Aim To observe effects of Sodium tanshinoneⅡA sulfonate(STS) on angiotensionⅡ(AngⅡ)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (p-ERK1/2). Methods In the primary culture of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, as indexes of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, the total protein was determined by coomassie brilliant blue and protein synthesis rate was measured by [3H]-Leucine incorporation. The expression of p-ERK1/2 was assessed using Western blot and fluorescence microscope. Results ① The total protein and protein synthesis rate stimulated by Ang Ⅱ(1 ?mol?L-1)in the cardiomyocytes increased significantly in contrast to that of control; STS could effectively decrease the increased total protein level induced by Ang Ⅱand markedly inhibit synthesis of protein. ② AngⅡ(1 ?mol?L-1) had the effect of promoting activation of ERK1/2 and then appeared in nucleus rapidly. The translocation process of ERK1/2 induced by AngⅡ was blocked distinctly by STS. ③ Cardiomyocyte pretreated with Ang Ⅱ(1 ?mol?L-1)for 5 min, the p-ERK1/2 protein expression began to increase ,the peak effect was at 10 min. While pretreatment with STS(2, 10, 50 ?mol?L-1) ,Ang Ⅱ-induced increase in p-ERK1/2 were inhibited evidently. ④ In pretreatment of cardiomyocyte with STS in different doses for 30 min, STS was found to be able to inhibit the expression of p-ERK1/2 stimulated by AngⅡ in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions The results suggested that activation of ERK1/2 might play an important role in cardiomyocytes hypertrophy induced by Ang Ⅱ,and the anti-hypertrophic effect of STS on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by AngⅡ might be associated to its inhibitory effect on ERK signaling pathway.

Aim To investigate the effect of tanshinoneⅡA(TSN) on the hypertrophy induced by angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)in the primary culture of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Methods Cardiomyocytes of Wistar rats were cultured with pancreatin and preplating technique. The hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes was induced with angiotensinⅡ, and intervened with TanshinoneⅡA and Valsartan. The effect of TSN on cardiomyocytewas evaluated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-3,5-diphenylformazan (MTT) assay. As the index of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, protein synthesis rate was measured by ~3H-Leucine incorporation and the cell size was determined by phase contrast microscope. The proto-oncogene c-fos、c-myc and c-jun mRNA expressions were assessed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Exposure of cultured cardiomyocytes to TSN (5～80 ?mol?L~ -1 ) for 24 h produced marginal cytotoxicity. Additonally, myocyte monolayers continued to contract synchronously in the presence of TSN. With the treatment of cardiomyocytes by AngII for 7 days, the cell size of cardiomyocytes of the group of Ang Ⅱ(28.5?3.8) ?m increased more prominently than the group of control(19.8?1.9) ?m(P

Objective To investigate the predictive value of cardiovascular risk factors in coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.Methods A total of 400 patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) in our hospital was divided into multiple vascular lesion group,single vascular lesions group,and non-CAD group according to the result of CAG and their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.The correlation between cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery lesions was analyzed,and the independent risk factor of CAD was screened by multi-factorial logistic regression analysis.Results There was significant difference in total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC),fasting blood glucose (FBG),inflammatory cells,carotid artery plaque,brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) between the CAD group and the non-CAD group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The number of coronary artery lesion branch was increased significantly when risk factors,such as age,body mass index(BMI),hypertension,diabetes mellitas,smoking,carotid artery plaque,TG,TC,low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),FBG,WBC,monocytes (M),neutrophils (N),neutrophils/lymphocytes (N/L),baPWV,and Hs-CRP.Other risk factors including TC,HDL-C,L were decreased with a statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant relation among,and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)％.The most significant risk factor was carotid artery plaque that was independently associated with coronary heart disease (b =1.264,P ＜ 0.01),followed by smoking (b =1.204,P ＜0.01),HDL-C (b =1.104,P ＜0.01),TC (b =1.082,P ＜0.01) diabetes mellitus (b =0.956,P ＜0.01),baPWV increased (b =0.741,P ＜0.01),WBC (b=0.721,P ＜0.01),hypertension (b =0.602,P ＜0.01),the age (b =0.538,P ＜0.01),and HsCRP(b =0.421,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The results suggest that the hypertension,hyperlipidemia,smoking,age,baPWV,inflammatory cells,Hs-CRP,and carotid artery plaque was a significant independent CHD risk factors.

