups. The different values of pain and swelling scores were compared before and after treatment in the three groups. The efficacy was compared among the groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 100.0% (20/20) in each group. But the curative rate was 85.0% (17/20) in the combined group, 65.0% (13/20) in the Xiaojie point tion manipulation group. After treatment, the symptom scores of pain, ecchymosis, swelling and motor dysfunction and the total score were all improved as compared with those before treatment in the three groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The pain score in either the combined therapy group or Xiaojie point group was lower than that in the tendon-regulation manipulation group after treatment (0.20 -/+ 0.41, 0.15 +/- 0.37 vs 0.60 +/- 0.50, both P < 0.05). Swelling score in the Xiaojie point group was different significantly from that in the tendon-regulation manipulation 0.49 vs 06.4 vs. 20+0.41, P < 0.05). The different value of pain score in either the combined therapy group or Xiaojie point group was higher than that in the tendon-regulation manipulation group before group after treatment (0.65 bined therapy group or Xiaojie point group was higher than that in the tendon-regulation manipulation group before and after treatment (2.35 +/- 0.59, 2.45 +/- 0.51 vs 2.00 +/- 0.46, both P < 0.05). The different value of swelling score in the tendon-regulation manipulation group was higher than that in the Xiaojie point group before and after treatment (2.30 +/- 0.57 vs 1.60 +/- 0.60, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at Xiaojie point combined with tendon-regulation manipulation achieve an apparent effect of analgesia and detumescence on ankle sprain.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Injuries ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Tendons ; physiopathology ; Therapy, Soft Tissue ; Young Adult