2.Establishment and application of public health risk assessment indexes for flood disaster.
Jiabing WU ; Lei GONG ; Fang CHEN ; Dandan SONG ; Wanwan MA ; Sai HOU
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences 2018;47(2):118-123
OBJECTIVETo establish a public health risk assessment indexes for flood disaster.
METHODSDelphi method and expert consultation were used to establish the public health risk assessment index system and scoring criteria, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method was used to obtain the weight of the indexes. Then, the established index system was applied to evaluate the public health risk of the flood disaster in Anhui province, 2016.
RESULTSA public health risk assessment system consisting of 5 categories and 17 indexes was constructed. The assessment result of the flood disaster in Anhui province of 2016 showed that the public health risk score was 0.26, suggesting that "the health emergency measures were effective, and the public health risks were effectively controlled".
CONCLUSIONSThe established indexes can effectively assess the health risk of flood disaster and also can provide the reference for other disaster assessment.
Disasters ; Floods ; Risk Assessment
4.Infectious diseases in the aftermath of monsoon flooding in Pakistan.
Maryam BAQIR ; Zain A SOBANI ; Amyn BHAMANI ; Nida Shahab BHAM ; Sidra ABID ; Javeria FAROOK ; M Asim BEG
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012;2(1):76-79
Pakistan is ranked 9th in terms of flood-affected countries worldwide. In the summer of 2010, the northern province of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa received more than 312 mm of rain in a 56 hour period. This resulted in over 1 600 deaths across the region. In addition, over 14 million people were directly affected by this record-breaking deluge. Flood affected regions serve as ideal breeding grounds for pathogens, leading to the spread of diseases. The poor standards of hygiene in camps set up for individuals displaced by the floods also contribute to this. It is essential that those involved in relief efforts are aware of the epidemiology of diseases that have historically seen a sudden upsurge after natural disasters. Keeping this in mind, we conducted a simple review of literature. An extensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed data base and online search engines. Articles published in the last 20 years were considered along with some historical articles where a background was required. Seven major diseases were identified to increase substantially in the aftermath of natural disasters. They were then classified into acute and sub-acute settings. Diarrhea, skin & eye infections and leptospirosis were identified in the acute setting while malaria, leishmaniasis, respiratory infections and hepatitis were identified in the sub-acute setting.
Communicable Diseases
;
epidemiology
;
Floods
;
Humans
;
Pakistan
;
epidemiology
5.The assessment of vulnerability to floods in Guangdong province at district level.
Qi ZHU ; Tao LIU ; Yong-hui ZHANG ; Yuan LUO ; Yao WEI ; Jian-peng XIAO ; Si-qing ZENG ; Wen-jun MA
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012;46(11):1020-1024
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the vulnerability to floods in Guangdong province at district level.
METHODSData were collected from the sixth census, the 2010 Statistical Yearbook of Guangdong, the 2010 Health Statistics Yearbook of Guangdong and China Disease Prevention and Control information systems, etc. The weight of each indicator was determined based on subjective method and objective method respectively; and finally the results of the two methods were compared.
RESULTS13 indicators were selected for the assessment of vulnerability to floods, including 6 sensitivity indicators, 5 adaptability indicators and 2 exposure indicators. Indicators with large weight (subjective weight/objective weight) were the proportion of population older than 65 years old (0.31/0.30), the proportion of population older than 65 years old (0.16/0.23), infant mortality rate (0.18/0.20), the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita (0.33/0.21), the proportion of illiterate in the population older than 15 years old (0.19/0.28), history frequency of floods (0.75/0.75). The mean vulnerability index (VI) calculated by subjective method was 0.35 with the standard deviation of 0.10; the mean vulnerability index calculated by objective method was 0.31 with the standard deviation of 0.08. The two weighting methods showed consistent results of vulnerability index (ICC = 0.975, P < 0.01). VI of most districts dropped in the interval of 0.30 - 0.39. Districts with subjective VI > 0.50 or objective VI > 0.40 should pay more attention to floods, including parts of the coastal areas, Beijiang River Basin, the eastern tributary area of Dongjiang River and the northern part of Pearl River Delta. Dapu district of Meizhou (0.55/0.45), Dianbai district and Maogang district of Maoming (0.54/0.48) were most vulnerable. Districts of Heyuan, Dongguan, Zhaoqing and Huizhou were less vulnerable, Yuancheng district of Heyuan showed least vulnerable to floods (0.15/0.12) followed by Dongguan (0.18/0.16), Duanzhou district (0.18/0.16) and Guangning (0.17/0.15) district of Zhaoqing. The score of indicators differed among different level of vulnerability (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONDifferent regions of Guangdong province showed different vulnerability to floods, vulnerable areas should be priority in the prevention and control of floods.