ObjectiveTo study the characteristic of apoptosis and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),as well as relation between them after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats.Methods84 adult SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,and made into mild,moderate and severe acute SCI models.The rats were killed at 4h,8h,1d,3d,7d,14d and 21d after surgery.The histopathology changes in spinal cord tissue were observed with HE staining microscopic examination.The expression of iNOS was determined by immunohistochemistry and the apoptosis was labeled by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL).ResultsThe histopathology changes in spinal cord tissue deteriorated with increasing in injury degree.A little iNOS immunoreactivity (iNOS-IR) was detected in nerve cells,gliocytes,ependymocytes and blood vessel endotheliocytes of normal and vertebra shelf operated controls,increasing at 8 h, and in flood tide in 7 d. The expression of Bax and the rates of TUNEL positive cells were similar with that of iNOS after SCI. There was positive correlation between expression of iNOS and degree of primary SCI ,apoptosis index(r=0.414,P<0.01;r=0.854,P<0.01).Conclusions Expression of iNOS and Bax increase and a large number of TUNEL positive cells present after SCI in rats. There is positive correlation between expression of iNOS and degree of primary SCI,apoptosis index.

Objective The cytotoxic effect of bile acids on trophoblast and fetal development in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP) were studied through the observation of ultrastructure changes and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) of placenta. Methods Twenty two ICP (7 with FGR and 15 without FGR) and 15 normal late pregnancies were selected. The placental ultrastructure was observed with transmission electron microscope. The expression of EGFR in placenta was determined by immunohistological method and the related quantity of EGFR mRNA was analysed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results The morphological changes found in syncytiotrophoblast were the following: decrease in the number of superficial microvilli, dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum, tumefation or myelination of the mitochondria and abnormal distribution of chromatin. These changes of syncytiotrophoblast were more obvious in ICP with FGR. In addition, decrease in the number of capillaries and proliferation of degenerated collagenous fibrils in villi interstitium were also observed. Compared with the normal pregnancies, the expression of EGFR in placenta from ICP decreased significantly and there was no significant difference of EGFR expression in ICP with and without FGR. Conclusion Bile acids cause distinct injuries on trophoblast in a dose dependent manner and that maybe account for the decreased expression of placental EGFR in ICP.

Laparoscopic surgery develops fast in China in recent years,and it is widely applied in different fields in the digestive surgery and satisfactory results are achieved.However,uniformed training,technique standard and quality control standard are missing in the education of laparoscopic surgery in China.Fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery (FLS) program is developed by the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons in 2004.It is composed of congenital assessment and manual skills assessment.Twelve surgeons from China have taken FLS examination in April of 2014,and they introduced the content,features of FLS examination,some thoughts and inspirations on the training of laparoscopic surgery in China in this article.

AIM To study the antidepressant effects of bioactivecompounds from entomogenous fungi(BCEF) in mice models of depression. METHODS The antidepressant effects of Bioactive compounds from entomogenous fungi were examined in the learned helplessness model( forced swimming mice, tail suspension mice) and chronic unpredictable stress mice models. Spectrofluorometer and UV spectrophotometer were used to detect the activity of MAO, central monoamine neurotransmitter in mice brain mitochondria. RESULTS BCEF0083 25,50,100 mg?kg -1 could obviously shorten the immobility time in forced swimming mice, tail suspension mice and showed some extent of dose-effect relationship. BCEF0083 25,50,100 mg?kg -1 could obviously inhibite the activity of MAO-A,B on brain remitochondria in chronic unpredictable stress mice models and could rise the content of NE,5-HT,5-HIAA,DA in defferent degree. CONCLUSION The results suggested that BCEF0083 had antidepressant effects in mice depression models. The mechanisms of BCEF0083 antidepressant effects may be related with the inhibition of MAO-A,B activity and the increased content of central monoamine neurotransmitter.

