Studying the chemical component in flowers of Premna integrifolia L. collected in Nam Ha province in summer 2004 showed that: flower of Premna integrifolia L. contains alkaloids, flavonoids, free sugars and 15 inorganic elements including Al, Si, Mg, Ca, Ba, Fe, Mn, Ti, Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu, P, Na and K. One refined A1 substance was isolated and extracted successfully in light yellow needle crystal form, slight smelling, bitterness, melting temperature F=158.8 -163.9oC. On the basis of m.p.UV, IR, MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, HMQC analyses it was identified as acid p.methoxy cinnamic
Flowers ; Chemistry

Studying effect of total flavonoid extracts from Lonicera japonica Thunb on some index of lipidemia. Rats were drunk cholesterol at a dose of 0.5g/kg/24hours for 6 consecutive weeks in order to cause hyperlipidemia. The result showed that: flavonoid extracted from Lonicera japonica Thunb at a dose of 0.45g/kg and 0.9g/kg decreased plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C and increased HDL-C in white rats drunk cholesterol in vitro. The effects of flavonoid at the dose of 0.45g/kg and 0.90g/kg on some index of lipidemia were the same. There was no differences in increasing body weight of rats in all studied rat groups
Flavonoids ; Flowers ; Lonicera ; Hyperlipidemias

Flowers of Sophora japonica were processed at nature conditions in Ho Chi Minh City after followed the stability within 2 years by rutin quantitative method follow Vietnamese pharmacopoeia III- 2002 by spectrophotometer and quantify quercetin by High-Perfomance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results: the content of rutin in flowers of Sophora japonica decreased across preservation time (from 6 to 11%) and quercetin mixture did not increase significantly (approximate 0.1%). The rutin content of flowers of Sophora japonica was still high compared to Vietnamese pharmacopoeia III- 2002 standards. Thus, the shelf-life of the flowers of Sophora japonica is proposed to be 30 months if well preserved
Flowers ; Drug Stability

No abstract available.
Flowers ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Stents

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (Nymphaeaceae) is commonly called lotus and its leaves are widely been used as functional ingredients due to its antioxidant activity. For maximum efficacy, optimized extraction condition was established using response surface methodology. The high F-values, low p-values and insignificant p-value for lack-of-fit supported the fitness of the model and yielded the second-order polynomial regression for the antioxidant activity. The optimized extract was obtained by the extraction of 1 g of lotus leaves with 40 mL of 50% MeOH at 10.0℃, which exerted 70.1% antioxidant activity. Close correlation between phenolic content and antioxidant activity suggested phenolic compounds as active constituents of lotus leaves. In addition, comparison of different parts of lotus demonstrated the most potent antioxidant activity of flowers, followed by leaves and roots. Taken together, these results provide useful information about lotus leaves for the development as antioxidant ingredients. In addition, flowers and roots as well as leaves are suggested as good sources for antioxidant activity.
Flowers ; Lotus ; Nelumbo ; Phenol

Researching in test mouse. Result: In vivo, Honeysuckle flower have a acute anti-inflammatory effect when used alone as well as its combination with alpha-CT. In vitro, honeysuckle flower have a stimulate effect of the activity alpha-CT. The successful combination of decoction and honeysuckle flower (flavonoid) with alpha-CT(in vitro and in vivo) took a little part in studying the anti-inflammatory mechanism of honeysuckle flower with alpha-CT. The synergic effect of above two active element induced which give satisfactory anti-inflammatory effect, which was equivalent to some of modern medicine of use to anti-inflammatory drug.
Flowers ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Flavonoids

Desmos chinensis is a climber tree. Branches brown pubescent, leaves glaucous underneath, petals yellow. This tree distributes in many provinces of Viet Nam, mostly in Yen Bai, Ha Giang, Thai Nguyen, Bac Giang, Vinh Phuc, Quang Ninh, Hoa Binh, Ninh Binh, Quang Binh, Ha Tinh, Thua Thien Hue, Kontum, Dong Nai. The oil yield was 0.2% from air-dried flowers. The essential oil of Desmos chinensis was analysed using GS and RMN. 13 constituents have been identified, including beta-caryophyllene (28.9%), bicyclogermacren (11.5%), alpha-humullene (7.2%), D-germacren (7.2%), beta-elemene (6.4%)
chemistry ; Flowers ; Oils ; Oils, Volatile

