This paper presents the determination results of 14 macro and trace elements, such as Na, K, Cl, Mg, Ca, Al, Br, Fe, Co, Zu, Se, Mn, Cr and Rb, in breast milk, cow's milk and milk powder by instrumental neutron activation analysis. A preliminary discussion about the data is given.

Objective To explore the effect of oral mosapride on gastrointestinal transit time in elderly patients undergoing capsule endoscopy.Methods A total of 61 patients referred for capsule endoscopy during 2010 September to 2012 January were involved in this study.40 patients over 65 years old were prospectively randomized into mosapride citrate group (n=19) or non-mosapride citrate group (n=21).Patients under 65 years old were in control group (n=21).Mosapride citrate group took 10 mg mosapride citrate orally before endoscopy.The gastrointestinal transit time was calculated.Results Gastric emptying time and small intestinal transit time of patients over 65 years old were significantly shorter in mosapride citrate group than in non-mosapride citrate group [(48.6± 21.1) minand (64.3±22.4) min,t=2.274,P=0.029; (302.2±67.6) min vs.(347.14±51.18) min,t=2.384,P=0.022].There were on significant differences in gastric emptying time and small intestinal transit time between non-older group [(45.4 ± 28.4) min and (284.8 ± 78.3) min] and mosapride citrate group (t=0.407,P=0.686;t=0.751,P=0.457).There was a difference in the image score between medication group and no medication group (4.94±0.63 versus 4.50±0.68; t=2.137,P=0.039) in over 65 years old patients.Conclusions Mosapride may decreased the gastric emptying time and small intestinal transit time,improves the capsules endoscopy image quality and testing completion rate.

Objective: To study the expression of calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) in human macrophages and the effect of CaR on macrophages converting to foam cells with its mechanism. Methods: Human macrophages were treated with ox-LDL (100 mg/L) for 48 h to induce foam cell formation, the experimental foam cells were cultured in 3 groups for 48 h respectively. Blank control group, Foam cell + CaR agonists (Agonists) group and Foam cell + CaR inhibitor (Inhibitor) group. The CaR expression in macrophages was measured by immuno-fluorescence and Western blot analysis. The positive foam cell formation was detected by oil red O staining, the intracellular cholesterol metabolism in foam cell was observed by HPLC, the inlfammatory cytokine secretion in foam cell culture supernatant was examined by ELISA, the protein expressions of CD36 and acyl-coA: cholesterol acyl-transferase (ACAT-1) in foam cells was measured by Western blot analysis. Results: Immuno-lfuorescence and Western blot indicated CaR is expressed in human macrophages. Compared with Control group, Oil Red O staining and HPLC showed that Agonists group had less positive foam cell formation, decreased CE, FC , TC, and Inhibitor group had more positive foam cell formation, increased CE, FC, TC, allP<0.05; ELISA presented that Agonists group had decreased TNF-α, MIF, increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and Inhibitor group had increased TNF-α, MIF, decreased IL-10, allP<0.05; Western blot analysis indicated that Agonists group had decreased protein expressions of CD36, ACAT-1 in foam cells, and Inhibitor group had increased protein expressions of CD36 and ACAT-1. Conclusion: CaR is expressed in human macrophages, the higher CaR expression may inhibit macrophages converting to foam cells.

Objective To study shorten the time of initial oral intake and fluid intake after general anesthesia in patients receiving oral and maxillofacial surgery,and to reduce the patient′s discomfort and adverse reactions and promote the postoperative recovery. Methods A total of 160 patients were divided into control group and observation group with 80 cases each by random digits table method from April to September in 2014. Patients in control group were allowed to take food orally 6 h after they emerged from anesthesia; while those in observation group were allowed to drink water after 2 h at emergence from anesthesia and take liquid food after 4 h. The mis-aspiration,the fasting glucose,blood pressure,heart rate and the rate of thirst,hunger,nausea,vomiting were observed. Results The rate of thirst, hunger, nausea, vomiting in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(4 cases vs. 73 cases, 15 cases vs. 76 cases, 10 cases vs. 29 cases, 1 case vs. 7 cases), and there were significant differences, P<0.05, χ2=119.19, 94.83, 12.24, 4.74.The fasting plasma glucose level in observation group was higher than that in control group:(4.82 ±0.74) mmol/L vs. (4.06 ±0.62) mmol/L, and there was significant difference, P<0.05, t=-7.04. The incidence of mis-aspiration was 0 in two groups. The blood pressure and heart rate in control group after operation were lower than those before operation, P<0.05,the t value of systolic pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate:-2.32,-2.03,-4.89 after operation of 1 h,-2.75,-10.54,-6.22 after operation of 3 h,-8.91,-14.76,-6.14 after operation of 5 h. There was no significant difference in blood pressure after operation of 1 h compared with that before operation in observation group, P>0.05, the t value of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure were-2.73,-2.56. Conclusion Shorten the time of taking food for patients undergoing the oral and maxillofacial surgery,in order to relieve uncomfortable symptoms,prevent hypoglycemia and the hemodynamic disturbance after anesthesia, and promote recovery,early postoperative feeding should be suggested on the premise that they are fully awake.

