Objective To study the effect,safety and quality of life of different operation opportunity on the patients with ureteral calculi after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.Methods From July 2015 to September 2016,45 patients with ureteral calculi who received lithotomy after 2 times of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in our hospital were selected as observation group.Another 45 cases who received more than 3 times of ESWL and turend to lithotomy at the same period were selected as control group.The clinical effect was compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.56％ (43/45),which was significantly higher than 71.11％ (32/45) of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2=9.680;P=0.002).The incidence rates of obstruction(17.78％),infection (26.67％) and hydronephrosis (24.44％) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (42.22％,64.44％ and 60.00％),the differences were statistically significant (χ2=6.402,12.947,11.660;P=0.011,0.000,0.001).The scores of diet [(83.2±12.6)points],spirit[(85.6±13.3)points],sleep[(87.3±15.4)points] and psychological score[(85.9±13.6)points] in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group [(75.1±11.4)points,(76.2±11.6)points,(77.4±13.2)points and (73.2±10.7)points],the differences were statistically significant (t=3.003,4.038,3.514,4.513;P=0.004,0.000,0.001,0.000).The satisfaction rate of patients(97.78％) of the observation group was significantly higher than 77.78％ of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.389;P=0.004).Conclusion Patients with ureteral calculi who received more than 2 times of ESWLand the stones in the body has not been effectively removed,should be accepted as soon as possible stone surgery treatment,it can improve the clinical effect,reduce the incidence of complications,improve the quality of life of patients.