Background: Pesticides safety, plant protection chemicals are widely used around the world, especially in agriculture to protect crops. \r\n', u'Objectives: To describe the real statute of knowledge and practice of safe pesticide use among flowers planters and various other related factors. \r\n', u'Subjects and method: The cross sectional analytic study was carried out in 2006 to evaluate the current situation of knowledge and practice of safe pesticide use in 2 flower planting villages: Hong Ha 1 and Hong Ha 2, My Tan commune, My Loc district, Nam Dinh Province. Results:The results showed that knowledge on determining toxicity levels and the absorption routes of pesticides to the human body through land and water is insufficient. As for pesticide use practice, the percentage of planters fully utilizing safety work clothes and other equipments was low. Multivariate analysis found that there was a significant correlation between good practice and knowledge. In addition, some predictors of good knowledge were: highly educated, male and age. Conclusion: The findings also discovered the priority of improving direct communication on safe pesticide use among planters. \r\n', u'
safe pesticide use ; flowers planters

The flower of Polygonatum cyrtonema has good edible and medicinal values. In this study, four samples of P. cyrtonema flowers from different regions were selected as test materials. The contents, composition and antioxidant activities of lipid-soluble pigments and alcohol-soluble components were determined under different light and temperature conditions, which help to reveal the discoloration reason and the composition variation patterns during storage. The results showed that light and temperature had different effects on the lipid-soluble pigments and alcohol-soluble components in the dried flowers during storage. After storage for 4 weeks, the contents of total chlorophyll, carotenoids, phenols and saponins in the samples exposed to light respectively decreased by 62.62%, 66.4%, 68.7% and 43.4% compared with those in the dark. The decreases in the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, lutein, β-carotene and zeaxanthin were 64.64%, 56.74%, 59.2%, 77.7% and 45.4%, respectively. The contents of pigments and components in the samples stored at-20 ℃ were significantly higher than those at room temperature and 4 ℃, indicating that low temperature was conductive to the stability of lipid-soluble pigments and alcohol-soluble components. The samples stored at low temperature and in the dark had the strongest free radical scavenging activity. The results suggest that P. cyrtonema dried flowers should be stored in low temperature environment without light, which can slow down the degradation of internal components. The study provides a theoretical basis for the production, processing and storage of P. cyrtonema flowers.
Antioxidants ; Carotenoids ; Chlorophyll A ; Flowers ; Polygonatum

In this paper, Chrysanthemum morifolium was used as the experimental object, eight different planting periods were set up in field plot experiment from April to August, which were 04-15, 05-19, 05-30, 06-09, 06-19, 07-20, 07-31, 08-15. The effects of different treatments on the occurrence of root rot, agronnmic traits, mineral element absorption and content of effective components of Ch. morifolium in Macheng country of Hubei province were studied. The results showed that delaying the planting time could effectively reduce the diseases occurrence of root rot of Ch. morifolium. With the advance of transplanting period, the plant height, the weight of one hundred flowers and the number of flowers of Ch. morifolium showed a trend of gradual decrease, while the number of primary branches and the thickness of main stem and the primary branch increased first and then decreased. The yield of Ch. morifolium per plant and per mu increased with the advance of the planting period, and the yield per mu increased during the planting period on June 19, which was 91.96% higher than that on April 15. And with the delay of the planting period,the absorption and accumulation of potassium(K) elements was promotes. The content of active ingredients such as chlorogenic acid, rutin, luteolin, and 3,5-O dicoffeoacy lquinic acid in the Ch. morifolium increased significantly and then gradually decreased with the delay of the planting period, which indicates that late planting can significantly improve the quality of Ch. morifolium. Considering factors such as the occurrence of root rot disease, yield and active ingredient content, combined with climatic conditions in the Dabie Mountains in eastern Hubei, the optimum planting period of Ch. morifolium was determined from mid-late June to early July.
Chlorogenic Acid ; Chrysanthemum ; Flowers ; Minerals