Objective Through the analysis of the characteristics of serum lipids metabolism and plasma fi‐brinogen levels in patients with sudden hearing loss ,to investigate the relationship between them with sudden deaf‐ness .Methods A retrospective analysis of 180 cases of patients with sudden deafness (SHL group) ,depending on the type of auditory threshold curve divided into low intermediate frequency drops group (low intermediate frequency group) and 40 cases ,the high frequency drop group (high frequency) 90 cases ,all frequency drop group (group all frequency) 50 cases ,and drawing 180 cases in the same period of hospitalization deviated septum ,vocal cord polyp patients as control group .All patients'triglyceride (TG) ,total cholesterol (TC) ,low -density lipoprotein choles‐terol (LDL -C) ,high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL -C) ,glucose (Glu) ,plasma fibrinogen (FIB ) levels were analyzed .Then a meaningful factor multivariate Logistic regression analysis was made .Results There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups'TC ,HDL -C ,LDL -C ,Glu ,and FIB(P<0 .05) .There was no significant difference of TG (P>0 .05) .There was a statistically significant difference between the groups'all frequency and low frequency group and control group TC ,HDL -C ,LDL -C ,FIB(P<0 .05) .There was no sig‐nificant difference between each group of Sudden deafness group and the high frequency group and control group (P>0 .05) .The Logistic regression analysis showed that the LDL ,FIB was the major risk factors associated with the onset of sudden deafness .Conclusion Lipid levels in patients with sudden hearing loss is higher than that of in the normal hearing group .High levels of LDL - C and FIB have close correlations with the patients with sudden deafness ,and the related risk factors for the onset of sudden deafness ,according to threshold curve type ,should choose targeted treatment options .

Objective To evaluate applicative value of laparoscopy in children for the diagnosis and treatment of non-palpable testes.Method We evaluated retrospectively the laparoscopic approach used in 16 boys for the diagnosis and treatment of 21 non-palpable testes. All of them were diagnosed by non-palpable testis before operation.Results 7 cases (11 testis) in the internal ring were mobilized laparoscopically, and the operation was completed by open orchidopexy. Agenesis or atrophy of the 6 testis in the inguinal region was found. 2 high intra-abdominal testis (left) were found. The testis had no found in the intra-abdomen in two cases.Conclusions Miniinvasive laparoscopy is considered at present the standard method for the localization and treatment of non-palpable testes. No serious complications were recorded during or after operation. It should be the preferred method for the non-palpable testes.

Objective To investigate the impact and clinical significance of helicobacter pylori (Hp) elimination on ghrelin. Methods Forty patients with chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), 42 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), 41 patients with peptic ulcer (PU) and 17 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (CA) were included in this study. All of pa-tients in four groups were Hp-positive. Forty patients with Hp-negative were used as control. The Hp elimination were only performed in CAG,CSG and PU groups. The serum ghrelin and pepsinogen (PG) levels before and after Hp elimination were detected with ELISA assay in CSG, CAG and PU groups. The correlation between PG and glrelin was also detected. The ex-pression of ghrelin in gastric mucosa was detected by RT-PCR. Results Comparing with control group (30.41 ± 8.97), the ghrelin level was increased in PU group (35.42±9.87), but which were decreased in CAG group (18.59±8.19) and CA group (18.33±6.88). There was no significant difference in ghrelin level between CSG group (26.08±9.14) and control group. After Hp elimination, the serum and gastric mucosa ghrelin levels were significantly increased in CSG group (P＜0.01), but both serum and gastric mucosa ghrelin levels were significantly decreased in PU group (P＜0.01). And no significant difference in the level of ghrelin after Hp elimination in CAG group (P>0.05). A positive correlation was found between serum PGⅠ/PGⅡand serum ghrelin level in CSG, CAG and CA groups (r=0.668,P＜0.01). Conclusion Hp elimination has an impact on ghrelin level in patients with upper gastrointestinal diseases. The changes of ghrelin level related to PGⅠ/PGⅡ. Ghrelin can be used as one of the indexes of diagnostic and prognostic evaluation in Hp related upper gastrointestinal diseases.

OBJECTIVE: Through the analysis of coagulation convention and blood routine parameters of sudden hearing loss (SHL) patients, further prove the correlation of sudden deafness and the the inner ear microcirculation, to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHOD: Select 424 patients (448 ears) with sudden deafness in our department to SHL group. According to hearing curve is classified into low intermediate frequency descent group, high frequency drop and full frequency group, and drawing 244 cases in the same period of hospitalization deviated septum, vocal cord polyp patients as control group. All patients' coagulation detection, D-dimer, blood leukocytes, neutrophils and platelet count percentages were analyzed. Then a meaningful factor multivariate Logistic regression analysis was made. RESULT: There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups' prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time measurement, fibrinogen, D-dimer, platelet count, white blood cell, neutrophil ratio(P<0.05); Logistic regression analysis showed that the prothrombin, thrombin time measurement, fibrinogen, D-dimer, neutrophil incidence of sudden hearing loss associated risk factors. CONCLUSION SHL in patients with coagulation dysfunction may be involved in the occurrence of SHL development mechanism, and there is a correlation of the SHL and the dysfunction of inner ear microcirculation.
Blood Coagulation Disorders ; complications ; Ear, Inner ; blood supply ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; analysis ; Fibrinogen ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; blood ; complications ; Humans ; Incidence ; Risk Factors

Two cases of the aortopulmonary scptal defect were operated on our hospital. Among them, one was associated with patent ductus arterious and primary thrombocytopenia and the other with chronic heart failure. The defects were repaired successfully with a patch through a transaortic approach by means of four-point fixation. The diagnosis and surgical technique were discussed.

Objective To know the remote quality of life of patients with tumor of larynx when ab-scised by different type, and then summarize proper countermeasures of nursing. Methods Selected 82 laryngocarcinoma patients with exacte]y diagnosis. There were 40 cases had received total laryngectumy, 42 cases had received partial laryngectomy. Evaluated the level of remote quality of life of 82 patients by QLQ-H&N65, and then analyzed the datum. Results The level of quality of life of patients with total laryn-gectomy were worse than those in patients with partial laryngectomy in the aspects such as general health, swallow, language, emotional function, social function, body fuction and so on. Conclusions The quality of life of patients with tumor of larynx is influenced by several factors, their remote quality of life should be emphasised by nurses.