China ; Climate ; Demography ; Disasters ; Floods ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; Rivers
6.A Case Related to Identifying Missing Person by the floods in 2006.
Eung Soo KIM ; Dong Sub LEE ; Jin Hee KIM ; Moon Hee PARK ; Young Joo KIM ; Dae Yeol KIM ; Sung Jin CHO ; Young wan KIM ; Byung Ha CHOI ; Young Shik CHOI
Korean Journal of Legal Medicine 2007;31(2):171-174
The fifteen persons from In-jae, Kang-won do, were missing by floods on July 2006. In relation to the this case, the two unidentified corpses were found nearby So-yang lake on June and September 2007, respectively. In these cases, autosome short tandem repeats (STR) and Y-STR were used for identification. The AmpFlSTR Identifiler kit (amelogenin and 15 STRs) and the AmpFlSTR Yfiler kit (16 Y-STRs) are analysed by multiplex-PCR and automated fluorescent detection using Perkin Elmer Prism 310 DNA sequencer. Finally we could found identify the two missing persons.
Cadaver
;
DNA
;
Floods*
;
Forensic Anthropology
;
Gangwon-do
;
Humans
;
Lakes
;
Microsatellite Repeats
7.A Survey on the Consumption and the Perception of Mushrooms and Mushroom Dishes among Koreans.
Hae Sook OH ; Hee Ok PARK ; Sun YOON
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2002;7(2):245-256
This study was carried out to examine Koreans preference in mushrooms, their nutritional knowledge of mushrooms as a source of Vitamin D, and five characteristics of six dishes consisting of common dishes and mushroom dishes. The data were collected from 2,777 subjects in various age ranges by means of a survey questionnaire. Variables, such as age, gender, diet quality and the degree of interest in diet were significant factors considered in relation to preference of mushrooms. Adults ate mushrooms because of their healthfulness, but this attibute was not a factor among adolescent students. The level of nutritional knowledge was relatively low and the ratio of "do not know" responses was higher than the ratio of "yes" or "no" . Generally, housewives, elementary school children and those who were healthy, ate floods because of health consciousness, and those who preferred mushrooms had better dietary habits. The characteristics of mushroom dishes, both as main and side dishes, had much more correlation with the factors considered for the subjects than the common dishes and one dish meals, respectively. Dietary altitudes, such as mushroom preference, frequency of mushroom intake and level of nutritional knowledge, were strongly correlated with the characteristics of the six dishes. It has been shown that mushroom dishes were recognized as nutritional, rather than delicious.
Adolescent
;
Adult
;
Agaricales*
;
Altitude
;
Child
;
Consciousness
;
Diet
;
Floods
;
Food Habits
;
Humans
;
Meals
;
Vitamin D
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
8.Prevalence of psychosocial distress among flood victims in selected urban barangays in Manila.
Bernadette Joy Q. ALMIROL ; Czarina Charmaine S. DIWA ; Diana Francesca G. GEPTE ; Ofelia P. SANIEL
The Philippine Journal of Psychiatry 2017;39(1):3-13
OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of psychosocial problems among residents of four flood-prone barangays in Manila located along the Maricaban-Malibay creek in Pasay City and were reported to have experienced 10-15 feet-deep flood waters simultaneously caused by Typhoon Maring and the southwest monsoon in August 2013.
