Biogenic characteristiccs for the growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in saline-alkali soil was reported. Typesof saline- alkali soil sultable for the growth of G. uralensis,and technique of cultivation management and processing of G. uralensis in saline-alkali soil were discussed. Thus it provides a basis for the growth of G. uralensis in saline-alkali soil.

Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of renal inflammatory pseudotumor (RIP). Methods 10 cases of RIP treated from 1970 to 1999 were reviewed and the diagnosis and treatment were discussed. Results The main clinical manifestation of RIP were fever,lumbago and hematuria.6 of 10 underwent nephrectomy because of the suspicion of kidney cancer whereas the other 4 were cured by antibiotics without recurrence on following up for 1～5 years. Conclusions RIP is rare,the diagnosis being based on clinical symptoms together with dynamic B ultrasound and CT scan.Needle biopsy is indicated to establish the diagnosis if necessary.Antibiotics is usually effective.

Objective To understand information on cognitive and demand of chronic kidney disease(CKD) patient to contin‐uing nursing .Methods Adopting stratified random sampling method took samples 200 CKD patiens who were treated at kidney disease of internal of general hospital form March to June 2014 .Self‐made questionnaire was used to survey cognitive and demand of chronic kidney disease patient to continuing nursing .Results Totally 200 questionnaires were gave out and 184 of them were taken back ,efficient rate is 92% .First ,cognition :10 .32% CKD patiens knew the meaning of continuing nursing ,9 .24% CKD patiens knew the content of continuing nursing ,12 .50% CKD patiens knew the role of continuing nursing .Second ,demand :65 .76% -95 .11% CKD patiens had demand on disease treatment knowledge ,individual diet guidance ,regular telephone follow‐up ,and regular follow‐up nurse ;38 .04% - 53 .26% CKD patiens had urgent demand on individual diet guidance ,free health consultation ,and regu‐lar follow‐up nurse ;28 .89% CKD patiens had demand on electronic health record .Conclusion The cognitive of CKD patiens to continuing nursing is low and the demand is high .Hospital should to actively develop the continuation of local nursing service .

Objective To explore the relationship between different hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume,surgical time and outcome of treatment with surgical methods of HICH.Methods A total of 1310 patients were admitted from six hospitals from January 2004 to January 2008,the 1310 patients were divided into six groups according to different operation:craniotomy through bone flap (group A),craniotomy through small bone window (group B),stereotactic drilling drainage (group C1 and group C2),neuron-endoscopy operation (group D) and external ventricular drainage (group E),considering hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume,surgical time and result of surgical methods were reviewed and analyzed.Results ①Craniotomy through bone flap should be selected with the case of superficial or deep hematoma volume (＞ 80 mL),median line structure distinct motion,metaphase or advanced stage of hernia of brain.②Craniotomy through small bone window and neuron-endoscopy should be selected with the case of moderate hematoma volume (50-80 mL) ③Drilling drainage should be selected with the case of small hematoma volume in superficial or deep hematoma volume (20-50 mL) ④Extemal drainage should be selected in dealing with ventricular hemorrhage.Small bone window or neuron-endoscopy should be selected in ventricular casting mould.⑤The appropriate operation time for patients with hematoma volume less than 80 mL should be 6-12 hours and large hematoma should be immediately operated to save lives.The operation time should depend on patients detail condition.Conclusions Craniotomy through bone flap was suitable for large hematoma and hernia of brain; Stereotactic drilling drainage should be selected in patients with hematoma volume less than 80mL; and the operation results in dealing with HICH would be improved via suitable operation time and surgical methods and adividual according to Hemorrhage position and Hemorrhage volume.

Objective To explore whether low-dose occupational ionizing radiation exposure can affect the prevalence of lens opacity.Methods Annual occupational health checkup data of 1 007 radiation workers was taken from a provincial medical institution for the purpose of statistical analysis.Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate occupational exposure odds ratios (OR) of lens opacity,adjusted for age,gender and length of service.Eye lens opacity was grouped into cortical,nuclear and posterior subcapsular opacity according to the position of the opacity occurrence site.Opacity occurred in any one of the both eye lens was recorded as turbidity.Results Only 730 cases coupled with complete information could be used in the statistical analysis.The rate of lens opacity for all the radiation workers was 10.27％.The rates of lens opacity by exposure group were estimated to be 9.07％ for radiation diagnosis and therapy group,11.11％ for intervention group,18.18％ for nuclear medicine group,and 9.33％ for industrial application group,respectively.Compared with those in the radiation diagnosis and therapy group,the workers engaged in intervention medicine,or nuclear medicine,were more likely to suffer from the lens opacity in posterior subcapsular position.The OR and its 95％ confidence intervals were 3.00 (1.23-7.33),4.12 (1.68-10.11) for the workers in intervention medicine or nuclear medicine group.Conclusions Medical radiation workers,who were exposed to long-term low-dose of ionizing radiation,especially those who engaged in intervention or nuclear medicine,were at significantly higher risk to develop lens opacity.

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnosis,differential diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC).MethodsA total of 398 patients with renal carcinoma were hospitalized from January 1999 to October 2010,and there were 18 patients with MCRCC.The data of clinical diagnosis and treatment of these cases were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsMCRCC accoumted forrenal carcinoma in the same period was 4.52％( 18/398 ).According to TNM staging,5 cases were in stage pT1N0M0,13 cases in stage pT2N0M0.There were 8 cases in G1 phase,10 cases in G2 phase.Conclusions The preoperative diagnosis of MCRCC is difficult to differentiate,and mainly based on CT,especially spiral CT.It should be treated mainly with radical nephrectomy,and nephron sparing surgery in some cases.

