Objective The purpose of this study is to help long term in-patients with senile pruritus choose the appropriate die and further relieve pruritus and improve the quality of life. Methods Totally 37 cases of elderly people with senile pruritus were selected as the observation group who were in community health service center from June 2015 to February 2016. The control group was selected from a welfare hospital. Both of the two groups were evaluated by the degree and the area of pruritus. The control group followed the original diet. The observation group was given enough fruits and vegetables. After six months intervention, the evaluation of the degree and area of pruritus, the rate of skin infections etc were constructed. Results After 6-month intervention, the cases of severe pruritus, skin infection, mini nutritional assessment no less than 24, the constipation, and patients without depression by the Depression Rating Scale in the observation group were 10.81%(4/37), 5.41%(2/37), 64.86%(24/37), 13.51%(5/37), 89.19%(33/37). The cases of the control group were 67.57%(25/37), 43.24%(16/37), 24.32%(9/37), 91.89%(34/37), 43.24%(16/37). According to the two groups, the differences were statistically significant (χ2=12.31-45.59;P<0.05 or 0.01) . The percentage of skin itching area in the observation group was 13.00%(0, 32.25%), the differences were statistically significant from that in the control group, 32.00%(22.00%, 50.50%) (Z=29.53, P<0.01). Conclusions Ensuring enough intake of fruits and vegetables can reduce the morbidity of senile pruritus in long-term in-patients and further improve the quality of life.

Objective To study the non-covalent binding between the tectoridin(TE) and plasma proteins.Methods The molecular weights of TE,human serum albumin(HSA),?1-acid glycoprotein(AAG) and the protein-drug complexes were measured by the electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry(ESI-MS).The maximum stoichiometric ratios were obtained according to the molecular weight change of the complexes before and after binding reaction.The binding constants(K) of the complexes were calculated by the Scatchard equation.The main sorts of binding force of the complexes were deduced according to the relationship between the reaction temperature and the thermodynamic parameters(?H and ?S).Results The K of the complexes were 1.914?104 mol/L for TE-HSA and 5.893?104 mol/L for TE-AAG,and the number of binding sites were 7.8 and 3.3,respectively.The main sorts of binding force between TE-HSA or TE-AAG were static-electricity gravitation.Conclusion ESI-MS is a good method for studying of the TE-protein non-covalent binding with some advantages in sensitivity,high-speed,and accuracy.

Objective To elucidate the ESI-MS performance of lipophilic tanshinones and to establish a fingerprint of lipophilic tanshinones of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiza.Methods The lipophilic tanshinones were extracted by ultrasonic wave with 95% ethanol from Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiza and the extracts were analyzed directly in positive ion mode by electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry(ESI-MS).Results The lipophilic tanshinones were easily to form molecular ions ~+ and dimeric sodium adduct ions ~+ in positive ion mode,molecular ions of lipophilic tanshinones were fragmentated through lossing H_2O,CO and A-ring cleavages in ESI-MS~2.The ESI-MS fingerprints of lipophilic tanshinone extracts with 14 selected characteristic peaks analyzed with SPSS software were characteristic and stable.Conclusion Lipophilic tanshinones have similar ESI-MS performance;the ESI-MS fingerprint is a useful tool for a rapid and special identification of lipophilic tanshinones in selected traditional Chinese medicine.

To study the influence of the compatibility of ophiopogonis tuber and Chinese magnoliavine fruit with gastrodia rhizome on the pharmacokinetics of gastrodin in rat, three dosages of compound Tianma granule extract (equivalent to gastrodin 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1)) and one dosage of Tianma extract (equivalent to gastrodin 100 mg x kg(-1) were administered to rats by intragastric administration separately. Plasma samples were collected at different times and treated with methanol and acetonitrile to precipitate protein. The contents of gastrodin in plasma were determined by HPLC method. The mean plasma concentration-time curves of different medication administration teams were processed with WinNonlin 5.2.1 pharmacokinetic software. The pharmacokinetic parameters of different medication administration teams were analyzed with SPSS statistics 17.0 software. The results indicated that the in vivo kinetic process of gastrodin was fitted to first-order absorption un-compartment model at low, middle dosages and zero-order absorption un-compartment model at high dosage of compound Tianma granule extract. By comparison with the pharmacokinetic parameters of gastrodin (100 mg x kg(-1)) in Tianma extract, the significant decrease for Cmax and significant increase for MRT0-infinity in compound Tianma granule extract indicated that the compatibility of ophiopogonis tuber and Chinese magnoliavine fruit with Gastrodia rhizome can delay the absorption, reduce the elimination rate and prolong the action time of gastrodin in vivo.

Sixty patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN) and normal blood pressure were randomly divided into telmisartan treatment and control groups.And the blood biochemical parameters,urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER),the serum levels of homocysteine (HCY) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were measured at both pre- and post-treatment of 24 weeks.After treatment,the levels ofUAER,HCY [(61 ±26) vs.(98±38) mg/L,(11.70 ±2.86) vs.(14.4±2.8) μmol/L (P＜ 0.01 ) ]and homeostasis model of insulin resistance index,TGF-β1 [ ( 3.17 ± 0.66) vs.( 3.60 ± 0.87 ),(66 ± 14) vs.(77 ± 17 )U/L respectively (P ＜ 0.05 )]in the telmisartan group were significantly lower than those in the control group.It indicated that telmisartan could improve the insulin sensitivity,significantly decrease the serum levels of HCY and TGF-β1,reduce UAER and exert kidney protection effects in the patients with early DN.

