Objective　To study the malignant or benign characters of lung mini nodules for diagnosis and treatment.Methods　A retrospective analysis was performed on 80 post-operative cases with pathologically confirmed malignant or benign lung mini-nodules.Results　Lung mini-nodule resection cases accounted for 17.7%(80) out of a 451-cases group.Malignant cases accounted for 73.7%(59/80)，benign cases 26.3%(21/80).Most of the malignant cases were squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma,while most of the benign cases were tuberculosis and inflammatory pseudo-neoplasms.As for pTNM staging in malignant cases,there were 28 in pT1N0M0，19 in pT1N1M0,1 in pT1N1M1,10in pT1N2M0 and 1 in pT1N2M1;the average survival time was 29.4 months.The accurate rate of pre-operative X-ray and CT scan was 45% and 76.2% respectively.Conclusion　For patients with lung mini-nodules ＜2 cm CT value at 37HU,and the nature unknown ,resection is suggested.

Objective To understand the trends of institutional delivery in recent 30 years in China and find out the main social and demographic factors. Methods Two-staged PPS method was employed for sampling; Uniform questionnaire was drafted and direct interview was adopted to collect the information. Results The institutional delivery rate was increasing rapidly with time, especially from 1990's, which had climbed to 82% in the last three years, but it was still unsatisfactory in the central and western areas. Meanwhile, most women who delivered outside the hospital were assisted only by birth attendants/village doctors or family members/friends in labor. Factor analysis showed that the women s education and occupation and their husbands, the gap of education between the couples, and the antenatal care could significantly affect their choice for where to deliver. Conclusions Great improvement had been achieved in the last several decades, and both individual characteristics, community and health facility could have influences on the women s decision on where to give birth.

Objective:To observe the effect of replenishing the kidney and eliminating phlegm therapy on calciumlcalmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CaMKⅡ-?) activities of AD rat model,and explore the potential mechanism.Methods:AD model was established by injection of ibotenic acid(IBO) and 25-35 ?-amyloid peptide(A?25-35) into basal nucleus of Meynert.After injecting for two weeks,Bushen Huatan Decoction was administered by oral gavage of high,middle and low dosages.Huperzine A-Zhulin Antun tablets served as control drug.Normal group,model group and blank group were administered with isovolumetric saline water.After treating for four weeks,hybridization in situ was used to observe the change of CaMK Ⅱ in hippocamp.Results:The expression of CaMKⅡ-? in model group was more than that in normal group(P

The fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood insulin (INS), insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and resistant hormone of INS in 46 patients with NIDDM were observed before and after the treatment. It was showed that the good effect was achieved in the cases by acupuncture and moxibustion, while the contents of FBS and INS in plasma were all decreased and ISI was increased in the cases treated by acupuncture and moxibustion, the degree of decrease of FBS and INS, and increase of ISI being closely related to therapeutic effect. The level of resistant hormone of INS and lipid in patients tend to normal level. Acupuncture and moxibustion had a good regulatory effect on the function of endocrine,sugar and lipid metabolism. It suggests that IR can be corrected by acupuncture and moxibustion,which is a key to therapeutic effect.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are fibrous structures released by neutrophils and the formation process is called NETosis. NETs participate in the host innate immunity. Recent research has found that NETs is a double-edged sword. Under normal conditions, the formation of NETs can play a role in clearing pathogens and maintain the host homeostasis. However, when NETs are overproduced or not cleared in time, they can take part in the pathogenesis of many diseases. This article reviewed the formation of NETs, the mechanisms involved in NETosis and the role of NETs in the secretion of multiple cytokines in different diseases.

Objective To evaluate the quality of domestic hepatitis C diagnostic reagents objectively,and to build up the quality control systems for assessment of hepatitis Cdiagnostic reagents.Methods4080 serum samples from blood donors were collected and detected with EIA kits.146anti-HCV positive and negative samples were selected and tested repeatedly by two different imported ( Murex and Ortho) and domestic anti-HCV EIA kits(InTec,ZHONGSHAN BIO-TECH,WANTAI and KHB),then confirmed by CHIRON RIBA HCV 3.0 and PCR qualitative reagents.The samples were tested by nucleic acid quantitative assay and the RNA positive samples were detected by genotyping reagents.ResultsThe quality control systems of diagnostic reagents of anti-HCV and HCV RNA were constructed.Each quality control system was consisted of 50 samples,including 20 anti-HCV/HCV RNA positive,20 anti-HCV/HCV RNA negative and 10 diluted specimens for sensitivity evaluation.The positive samples with dominant HCV genotypes in China contained strong,moderate and weak positive samples.The negative samples involved those S/CO value ( signal-to-cutoff ratios ) close to threshold.Conclusion The quality control systems established in this study are suitable for assessment of the new and improved domestic hepatitis C diagnostic reagents.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Chinese Medicinals with right supporting and phlegm transforming actions on albumin synthesis and secretion of fibrous hepatic cells of rat in vitro. Methods: Amygdalin, the water soluble extract of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, lordyceps, and colchicine were used to act on fibrous hepatic cells of rat produced by primary monolayer culture in vitro. The results were determined by ELISA method. Results: Besides colchicine, the others amygdalin and cordyceps. Cordyceps, the water soluble extract of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) showed the obvious raising actions on albumin synthesis and secretion of fibrous hepatic cells of rat ( P

Objective To retrospectively analyze the treatment outcomes and prognostic factors for primary bone lymphomas ( PBL) . Methods Forty patients with PBL who were admitted to our center from 1964 to 2014 were enrolled as subjects. In those patients, 10 were treated with chemotherapy alone, 10 with radiochemotherapy, 10 with postoperative chemotherapy, 9 with postoperative radiochemotherapy, and 1 with surgery alone. The median radiation dose was 36 Gy. The Kaplan?Meier method was used to calculate survival rates . The log?rank test was used for survival difference analysis and univariate prognostic analysis . Results The follow?up rate was 100%. The 3?year sample size was 36. In all patients, the 1?and 3?year overall survival rates were 60% and 42%, respectively, while the 1?and 3?year disease?free survival rates were 45%and 34%, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that no pathological fracture at diagnosis, normal lactate dehydrogenase level, an International Prognostic Index score of ≤1, early clinical stage ( stageⅠE ) , complete response after initial treatment, no less than 6 cycles of chemotherapy, a radiation dose of≥40 Gy, no progression outside radiation field after radiotherapy, and grade<3 bone marrow suppression during the treatment were prognostic factors for survival ( P=0. 027, 0. 037, 0. 000, 0. 016, 0. 000, 0. 000, 0. 022, 0. 014, and 0. 030). Conclusions The incidence of PBL is low. Comprehensive treatment can achieve satisfactory outcomes. As a PBL staging system, Ann Arbor has limitations. The staging of PBL should be based on local bone destruction and metastasis.

Items of design and signature from clinical trial drugs were made , the occurrence ratio of every item in 2265 informed consent form ( ICF) from 63 clinical trial drugs in Beijing Youan Hospital affiliated to Capital U-niversity of Medical Sciences were analyzed , and items with lower occurrence ratio were explored .Generally , the design and signature of ICF met the requirement of GCP .However , there were some defects of ICF and antonym of signature .Based on the analysis on the problems , some measures were put forward:formulate relevant standard op-erating procedures , strengthening the management of informed consent , and strengthen the system construction and education training , promote the hospital ethics construction , to protect the rights and interests of the subjects .

Objective To compare cellular immune responses in mice elicited by Chinese different AIDS candidate vaccines.Methods According to their different immunization procedures,BALB/c mice were immunized with 6 AIDS candidate vaccines,separately.Spleen cells were isolated for the detection of cellular immune response to HIV-specific peptides using enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot(ELISPOT)assay and intracellular cytokine staining(ICS)method.Results AIDS vaccines were evaluated by using potential T-cell epitopes(PTE)Gag,Env and Pol peptides pool and ELISPOT.The positive conversion rates for cellular immune response of 1#-6# vaccines fluctuated from 70% to 100%.The vaccine-induced cellular immune responses to specific peptides pool are different not only in magnitude but also in breadth.The Th1type cytokines,IFN-γand IL-2,were detected with ELISPOT in 1# and 2# vaccines.The productions of IFN-γand IL-2 induced by both of the two vaccines showed a moderate correlation(r1 =0.62,P1 ＜0.01 ;r2=0.79,P2 ＜ 0.01).The positive conversion rate of IFN-γ secreting cells of 1 # vaccine was 66.7%(10/15)mice detected with both ELISPOT and ICS.And the results tested by ELISPOT and ICS showed moderate correlation(r = 0.55,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The magnitude and breadth of cellular immune responses induced by different AIDS candidate vaccines are different.Being induced by different AIDS candidate vaccines,the IFN-γand other Th1 type cytokines detected by ELISPOT or ICS could be used to evaluate the cellular immune responses in mice.