ObjectiveTo summarize the initial experience of transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery of urology.MethodsFrom February 2010 to March 2011,21 patients underwent laparoendoscopic single-site surgery using transumbilical single-site and common surgical instruments of laparoendoscopic.Nine patients underwent single-site laparoscopic ureterolithotomy,5 underwent transumbilical single-site laparoscopic ureteral stricture resection and anastomosis,5 underwent transumbilical single-site laparoscopic renalcyst unroofing and 2 had a nephrectomy.All of the cases were definitely diagnosed.A single umbilical incision of 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm was made for Triport.The procedures were performed according to the methods used in classical laparoscope methods using general instruments.ResultsAll the operations were successfully completed without conversion to open surgery.The mean operative time of ureterolithotomy was 143 (120-230) min,the mean operative time of ureteral stricture resection and anastomosis was 157 (120 -180) min,the mean operative time of unroofing of renal cysts was 110 (95 -132) min,and the operative time of the nephrectomy was from 95 to 120 min.The intestinal tract function recovered within 1 -2 d,the drainage tube was removed within 2 -3 d and the postoperative hospitalization duration was 4 -7 d.The symptoms were reduced or disappeared and no major intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred within 4 - 6 months.Conclusions Transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery represents a safe and feasible operation for urologic patients.With more clinical practice,laparoendoscopic single-site surgery could be generally applied.

Objective To investigate the effect of concentrated suture fixation in subdermal vascular network flap method for treatment of axillary osmidrosis in reducing postoperative complications,increase the wound dressing effect of comfort.Methods Ninety-six cases of bilateral axillary osmidrosis patients were randomly divided into concentrated suture group (group A) and 8 bandage compression group (group B),48 cases in each group.They were cleared of sweat gland retaining subdermal vascular network skin flap method in treatment of axillary osmidrosis.Group A was treated with concentrated suture fixation after the separation of the subdermal vascular network flap by in situ,group B was treated by routine compression bandage fixation after the separation of the subdermal vascular network flap.Observation of subcutaneous hematoma,infection,necrosis of skin after operation and understood dressing comfort.To observe the peculiar smell and axillary scar,operation area 6 months postoperative growth.Results The postoperative observation:group A subcutaneous hematoma complication rate was lower in group B,the incidence of 1.04％ (1/96) vs.19.79％ (19/96),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).Group A postoperative dressing comfort satisfaction rate was 93.75％ (45/48),group B po or comfort,satisfaction rate was only 10.42％(5/48),the difference had statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).After 6 months of postoperative,the total efficiency of two groups were 100.00％,no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Group A district scar formation rate was higher than that in group B [3.12％(3/96) vs.21.88％(21/96)] (P ＜ 0.05).The armpit hair and sweat in the two groups was significantly reduced,there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Concentrated suture fixation method in the treatment of axillary osmidrosis by subdermal vascular network is a reliable fixation of the axillary free after the subdermal vascular network flap,and have flap high healing rate,scar,low rate of complications; postoperative dressing is simple,comfortable,living freely,overall is better than 8 bandage compression method.

OBJECTIVETo identify the optimal dosage of 17beta-estradiol gel + oral progestin for preventing bone loss in postmenopausal Chinese women.

METHODSA 3-year open label, randomized, prospective clinical trial was conducted. Sixty healthy women who had been postmenopausal for 1 to 5 years were recruited and divided into following 4 groups: group 1, percutaneous gel 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) 1.5 mg/d plus micronized progesterone (MP) 100 mg/d; group 2, percutaneous gel 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) 1.5 mg/d plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) 2 mg/d; group 3, percutaneous gel 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) 0.75 mg/d plus micronized progesterone (MP) 100 mg/d; and group 4, percutaneous gel 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) 0.75 mg/d plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) 2 mg/d. Estrogen and progestin were given continuously for 25 days per month. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) for trabecular bone of L2-5 and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) for L2-4 and hip 5 times during the trial at baseline and at the 6-, 12-, 18-, 24- and 36-month visits.

RESULTSFifty-nine patients (98.3%, 59/60) stayed in the study for 1 year, 56 patients (93.3%, 56/60) for 2 years, and 51 (85%, 51/50) for 3 years. On average, menopausal symptoms were relieved by 80% after 6 months of treatment. By the 24th month, the mean increase in BMD ranged from 4.3% to 7.5% in trabecular bone; and by the 36th month, it ranged from 4.2% to 6.2% in L2-4 and 1.61% to 3.77% in the neck. There were significant difference after treatment (P < 0.05). Among the four groups, no significant difference (P > 0.05) was found in improvement of symptoms, levels of bone markers or BMD.

CONCLUSIONA daily dose of estradiol gel, either 0.75 mg or 1.5 mg, is effective in preventing early postmenopausal bone loss and relieving menopausal symptoms. After 3-year treatment, spinal BMD could increase steadily, so does hip BMD, especially in the first 2 years.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Adult ; Bone Density ; Estradiol ; administration & dosage ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ; administration & dosage ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; prevention & control