Triptolide (TP) is a major active component in Tripterygium root, but its therapeutic window was very narrow due to its severe multi-organ toxicity. In this work, the effect of TP combined with glycyrrhetic acid (GA) on mRNA expression and activity of four cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in rat liver was studied after intragastric administration of TP (0.05, 0.3 and 0.6 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) and TP (0.6 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) combined with GA (30 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) for 7 consecutive days. Compared with the control, the high dose of TP significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of CYP2E1, 1A2, 3A1 and 2C11, the co-administration of TP and GA further up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of CYP3A1, 2C11 and 2E1 as compared with the high dose of TP. Meanwhile, TP at high dose and combined with GA significantly increased CYP3A-associated testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation activity (2.2-fold and 4.1-fold, respectively) as compared with the control. Because TP is mainly metabolized by CYP3A2 in male rats, the present work indicated that TP-induced increase of CYP3A activity might be an important reason for the rapidly metabolic clearance of TP in rat liver, and GA can reduce the hepatotoxicity of TP by promoting its hepatic metabolic clearance. Furthermore, the results also suggest that the drug interactions might be occurred when TP and GA were co-administered with other CYP3A substrate drug.

Abstract: The activities of four CYP450 enzymes (CYP3A, 1A2, 2El and 2C) and the mRNA expression levels of CYP1A2, 2El, 2Cll and 3A1 in rat liver were determined after Wistar rats were orally administered with brucine (BR) at three dosage levels (3, 15 and 60 mg.kg-1 per day) and the high dose of BR combined with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA, 25 mg.kg-1 per day) or liquiritin (LQ, 20 mg.kg-1 per day) for 7 consecutive days. Compared with the control, brucine caused 24.5% and 34.6% decrease of CYP3A-associated testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation (6betaTesto-OH) and CYP2C-associated tolbutamide hydroxylation (Tol-OH), respectively, and 146.1% increase of CYP2El-associated para-nitrophenol hydroxylation (PNP-OH) at the high dose level. On the other hand, (BR+GA) caused 51.4% and 33.5% decrease, respectively, of CYP2El-associated PNP-OH and CYP1A2-associated ethoxyresorufin-O-de-ethylation (EROD) as compared with the high dose of BR group. Meanwhile, (BR+LQ) caused 41.1% decrease of CYP2El-associated PNP-OH and 37.7% increase of CYP2C-associated Tol-OH. The results indicated that the co-administration of BR with GA or LQ had effect on mRNA expression and activities of the CYP450 enzymes mentioned above to some extent, and the in vivo antagonism of LQ on BR-induced CYPs adverse effects and the in vivo inhibitory action of GA on CYP2E1 and 1A2 might play an important role in the detoxification of Radix Glycyrrhizae against Strychnos nux-vomica L.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Maijun'an Tablets on expression of endothelin-1(ET-1) and nitricoxide synthase(NOS) in tissues and plasma of spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods:12 spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) were divided randomly into normal control group and drug administration group. Rats in drug administration group were orally given with Maijun'an Tablets (hydrochlorothiazide 10 mg?kg-1.d-1,puerarin 36 mg?kg-1.d-1 and total alkaloid of rhynchophylla 122 mg?kg-1.d-1) once a day for 4 weeks,and rats in control group were orally dosed with equal amount of physiological saline. All animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks. The mRNA and protein contents of ET-1 and NOS in plasma,liver,kidnay and blood vessel were determined. Results:Compared with the control group,Maijun'an Tablets can effectively reduce blood pressure of SHRs,regulate down the content of ET-1 and regulate up the content of NOS at mRNA and protein levels. Conclusion:The up-regulation of NOS and down-regulation of ET-1 at mRNA and protein levels were the major antihypertensive machnisam of Maijun'an Tablets for SHRs.

Objective To investigate the effects of pravastatin on the blood biochemical index,the levels of serum resistin,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods 60 patients with IGT and MS were random treated with pravastatin or remedial life-style intervention,and the levels of lipids profiles,insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR),serum resistin,TNF-α and IL-6 were measured before and after treatment.Results The levels of total cholesterol [ (4.45 ±0.60)mmol/L vs (5.58 ±0.96) mmol/L,t =-5.42,P ＜0.01],HOMA-IR [3.22 ±0.64 vs 3.58 ±0.71,t =-2.05,P ＜0.05) ],resistin[ (1.97 ±0.72) μg/L vs (2.76 ±0.73) μg/L,t=-4.26,P ＜0.01 ],TNF-α[ (9.36 ±2.03) μg/L vs (13.87 ±2.30)μg/L,t =-8.06,P ＜0.01] and IL-6[ (3.50 ±0.99) μg/L vs (6.32 ±1.17) μg/L,t =-10.06,P ＜0.01 ] in pravastatin group were significantly lower than those in life-style intervention group.Conclusion Pravastatin could improve insulin sensitivity of the patients with IGT and MS,significantly decreased the serum levels of resistin,TNF-α,IL-6,and it had anti-inflammatory effect.