This article discusses on the natural compounds from the ant plant (Myrmecodia species, family: Rubiaceae). The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract from the tuber of M. platytyrea was fractionated by using medium pressure liquid chromatography, giving eight fractions (F1-F8). Those fractions were evaluated using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Fraction F5 was recorded as potent (EC50 = 21.57 ± 1.40 µg/mL). Then, it was purified by using column chromatography (CC) (mobile phase = chloroform: EtOAc). From the CC, ten fractions (F5F1-F5F10) were obtained and compound (1) was isolated from F5F3 via preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC). After spraying with anisaldehyde-sulphuric reagent, compound (1) gave a green TLC spot (Rf = 0.65, 100% CHCl3 , multiple development). The 1 H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (500 MHz, CDCl3 ) was performed to determine the chemical framework of (1). This compound was identified as morindolide, having an iridoid structure. Meanwhile, the mass spectra for compounds (2) and (3) were analysed. The data presented the molecular ion at m/z 375 [M-H]- and 255, suggesting the formulation of 2-(2-methylbutyryl)phloroglucinol glucoside and a flavanone, respectively. From the literature, compound (1) was firstly isolated from a Chinese natural medicine, the dried root of Morinda officinalis (family: Rubiaceae). The flavonoids are also included as the biologically active compounds from Myrmecodia. In short, this is the first occurrence of morindolide from the ant plant.
Flavonoids

Flavonoid is one of interested compounds in treatment for cancers. The authors extracts flavonoid from the leaves Houttuynia cordata and tested on S-180 cancer cells that they cultured vitro in mice. This product has effects by inhibited the growth of ascite cancer. However, the studies on large mice models are needed to survey their survival, mortality as well as clinical course, biochemical, pathology, and side effects. Flavonoid has cytotoxic activity on S-180, and maintain excessive cytotoxic on that cells
Neoplasms ; Flavonoids ; Houttuynia ; Flavonoids

Studying the influence of temperature to the content of flavonoids in Flos Sophorae showed that the dried temperature make the significant changes the content of rutin and quercetin in Flos Sophorae. The rutin content increased when drying over a fire at 80oC-120oC, quercetin did not be changed much; at 140oC-180oC, the contents of rutin decreased slightly, quercetin increased slightly. At 200oC-220oC, the contents of rutin decreased clearly, quercetin increased clearly. These results can be applied for the standardization of Flos Sophorae using roasting methods for traditional medicines
Flavonoids ; Temperature

A flavonoid preparation was extracted from TanCuong tea leaves and was studied on the cultured cancer cells and on the thigh tumor in mice. Flavonoids from T©n C­¬ng tea leaves (FTC) exhibited anticarcinogenic activity in vitro. FTC inhibited the reproduction of Hep-2 (human' carcinoma cell); Sp-2/O (cancer cells from mouse bone marrow) and S180 (Sarcoma cell). The most activity is on S180. In vivo, the experiments have been done in white mice BA/bc showed that FTC inhibited tumor promotion in mice. In addition, FTC decreased the metastasis of S180 into liver and lung of mice.
neoplasms ; Flavonoids

In the current study, nine flavonoids were isolated and purified from 75% ethanol extract of Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring by column chromatographic techniques over macroporous resin, polyamide, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and pre-HPLC. On the basis of their physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic data analyses, these compounds were elucidated as cirsimarin (1), nepitrin (2), apigenin-6-C-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), apigenin-6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8-C-α-L-arabinopyranoside (4), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), 2,3-dihydroamentoflavone (6), 4'-O-methylamentoflavone (7), 2,3-dihydro-4'-O-methyl-amentoflavone (8), and 2,3,2",3"-tetrahydron-4'-O-methyl-robustaflavone (9). Compounds 1-5 belong to flavonoid glycosides and were isolated from the genus Selaginella for the first time.
Flavonoids ; analysis ; Selaginellaceae ; chemistry

OBJECTIVEMoxibustion is an important traditional Chinese medicine therapy using heat from ignited moxa floss for disease treatment. The purpose of the present study is to establish a reproducible method to assess the color of moxa floss, discriminate the samples based on chromatic coordinates and explore the relationship between chromatic coordinates and total flavonoid content (TFC).

METHODSMoxa floss samples of different storage years and production ratios were obtained from a moxa production factory in Henan Province, China. Chromatic coordinates (L*, a* and b*) were analyzed with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and the chroma (C*) and hue angle (h°) values were calculated. TFC was determined by a colorimetric method. Data were analyzed with correlation, principal component analysis (PCA).

RESULTSSignificant differences in the chromatic values and TFC were observed among samples of different storage years and production ratios. Samples of higher production ratio displayed higher chromatic characteristics and lower TFC. Samples of longer storage years contained higher TFC. Preliminary separation of moxa floss production ratio was obtained by means of color feature maps developed using L*-a* or L*-b* as coordinates. PCA allowed the separation of the samples from their storage years and production ratios based on their chromatic characteristics and TFC.

CONCLUSIONThe use of a colorimetric technique and CIELAB coordinates coupled with chemometrics can be practical and objective for discriminating moxa floss of different storage years and production ratios. The development of color feature maps could be used as a model for classifying the color grading of moxa floss.

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-endotoxin of different concentration baicalin.

METHODS6.250 microg/mL, 3.125 microLg/mL, 1.562 microg/mL and 0.781 microg/mL baicalin solutions were mixed with I EU/mL endotoxin, respectively. The mixtures were put into water of (37+/-1) degrees C for 15 min, 30 min and 60 min. The degrading effects were determined by using limulus amebocyte lysate test (LAL test).

RESULTS1) The degrading effect of 6.250 microg/mL, 3.125 microg/mL and 1.562 microg/mL baicalin solution on I EU/mL endotoxin was degraded completely in 15 min, 30 min and 60 min, respectively. 2)The degrading effect of 3.125 microg/mL, 1.562 microg/mL and 0.781 microg/mL baicalin solution on 1 EU/mL endotoxin after these mixtures had been incubated for 15 min. Endotoxin values were (0.155 5 +/- 0.002 8) EU/mL, (0.212 1+/-0.004 9) EU/mL, (0.355 9+/-0.013 9) EU/mL, respectively. These differences among them were statistically significant (P<0.01). 3) The degrading effect of 1.562 microg/mL and 0.781 microg/mL baicalin solution on 1 EU/mL endotoxin after these mixtures had been incubated for 30 min. Endotoxin values were (0.1640+/-0.0025) EU/mL and (0.2094+/-0.004 4) EU/mL, respectively. These differences between them were statistically significant (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe action of anti-endotoxin of baicalin is dose-dependent and time-dependent. The results show that baicalin has the stronger anti-endotoxin effect.

Flavonoids ; analysis ; Soybeans ; analysis

Flavonoids/*analysis ; Soybeans/*analysis

One bioactive flavonoid on brine shrimp test was isolated from leaves of Macaranga triloba (Blume) Muell-aRG...Its structure was elucidated based on spectral analysis, including UV, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 13C-DEPT, and was determined as vitexin
Flavonoids ; Plant Leaves