To realize temperature real-time control in microwave heat treatment, this paper presents a new type of thermal dosimeter on hyperthermia. The sign of temperature is extracted by mini-thermal-electronic-couple transducer, amplification circuit and main magnifier. The bond of temperature controlling and thermal therapy is achieved, the experimental prototype of thermal dosimeter equipment is developed and clinical experiment scheme is designed. The whole system is simple in structure, high in efficiency and reliability.

Objective To investigate the effects of preoperative parecoxib on the levels of inter-leukin 6 (IL-6)and postoperative analgesia for breast surgery.Methods Sixty breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy were randomly divided into two groups:parecoxib group (group P)and con-trol group (group C),n=30 in each group.All patients received sevoflurane and fentanyl anesthesia. Group P was injected parecoxib 40 mg at 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia,meanwhile group C was injected saline 5 ml.All patients received postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA)with fentanyl.VAS scores for pain were assessed at postoperative 2,4,8,12,24 hours. The serum levels of IL-6 were measured by ELISA at 10 minutes before induction,4 h,8 h,and 24 h after surgery.Results Group P had lower VAS scores than group C at 2-12 h after surgery (P <0.05).Compared with 10 minutes before induction,the levels of IL-6 increased significantly at post-operative 4,8,24 h in two groups (P<0.01),while group P had lower levels of IL-6 than group C (P <0.01).Conclusion Preoperative administration of parecoxib has a stronger analgesic effect in breast cancer patients after mastectomy,and decreases the levels of IL-6.

Objective To study the characteristics of patients with acute arsine poisoning and its possible treatments. Methods The only use of drugs,or drugs with plasma exchange(PE)were used to treat 36 patients with acute arsine poisoning.The blood haemolysis,enzymes of creatinc kinase(CK),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),?-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase(HHBD), total bihrubin(TBIL),indirect bilirubin(IBIL),direct bilirubin(DBIL),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine (Cr)were observed.Results There was an exposure time-effect relation in clinical characteristics,and a linear correlation between the concentrations of arsenic in blood and urine(r=0.718,P=0.019),but no significant correlations were found between the concentrations of arsenic in blood or urine with CK,LDH,ALP,ALT,AST,HHBD,TBIL,IBIL, DBIL,BUN,Cr(P＞0.05).In patients with severe acute arsine poisoning,PE quickly controlled hemolysis within 24 hours,and prevented secondary damage in kidney and other organs,oliguria stage got much shorter,and CK,LDH,ALP, AST,HHBD,TBIL,IBIL,BUN significantly reduced at 24 to 72 hours after PE treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusions The only use of drug was enough for the treatment of mild acute arsine poisoning.To the patients with severe acute arsine poisoning,PE may be an effective method to control its blood hemolysis and prevent complications,which should be taken as early as possible.

Objective To study the efficacy and toxicity of the cyberknife in the treatment of medically inoperable patients with early stage lung cancer. Methods From September 2006 to July 2007,17 patients with clinical stage Ⅰ a- Ⅰ b lung cancer were treated with cyberknife at Tianjin Cancer Hospital. Of the 11 patients receiving CT guided biopsy, 3 were squamous cell cancer and 8 were adenocarcinoma. Six patients refused intrusive operation and were diagnosed by PET-CT scan. All patients were medically inoperable evaluated by a thoracic surgeon. The PTV = GTV + 3 ～ 5 mm, and the median volume of PTV was 36 cm3 (6-82 cm3 ). The median total prescription dose was 50 Gy(45-60 Gy) at 3-5 fractions. Results The median follow-up time was 7 months (3-11 months). All the patients finished the treatment and were alive by the last follow-up. Slight fatigue was the most common complain. Evaluated by CT scan, 13 were complete response and 4 were partial response. No recurrence, progression or distant metastasis occured. There were 3 patients with grade Ⅰ granulocytopenia,3 grade Ⅰ pneumonitis and 1 grade Ⅱ pneumonitis. Conclusions The cyberknife radiosurgery treatment in early stage lung cancer shows a high rate of local control and minimal toxicity. Long time follow-up is necessary to evaluate the survival data and late toxicity.

Objective　To evaluate the effect of self-expandable nitinol mesh stent (SENMT) for advanced rectal cancer accompanied with obstruction. Methods　Clinical data were retrospectively analysed on 12 patients with advanced rectal cancer accompanied with acute or chronic obstruction treated by the stent placement. Results　SENMT was placed successfully in 10 patients including replacement in 2 patients because of the stent was migrated. The bowel movement recovered in all of the 10 patients. Ten patients were followed-up, 5 cases died within 56-720 days, and 5 others survived without intestinal obstruction for 6-15 months. The stent failed to be placed in other 2 patients. Conclusions　SENMT may be useful in the management of terminal or high-risk surgical patients for palliative purposes. Palliation management of stent placement combined with chemotherapy and immunotherapy might prolong the survival time of these patients.