METHODOLOGY: A stratified two-stage random cluster sampling method, adapted from the Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) Toolkit, was employed in the syudy. The first stage of sampling used street clusters, with more or less of the same size, as the primary sampling unites (PSU) and households as secondary sampling units (SSU) to select the households that will be included in the survey. Since the clusters were more or less of the same size, they ahd equal chances of being selected in the study if the probability of selection is proportionate to size (PPS). Seven houses were then randomly chosen from the 30 selected clusters. All of the househol heads from the 210 selected households were given several copies of the self-administered questionnairescalled the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20), a screening tool developed by WHO, to determine the psychosocial condition of the household members 12-65 years.
RESULTS: The prevalence of psychosocial distress in this population was estimated at 17% (95%CI=13.7-20.3%). The residents of the study barangays were in their rehabilitation phase i.e., three months post disaster when data was collected for this study. The study also characterized the households in the sample according to socio-economic status, presence of members with special needs, and presence of children 0-5 years ol. In the aftermath of the disaster, 46.84% of the respondents had positive answer on the group of questions about decreased energy, 49.8% on somatic symptoms,25.89% on depressive thoughts and 40.91% on depressive moods.There was a higher prevalence of these 4 factors among females, those separated, with low socioeconomic status and low educational attainment.
CONCLUSION: The estimated prevalence of psychosocial distress was 17% (95%CI=13.7%-20.3%), In the aftermath of the disaster, 46.8% of the respondents had positive answer on the group of questions about decreased energy, 49.8% on somatic symptoms, 25.9% on depressive thoughts and 40.9% on depressive moods.
Human ; Male ; Female ; Depression ; Anxiety ; Stress Disorders, Post-traumatic ; Cyclonic Storms ; Floods
9.Effect of health service and its influence factors in flood disaster areas.
Meng-shi CHEN ; Hong-zhuan TAN ; Tu-bao YANG ; Jia ZHOU ; Shuo-qi LI ; Ai-zhong LIU
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences) 2008;33(1):21-25
OBJECTIVE:
To explore the effect of health service and its influential factors in flood disaster areas.
METHODS:
Fifty-five towns were sampled randomly from Dongting Lake area suffering from flood in 1998. The health service level, effect, and its influence factors were investigated retrospectively.
RESULTS:
The incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases was 11.7 per thousand, prevalence rate of chronic disease was 51.2 per thousand, infant mortality rate was 43.1 per thousand, neonatal mortality rate was 10.2 per thousand, and the total mortality rate was 554.3/100,000 in Dongting Lake area. The health investment level was significantly associated with the incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases, the infant mortality rate, and total mortality rate. Duration of flood and income per capita were important factors for the effect of health investment.
CONCLUSION
Increasing health investment and residents' income in the flood disaster area, shortening the duration of flood would play positive role in residents' health in the flood disaster area.
China
;
epidemiology
;
Chronic Disease
;
epidemiology
;
Communicable Diseases
;
epidemiology
;
Floods
;
Health Services
;
supply & distribution
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Prevalence
10.Impact of climate change on human health.
Acta Medica Philippina 2016;50(2):91-98
Data trends show that climate is changing and several researches have shown the adverse effects of climate change to human health. This review presents how climate change affects human health. Climate change can influence the nature and severity of climate-related natural disasters such as flooding and drought, hence, increasing the rate of mortality and morbidity among human population. Climate change can also increase the likelihood of infection in humans by way of affecting the transmission of infectious diseases. Climate-induced food insecurity is also one of the consequences of climate change and this may eventually result in malnutrition and famine. There are both direct and indirect consequences of climate change to human health. First, the direct health impacts such as injuries and deaths associated with climate-induced natural disasters, and second, the indirect health impacts such as food insecurity, contaminated source of water, and increased incidence of diseases.
Human ; Climate ; Climate Change ; Disasters ; Droughts ; Floods ; Food Supply ; Incidence ; Morbidity ; Starvation ; Water ; Health ; Environmental Health