Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of using the anterolateral thigh flap and splitthickness skin grafting to repair large skin defect secondary to the excision of massive penoscrotal Paget's disease.Methods Clinical data of 6 patients with massive penoscrotal Paget's disease were retrospectively reviewed.The patients were admitted to our institute from Feb.2005 to Oct.2010 with mean age of 64 (55-68) years.No other neoplasm and enlarged inguinal lymph node were detected on physical examination,ultrasonography and CT scan.All cases underwent wide local excision of skin lesion which was taken 2 cm beyond the boundary under epidural anesthesia.An anterolateral thigh flap was used to reconstruct the scrotum,and the skin defect of penis was repaired by split-thickness skin grafting.Results Operation was uneventful for the 6 patients,with mean skin defect of 185 (150-210) cm2.The mean operative duration was 270 (210-300) min,and the mean blood loss was 75 (35-150) ml.Negative surgical margins were confirmed on postoperative pathology.Five patients recovered smoothly with satisfying cosmetic appearance,and one patient demonstrated partial necrosis of the flap which was repaired on secondary surgery.The mean follow-up was 37 (10-60) months,and no relapse was found.Conclusions It is an effective method to use anterolateral thigh flap and split-thickness skin grafting to repair large skin defect secondary to excision of massive penoscrotal Paget's disease.

Objective To assess the feasibility of interventional techniques in the establishment of animal model of superior mesenteric vein-portal vein (SMV-PV) thrombosis. Methods Nine miniature pigs were involved in the study including one for preliminary experiment. After general anesthesia, a balloon catheter was placed in the main trunk of PV to block the portal flow and then thrombin or autologous blood clot was injected to the SMV. Venography was performed to confirm the thrombosis 30 minutes later. Changes in the imaging before and after the thrombosis were observed. Pigs died during the experiment were anatomized to analyze the causes, and pathological examination was performed when necessary. Results The model of SMV-PV thrombosis was successfully established in all the pigs. One pig died of diffuse intravascular coagulation 10 minutes after model establishment in the preliminary experiment. Two pigs died of hepatorrhexis and over dose of anesthetics respec-tively 3 hours after model establishment, and the rest 6 pigs were fed for 14 days. Conclusion Interventional techniques are effective in the establishment of SMV-PV thrombosis model.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Unfortunately, most of HCC patients were diagnosed at the intermediate or advanced stage, losing the chance to receive the surgical intervention. Locoregional interventional treatment is one of the major therapeutic options for inoperable HCC treatment and prolongs the survival of the patients. Evaluation of the efficacy of the treatment is the important to determine the further therapy strategies. Currently, the evaluation of patients’ response is mainly based on CT and MR anatomic morphological images, but characteristics of tumor biology changes can be observed earlier than the morphological changes. In the recent years, with the development of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), its value in clinical application has been continuously explored, and it has been increasingly used for quantitative evaluation the diffusion of water molecular and microcirculation perfusion of blood flow in tumor tissue, with some progress in evaluating the tumor response. This paper mainly reviewed the recent research findings of DWI on locoregional interventional treatment for HCC, thereby providing guidance on clinical practice.

Objective To assess the value of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)via omental artery for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Twenty-seven patients with HCC which was nourished by omental artery underwent TACE.Postoperative clinical manifestations,laboratory tests and imaging findings were observed and compared with the angiographic findings.Results The tumor Was located at the peripheral region of right lobe in 26 patients and at the lower part of segment IV in 1.Thirty-eight omental arteries supplying HCC were observed angiographically.The omental artery in 18 patients was successfully embolized.Hepatic hemostasis was achieved in all patients with ruptured HCC.No severe complication occurred,and tumor recurrence Wag observed in 15 patients postoperatively.Conclusions Omental artery supplying HCC is mostly seen in patients who have undergone multiple TACEs and patients with the focus which is located at the peripheral region of right lobe.TACE via omentai artery is safe and feasible,although the residual rate of the HCC is high.

Objective To investigate the blood supply of the expanded skin flap from medial up-per arm and its application in the reparation of cervical scar contracture due to sear resection. Methods The operation was carried out for three steps: (1) The expander was implanted under the superficial fascia. (2) The skin flap from medial upper arm was created with superior ulnar collateral artery as blood supply and attributive branches of basilica and axillary veins as blood collection. (3) After thes car contracture was released, the defect was covered with medial upper arm flap with maximal area of 25 cm×15 cm. Results Ten patients in all with cervical scar contracture were treated with the skin flap. All the skin flaps survived at last with nearly normal skin color, texture and contour. And the scar in donor sites seemed to be neglectable. Conclusions Reparation of cervical scar contracture with medial upper arm skin flap after expanding could be recommended. But 3 months long time and fixation of upper limb and head might be disadvantages.