Objective To find a proper number of implanted fiducials in order to reconcile both more accurate image tacking and less pain for the patients.Methods The phantom was made of two parts of different materials.The inner part was a ball-cube phantom developed by Accuray Corporation, which could be regarded as a rigid body, with 5 fiducials inside using as the reference to align the whole phantom in the experiment.The outer part was made of additional silicone rubber with two components to simulate soft tissue as a non-rigid body, which was implanted with 8 fiducials inside.All combinations of different number of fiducials were tracked to aquire the target location information, which were then compared with the reference position that was set by the inner 5 fiducials to obtain the deviations of the translation and the rotation parameters.Thus the impact of the number of fiducials on image target localization accuracy could be analyzed easily.Results When 4 fiducials are used for tracking, the decline of translation and rotation errors for every fiducial is largest (0.086 mm and 0.033°).The translation error was decreased by 0.343 mm from 1 to 4 fiducials, while by only 0.077 mm from 4 to 8 fiducials;the same decline was observed for rotation errors (0.131° for 3 to 4 fiducials , and 0.09° for 4 to 8 fiducials , respectively) .Conclusions When 4 fiducials are used for tracking, the decline of errors for every fiducial is maximum.When one more fiducial is adding, the image target localization accuracy can be enhanced obviously from 1 to 4 fiducials, but not as obvious for more than 4 fiducials.

Objective To evaluate the response rate and efficacy of Cyberknife in the treatment of iliac lymph node metastases (ILNM).Methods Twenty-two patients with 27 ILNM were treated by Cyberknife from May 2010 to May 2016.Tumor volume range from 0.88 to 125.66 cm3 (median 18.87 cm3).The total doses ranged from 21 to 51 Gy (median 39 Gy) and biological effective doses from 35.7 to 100 Gy (median 72.6 Gy) in 3-8 fractions (median 5).Sixty-four percent to eighty-two percent (median 72％) isodose line covered planning target.The survival rates were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared with Log-rank test.Results Follow-up time ranged from 8 to 97 months (median 33 months).The complete response,partial response,stable disease and progression disease rates were 37％,48％,7.5％,48％,respectively.In addition,effective rate was 92.5％.Overall survival range from 4 to 68 months (median 21 months).The 1-,2-,3-year local control rate was all 90.6％ and the survival rates were 78.8％,60.6％ and 43.3％,respectively.Adverse reactions after treatment were gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea,vomiting,fatigue.The chemotherapy before Cyberknife helped to improve overall survival.The patients with backache or edema of lower extremity got rapid relief after treatment.Conclusion The treatment of ILNM with Cyberknife has provided a high response rate with minimal side effects.Cyberknife is a safe and effective local treatment method for ILNM.

Calibration ; Humans ; Poisons ; urine

The model establishment and numerical simulation of specific absorption rate (SAR) and the unsteady-state temperature distribution for radio frequency (RF) thermotherapy with double-frequencies and double-plates are presented in this paper. The model can correctly reflect the attenuation of electromagnetic wave in the biotissue. The variation of perfusion with temperature and the lower perfusion in tumor tissue are fully considered in the simulation of unsteady-state temperature profiles. Also presented are detailed analyses and discussions on the characteristics of SAR and temperature profiles, and the effects of the plates location and power as well as of the perfusion on the depth of effective treatment.
Computer Simulation ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Models, Theoretical ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Temperature ; Thermal Conductivity

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of CyberKnife radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma. Methods The data of 59 patients with locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma who were treated with CyberKnife radiotherapy from 2006 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The tumor volume ranged from 13?? 0 cm3 to 125?? 1 cm3 with a median value of 27?? 1 cm3 . A dose of 35?50 Gy (median value= 45 Gy) in 3?8 fractions (median value = 5 fractions) was prescribed. The tumor progression was evaluated based on computed tomography. The overall survival (OS) and local progression?free survival ( LPFS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan?Meier method. Results The 1?and 2?year sample sizes were 26 and 17, respectively. The 1?and 2?year OS rates were 54% and 35%, respectively, while the 1?and 2?year LPFS rates were 91% and 70%, respectively. The median OS and LPFS times were 12?? 5 and 10?? 9 months, respectively. The overall incidence of grade 1?2 acute and late gastrointestinal toxicity was 61%. One patient with grade 3 late gastrointestinal toxicity had incomplete intestinal obstruction. Conclusions CyberKnife radiotherapy can achieve excellent treatment outcomes and mild complications in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma.