Objective To investigate the effect of EST and EPBD on the gallbladder function.Methods Fifty-eight patients who underwent common bile duct lithotomy were divided into three groups,the EST major incision group (21),the EST minor incision group (20) and the endoscopic papillary balloon dilation group (17).Twenty healthy people were involved as the control group.The hepatobiliary dynamic imaging was used to evaluate the gallbladder function,indices including (1) Half time of liver excretion (TEX),(2)Peak time of common bile duct excretion (CBD Tup),(3)Gallbladder imaging time(GBVT),(4) Half time of gallbladder excretion (GBT1/2),(5)Gallbladder excretion fraction at the 30th minute (GBEF30min),(6) Gallbladder excretion rate at the 30th minute (GBER 30 min),(7)Duodenum imaging time (DUT),(8) Peak time of bile flowing in duodenal (DU Tup),(9) Bile ratio in gallbladder at the 30th minute(Fgb),(10)Bile ratio in intestinal at the 30th minute (Fsi).Effects of the three operative methods on the gallbladder function were evaluated.Results Compared with the other two treatment groups and control group respectively,the TEX of the EST major incision group was significantly shorter (P ＜0.05),CBD Tup,DUT and DU Tup appeared earlier (P ＜0.05),GBVT was delayed (P ＜0.001),GBT1/2 was shorter (P ＜0.001),GBEF 30 min was higher (P ＜0.001) and GBER 30 min was faster (P ＜0.001) in this group.Gallbladder and intestines ratio (Fgb,Fsi) at the 30th minute were significantly different (P ＜0.001) with Fgb reducing while Fsi increasing in this group,compared with others.Compared with the control group respectively,neither the minor incision group nor the EPBD group (P ＞ 0.05) showed significant differences in these indices.Conclusion The storage function of gallbladder has been injured and excretion has been enhanced after EST major incision.Neither minor incision nor the EPBD leads to significant change in the gallbladder function.