PURPOSE: Prolactinoma (prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma) is one of the most common estrogen-related functional pituitary tumors. As an agonist of the dopamine D2 receptor, bromocriptine is used widely to inhibit prolactinoma progression. On the other hand, it is not always effective in clinical application. Although a dopamine D2 receptor deficiency contributes to the impaired efficiency of bromocriptine therapy to some extent, it is unknown whether there some other underlying mechanisms leading to bromocriptine resistance in prolactinoma treatment. That is the main point addressed in this project. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human prolactinoma samples were used to analyze the S-phase kinase associated protein 2 (SKP2) expression level. Nutlin-3/adriamycin/cisplatin-treated GH3 and MMQ cells were used to analyze apoptosis in SKP2 overexpression or knockdown cells. SKP2 expression and the interaction partners of SKP2 were also detected after a bromocriptine treatment in 293T. Apoptosis was analyzed in C25 and bromocriptine-treated GH3 cells. RESULTS: Compared to normal pituitary samples, most prolactinoma samples exhibit higher levels of SKP2 expression, which could inhibit apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. In addition, the bromocriptine treatment prolonged the half-life of SKP2 and resulted in SKP2 overexpression to a greater extent, which in turn compromised its pro-apoptotic effect. As a result, the bromocriptine treatment combined with C25 (a SKP2 inhibitor) led to the maximal apoptosis of human prolactinoma cells. CONCLUSION: These findings indicated that SKP2 inhibition sensitized the prolactinoma cells to bromocriptine and helped promote apoptosis. Moreover, a combined treatment of bromocriptine and C25 may contribute to the maximal apoptosis of human prolactinoma cells.
Apoptosis* ; Bromocriptine ; Half-Life ; Hand ; Humans* ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Prolactinoma* ; Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of blood pressure and S-100B, neuron specific enolase (NSE) protein in hypertensive dogs with high fat diet after catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation. METHODS: Twelve Beagles were divided into an interventional group (n=6) and a sham-operation group (n=6). After baseline measurements, the Beagles were fed with lard oil for 3 months. After 3 months, the interventional group had renal sympathetic denervation by percutaneous catheter based radiofrequency ablation and the control group had renal angiography. The blood pressure, plasma S-100B, and NSE before the operation and 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months and 3 months after the operation were measured. RESULTS: The dogs had significantly higher levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MBP) compared to its baselines (P<0.05). The SBP, DBP and MBP in the interventional group were significantly lower than those in the control group 1 month and 3 months after the operation (P<0.05). Three months after the operation, renal angiography in all dogs revealed no sign of renal artery stenosis. Plasma S-100B and NSE expression in the interventional group were higher than those in the control group 3 days, 1 week and 2 weeks after the operation (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Renal sympathetic denervation can significantly reduce the SBP, DBP and MBP in hypertensive dogs. The plasma S-100B and NSE may be used as indicators for assessment of renal nerve injury after renal sympathetic denervation.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Catheter Ablation ; Dogs ; Hypertension ; metabolism ; Kidney ; innervation ; surgery ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit ; metabolism ; Sympathectomy

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods:We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality. Meta-analysis and cumulative meta-analysis were performed using R4.4.1 software. Fixed/random effects models were used to analyze heterogeneous and non-heterogeneous results. Heterogeneous modifiers were identified by subgroup analysis. Funnel plots and Peters' test were used to analyze potential publication bias.Results:A total of 48 studies involving 92 836 HBsAg-positive pregnant women and 7 123 292 HBsAg-negative pregnant women were included. In terms of adverse pregnancy outcomes, HBV infection was significantly correlated with the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus [odds ratio ( OR)=1.34, 95% confidence interval ( CI): 1.17-1.53] and intrahepatic cholestasis ( OR=2.48, 95% CI: 1.88-3.29), with statistically significant differences. In terms of adverse neonatal outcomes, HBV infection was significantly correlated with the occurrence of neonatal asphyxia ( OR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.20-1.86) and preterm birth ( OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.12-1.33), with statistically significant differences. In addition, the cumulative meta-analysis demonstrated that the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and preterm birth both tended to be stable in pregnant women with HBV infection following 2009 and 2010, respectively. The supplementary questions answered for repeated studies had limited significance. Conclusion:Intrahepatic cholestasis, gestational diabetes mellitus, neonatal asphyxia, and preterm birth occurrence risk can be raised with HBV infection in pregnant women.