Objective: To collect preliminary data of normal Chinese female genital appearance, to compare the parameters of Han and Uygur nationality, and to present the preliminary data for normal female external genitalia database. Methods: This study design recruited healthy females referred to the out-patient clinic for physical examination from October 2014 to March 2015 in Xinjiang Petroleum Geological Survey Department Staff Hospital. The recruitment was based on rigid inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographic data consists of nationality, age, height, weight, marital status, gravidity, parity, vaginal delivery, and intercourse frequency. Anthropometric measurements were taken in 234 females of Han group whereas 278 females of Uygur group. For each individual 16 parameters were measured. The external genitalia appearance in Han and Uygur nationality was compared. The significance of variations in age, height, weight, BMI, gravidity, parity, vaginal delivery and intercourse frequency were analyzed. Results: Primary measurements of Han and Uygur nationality are presented as mean (95% confidence interval). There are many differences in female genital appearance between Han and Uygur nationality. Several parameters were statistically associated with age, BMI, gravidity, parity, vaginal delivery and intercourse frequency. The females with complete labial asymmetry account for 5.6%(13/234) and 5.8%(16/278) in Han and Uygur normal adults, respectively. Conclusions This study presented the external genitalia measurements of normal Chinese female adults in Xinjiang, thus providing the preliminary data for normal female external genitalia database. Females of Han and Uygur nationality have multiple differences in external genitalia appearances. The parameters are associated with age, BMI, gravidity, parity, vaginal delivery, and intercourse frequency. The labial asymmetry is a universal phenomenon.

Raman spectroscopy is amplified by surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanoparticles(SERS-NPs),and Raman signal can be enhanced by SERS-NPs,which can achieve high-resolution imaging of tumors.Meanwhile,SERS-NPs have high molecular specificity and sensitivity,showing a good prospect of tumor diagnosis and treatment.The advantages of SERS-NPs and its application in tumor diagnosis and treatment,and related experimental studies are reviewed in this article.

Objective:To study the predictive value of pretreatment apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on prognosis in patients with isolated large hepatocellular carcinoma(SLHCC) treated by combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 patients with SLHCC who were treated at the Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from December 2014 to July 2018, with combined TACE and RFA. There were 34 males and 6 females, with an average age of 55.9 years. All patients underwent enhanced abdominal MRI within 1 week before and 1 month after treatment. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the predictive efficacy value of ADC. The survival curves were plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate prognostic analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazard models.Results:After treatment, there were 18 patients with complete response and 12 with partial response. The objective response rate was 75.0% (30/40). The area under ROC curve of ADC in predicting the effectiveness of TACE combined with RFA (complete response + partial response) was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.74-0.98). The optimal threshold was 1.32×10 -3 mm 2/s, the sensitivity was 0.63, and the specificity was 1.00. The progression-free survival rate and cumulative survival rate in the high ADC group (≥1.32×10 -3mm 2/s, n=19) were better than that in the low ADC group (<1.32×10 -3mm 2/s, n=21), with significant differences (both P<0.05). On multivariate analysis, ADC<1.32×10 -3mm 2/s ( HR=3.711, 95% CI: 1.705-8.074; P<0.05) was an independent risk factor for progression-free survival, while ADC < 1.32×10 -3mm 2/s ( HR=3.518, 95% CI: 1.016-12.185, P<0.05) was an independent risk factor for overall survival. Conclusion:Preoperative ADC was an independent risk factor for prognosis in patients with SLHCC undergoing TACE combined with RFA. It has value in prognostic prediction.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of Dyna computer tomography (Dyna CT) guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) followed immediately by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of large solitary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC),and to provide the basis for the rational use of Dyna CT.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 23 patients with a large solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (tumor diameter ≥5 cm) who were admitted to Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2014 to October 2015 and treated with Dyna CT guided RFA followed immediately by TACE.After treatment,the success rate of the combined technique,the treatment time,the radiation dose received by the patient,the complication and the efficacy of the combined therapy were evaluated.Results The success rate of the combined technique was 100％.The treatment time was (45.3 ± 4.8) min.The radiation exposure dose was (730.5 ± 78.8) mGy.There was no serious complication after treatment.The complete remission rate of the targeted lesion was 91.3 ％ (21/23),the partial remission rate was 8.7 ％ (2/23).On follow-up,5 patients had died.The 6,12,18 month survival rates were 100％,81.5％ and 48.0％,respectively.Conclusions Dyna CT guided RFA for a large solitary HCC was efficacious and safe.The immediate combination of TACE with RFA provided a new alternative strategy for the treatment of a large solita-ry HCC.Dyna CT has important clinical values.

The development of hepatocellular carcinoma is insidious and rapid.Most patients can not undergo surgery after diagnosis.Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is considered to be the best modality for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.However,there are some bottlenecks in TACE,such as low targeting of chemotherapy drugs and incomplete treatment.How to improve the curative effect of TACE has become a key issue in the interventional treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.In recent years,the study of nano-drug delivery systems has been expected to solve these problems,and has become a hot spot in the field of targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.In this paper,the current research status of nano-drug delivery systems and its application in the interventional-targeted therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma are reviewed.